US1291186A - Drier and process of making the same. - Google Patents

Description

EXHNDER $CHW cream, or nurrnno, new no a DRIER W PROCESS h MAKING THE SE.

tipeciflcatiou of Letters JPatcnt.

l atented Jan id, idld.

' lde brewing. -App1lieation med February 24, 1911, Serial No. c oaea. Renewed october 13, 1917. aerial lit the quick dryingthecolor of the oil has To. all whom it may concern:

Be itknkown that l, ALEXANDER Scnwanm 1 MAN, a ci izen of the United States, residing at Budalo, in-the county of Erie and State-of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drier-s and Processes of Making the Same, of which.

the following is ajfull, clear, and exact specification. i

This invention relates to and has for an object to provide'an improved oil product and an improved method in the art of treating oils.

This invention particularly relates to the incorporation with raw or normal oil of elements for causing the oil to absorb oxygen readily and to dry rapidly. l

Heretofore in treating oil for edec-ting been changed, that is, it has been darkened and the normal density and viscosity of the oil has been changed, the oil becoming more viscid during, the process of treatment.

Oil, particularly linseed oil, consists of fatty acids and glycerin. A part, or all, of the glycerin can'bereplaced by metals and theresulting products are glycerin on one side and the combination of the respective metalsand fatty acids on the other side. The metals of importance in this regar are manganese and lead, as comsimply assists it.

ound' of these two metals when introduced into raw linseed oil make it dry much quicker than itwould without the presence of these. metals. For instance, raw linseed 'oil under normal conditions will dry in from three .to four days. llf this oil has added to it, however, compounds of lead or manganese, or a mixture of these metals,

the oil will dry in from three to fifteen hours. under similar conditions The metals above referred to act as catalyzers, by which term it is meant that the substance in question does not take a direct part in the chemical-reaction but When linseed oil is exposed to. the air it will absorb about sixteen per-cent. of oxygen. This will happen in the raw linseed oil whether the metals above mentioned are present or. not. in the presence of compounds of lead or manganese or a mixture ot both, the same amount of oxygen will be absorbed but a very much-she time, since the above mentioned metals alo-- sorb the oxygen first, then transfer it to the oilthereby expediting the process of absorption of oxygen and the consequent drying of the oil.

in the method which has been largely practised for producing so called boiled oilabout two barrels of raw linseed oil are heated in a kettle to about 4:00 to 500 degrees TL, and "compounds of lead or manganese are added. The oil is then heated for about five or six hours. The bulk of the lead and manganese are combined with the fatty acids. A small quantity only of such drier can be produced at one operation. The high temperature imparted to the oil has a tendency not only to thicken the oil but to discolor the same. The product is further darkened by the destruction of the part of the glycerin which is replaced by the lead and manganese. This product contains in comparison with that contemplated.

will then be heated to about 250 degrees F, This boiled oil will, of course, have all the shortcomings of the drier incorporated therein. As for instance, it will be a darkened, and as the ten per-cent. of drier is verythick in body, on account of the oil having been heated at a high temperature for a number of hours, the resulting prod uct Will be more viscous than is raw oil.

By my invention however, the desired quantity .of some suitable metal base, preferably manganese or lead, or a mixture of these will be incorporated into oil which maintains substantially the characteristics of normal raw oil with the exception that it is given the property of rapid drying.

One method of practisin the present improvement is as follows: fter the oil has been split into free fatty acids and glycerin by some suitable process, as for instance the Twitchell process, the fatty acids while heated to a temperature below the boiling point of said fatty acids, a practicable temperature'to employ being about 240 degrees hi, will have added to them chlorid of manganese dissolved in water or a solutipn of sugar of lead in water. Enough caustic lye is then added to the solution to precipitate the chlorid of manganese as hydrate of manganese which will dissolve in hot fatty acids while yielding a combination of manganese and the fatty acids, or in the second case hydrate of lead which again combines with the fatty acids yielding a lead combination;

The two metals above referred to may be used together. The lead and manganese may be precipitated in the same manner yielding a lead -"manganese combination. When a plurality of metals are used the relative proportions may be varied as occasion demands.

It is of course within the purview of my invention to introduce enough of the metal to completely saturate the fatty acids and obtain a neutral combination. If however, it should be found advantageous to saturate only a part of the fatty acids the resulting combination will consist partially of free fatt acids and partially of a combination of tl ie latter withthe above 'metals.

The fatty acids split from the raw linseed oil easily combine with metallic hydrates which are precipitated in the heated fatty acids and caused to combine therewith preferably while being agitated at a temperature of about 220 degrees F.

By this process large quantities of the drier can be produced at a single operation, and as a low temperature is maintained the metals will combine with the fatty acids without effecting a change in the product. The drier thus obtained is a very highly concentrated one which when added to raw oil, a mixture of raw oil and about of the drier, will produce commercial boiled oil without impairing the color or viscosity of the original'raw oil.

To effect the desired drying quality in the so called boiled oil it is necessary merely to incorporate therewith about three-tenths of one pervcent. of the metallic element and by the present method it may be incorporated with the oil and the resulting boiled oil will'retain the characteristics of'pure raw linseed oil with this difference that it will dry in the desired time.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: t

1. The improvement in the art of making driers, which consists in adding to free fatty acids at a temperature of about 240 degrees two per-cent.

.of lead and water, and adding an alkali,

whereby a lead-manganese combination with a part of the fatty acids, dissolved in the excess of the fatty acids, is produced.

3. The art of making driers which consists in incorporating a metal base with an excess of fatty acids at a temperature sulfi- ,ciently below the boiling point of the said fatty acids to prevent discoloration of the product.

4. The improvement in the art of making driers which consists in adding a soluble metallic salt to an excess of free fatty acids at a temperature below the boilin point of the fatty acids, and then adding an alkali.

5. The improved product which consists of a combination of free fatty acids and a metal base combined in the presence of an excess of the fatty acids and at a temperature below the boiling point of the fatty acids, the product being in the form of a liquid.

6. The method of making driers which consists in heating free fatty acids to a temperature below the boiling point thereof. adding to said acids less than their chemical equivalent of a metallic salt in solution and then adding caustic alkali.

7. The method of making driers which consists in adding to free fatty acids obtained from linseed oil less than their chemical equivalents of soluble metallic salts and then adding caustic alkali.

8. A light colored liquid drier consisting of a metal combined with the free fatty acids derived from linseed oil, dissolved in an excess of such free fatty acids.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEXANDER SCHWARCMAN.

Witnesses:

Gnonen R. WInKINs, W. R MELVll-LE.