US1290627A - Ingot-mold. - Google Patents

Description

W. G, MATHIAS.

INGOT MOLD.

APPLCATON FILED MAR. 24.19H.

Patented Jan. 7, 1919.

WILLIAM G. MTHIAS, OF ENSLEY, ALABAMA.

INGGT-MOLD.

ig?. Specicetion f Letters Patent Patented Jan. 7, iig.

" Application led March 24, 1917. Serial No. 157,098. I c

To all whom 'it 'may concern.' having 'a double taper have been proposed Beit known that I, WmLiAM Gr. MATHIAS, for the purpose of insuring slow cooling at a citizen of the United States, and resident the top, but in none of the constructions of of Ensley, in the county of Jefferson and which I am aware is there found a mold hav- State of Alabama, have invented certain new ing an integral hot top with tapers of difand useful lm rovements in IngoteMolds, of ferent extent both in the same direction, the

which the fol owing is a specification. hot top portion providing for withdrawal of My invention relates to the art'of casting e the metal from the surface of the mold in ingots and hasl particular reference to a order to form an insulating air space.

novel ingot mold. l am aware also that certain forms of hot it is well known that an economical protop linings have been proposed employing duction of steel requires the formation of refractorymaterial. An advantage accrues, ingots in which the pipes and segregated however, 1n the employment of a hot top metaloids shall be located at a oint near or which is integral with the mold, utilizing at the upper end in order that t e amount of brick as the lining of refractory material. metal necessarily cropped shall be small. Brick may be selected which have a high re- To this end many improvements have been fractory and insulating value and may be suggested in methods of casting and in the located in place and the mold used with less form of the molds, within which the ingots delay than if a plastic material were emare cast. Many of these recognize the necesployed.

' sity for quickly chilling the lower portion My invention will be more readily underof' the mold, causing the upper portion stood. by reference to the accompanying thereof to remaln fluid for a longer time in drawings, whereinordervthat Iiuid metal may be supplied to Figure lis a longltudinal vertical section compensate for shrinkage and to prevent theJ of a mold constructed in accordance with formation of pipes. In theory at least these my invention, and

-improvements have resulted in the casting of Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.

better ingots, but many thereof. entail such n the drawings it will be seen that the greater expense as to odset to a large extent mold 10 provides an internal cavity. which 85 the advantages due lto the saving in cropped tapers upwardly and inwardly to thel point metal, l 11. At this point the cavity is enlarged or Experience has shown that variations in counterbored, the counterbore `itself being speed of cooling in the lower half of Athe tapered u wardly and inwardly at a moremold are unnecessary and undesirable; that acute ang e than that of the lower portion. is to say, the lower portion of the ingot may While it is unimportant as to the shape freeze practically uniformlyi It being unof this counterbore, it is desirable that the derstood, however, that the pi eusually same should be of the shape of the opening forms at a point between the mid le and upafter the insulating material is located per end of the ingot, it is desirable that therein. VThis for the reason that I desire 951 means lshould -be provlded for retaining all to employ bricks 12 as the insulating matethat portion of the ingot thereabove in a, rial, and the shape of the-opening must be fluid condition materia ly longer than the such that a single course of bricks may be portion below that point. To this end I employed for illing the enlargement. After ave provided means for uniformly cooling the bricks have been located, the cavity for all the lower portion of the ingot and for the ingot has a gradual taper from the effectively insulating the .upper portion bottom to the beginning of the :insulated thereof. f portion, then a more acute 'taper tothe Furthermore, I have provided in a smalltop. end-u mold-a gradual taperinthat portion It will be noted that the walls of the inten ed for quick cooling and a more demold at the lower end are thinner than at cided taper in that portion intendedfor slow the junction -of the mold walls with the' cooling both tapers being in the same direchot top. By this means I have determined tion. y this means I am enabledto sethat the cooling is substantially uniform. v cure the desired results as to economical VWhile the thicker walls induce more rapid 11 production inta small-end-up ingot and in a cooling, yet the heat radiated from the one-piece mold. I am aware that i thinner walls and along Athe sides of f v above thatvpoint is retarded in cooling. ln

addition the advantage accrues of low op erating land maintenance cost, due to Ithe integral character of the hot top andthe use of refractory brick instead of plastic refractory material.

- l claim: l

l. A mold for casting big-end-down in- 1gots, comprising in combination walls dening an upwardly and inwardly tapering space, and an upwardly and inwardly tapering insulating lining for the upper end of the mold, the walls of the mold gradually increasing in thickness from the lower portion to the lined portion, substantially as described. l

Q. In a device of the class described, a mold having a cast metal body portion pro vided with an interior opening therethrough, the walls of said opening converging toward the top and the thickness of said walls gradually increasing from the lower portion tow-ard thelupper portion, the upper v converges `toward the top thereof, substantially as described.

3. In an ing-ot mold, the combination of vwalls of varying thickness, and an integral hot top, the walls increasing in thickness from the bottom toward the top and pro;i

' viding an upwardly converging mold cavity,

the hot top having a replaceable refractory' lining forming a continuation of said mold cavity, substantially as described.

Ll. ln an ingot mold, the combination of e Walls increasing in thickness from the lower.

portion toward the upper portion providing an upwardly and inwardly tapering mold cavity, the taper being gradual to a point near the upper end, then more acute to the top of the mold, the more acute portion of the cavity being enlarged, and an inwardly and upwardly tapering insulation therefor, substantially as described.

Signed at Ensley, Alabama, this 1st day of March, 1917.

VVlLLLIl G. MATHIAS.

Witnesses:

A. J. DAY,

C. R. FLEMING.

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