US1289610A - Multiplying-machine. - Google Patents

Description

W. D. Biffi).

ULlPLYlNG MACHNE.

LI'PMCATION FILED MAR. li. 191sV @umu W. D. BEAHD.

MULTPLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 11A wie.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

W. D. BEARD.

MULTIPLYING MACHINE,

APPLmATloN man MAR.1|.1916.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

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MULTIPLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. II. |916. o n 7 1,289,610. man@ Dec.1,191b.

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MULTIPLYWG MACHINE.

APPLICATN FILE MAR. ll, 1915. 1 ,289,610. Patented D00. 31, 1918.

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MULTIPLYlNG MAGHlNE.

PPLlCATlON FILED MAR. L1, |916. 1,289,610. Patented Dee. 31,1918.

15 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

G. A. JULIUS & Fx A. WlLKINSON. MANUALLY CONTROLLED MACHINE FOR PHINHNG AND |ssu1NG DIFFERENTIATED TICKETS AND RECORDING THE ISSUE THEREOF.

APPLICATION FILED MIAYZI 1918. 1,288,910.

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MULTIPLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.1\.1916. v 1 289 610. Patented Dec. 31,1918. .s suns-snm faxen/0r www W. D. BEARD.

MULTIPLYING MACHNE.

APPLlcATloN FILED MAR.1|. 191e.

Patent-ed Dec. 31, 1918.

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MULTIPLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I-I. ISHS` Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

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W. D. BEARD.

MULTIPLWNG MACHINE.

APPLlcATloN FILED 11,111.11. 1916. v 1,289,610. Patented Dee. 31,1918.

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W. D. BEARD.

MULTIPLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. u. |916.

1,289,610. Patented De@.31,1918.

l5 SHEETS-SHEE'I l2.

W. D. BEARD.

MULTlPLYlNG MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. II. 191s.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

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W. D. BEARD.

MULTIPLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. II. 191e.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

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W. D. HEARD.

MULTIPLYING MACHINE.

APPucATmN FILED MAR. H. |916.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

WESLEY D. BEARD, 0F DES MOINES, IOWA.

MULTIrLYING-MACHINE.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented 1396.31, 191s.

Application led March 11, 1.916. Serial No. 83,579.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, WYESLEY D. BEARD, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Des Moines, in the county of Polk and State of Iowa, have invented a certain new and useful Multiplying-Machine, of which the following'is a specification.

My invention relates to multiplying machines.

In general it is my object to provide a machine which will erform mathematical calculations, especialy of multiplication,

mechanically in a minimum time.

It is my purpose to make a machine of the type mentioned with a minimum number of parts, and capable of performing multiplication with a minimum number of mechanical operations.

A further object is to make such a machine which may be operated by the userl with a minimum number of movements, and which is so constructed that the user need have in mind only a few operations at a time, so that the device may be operated with minimum mental strain.

A further object is to make sucha machine in which the only-manual operations necessary are the pressing of the multiplicand and the multiplier keys and the pressing of a starting button.

A further object is to make such a machine in which all the keys in both the multiplicand and multiplier may be pressed simultaneously, or one at a time.

A further object is to provide such a machine in which the multiplicand and multiplier may be set up on the keyboard and the machine then automatically operated to perform a complete operation of multiplication, and set up the answer with a minimum distance of movements of the mechanical parts, whereby the multiplication is accomplished with maximum speed of operation, of the machine, and in a minimum time.

A further object is to provide in such a machine, means whereby the partial product resulting from the multiplication of the multiplicand by the various digits of the multiplier are simultaneously obtained and set up in the machine, and automatically added together and set up in a final product in a minimum time.

A further object is to provide in such a machine new and effective carrying mechamsm.

Still an additional purpose of my invention is to provide such a machine capable of performingthe operation of multiplication and setting up the product, which product may then be taken oft" and the machine cleared. 4

A further object is to provide such a machine capable of performing the operation of multiplication, registering the final result of the completed problem, retaining such result, performing another operation of multiplication and automatically adding the result of the secondmultiplication and registering the sum of both operations and continuing to add in the results of additional multiplications independently.

A further:k object is to provide in such a machine simple mechanism for multiplying fractions without reducing the fractions to decimals, and which will multiply by a fraction indicated on a multiplier key and produce the correct result including a whole number and a fraction.

A further object is to provide simple and effective means for selecting out and making operative certain operating cylinders. or means.

My invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various |parts of the device whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l shows a top or plan view of part of the machine. illustratingthe relative arrangements of the 'banks of keys, the multiplier set of keys and the multiplicand set of keys being shown-in plan, the upper casing of the machine being partially broken away to show the mechanism of the interior thereof.

Fin. 2 shows a vertical, longitudinal, sectional vicw taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 shows a front elevation of the mechanism of the machine, the casing thereof being shown in vertical section. l

Fir". 4 shows a longitudinal. vertical, sectional view through the casing` and? the transverse frame members of the machine, one side of the frame beinr shown in side elevation from the inside of the machine, parts of the mechanism being lshown assembled on the frame.

Fig. 5 shows an enlarged, detail view of one of the banks of keys-of the multiplicand set. in side elevation.

Fig. 6 is a vertical, transverse, sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a detail view in side elevation of part of lthe mechanism operatively connected with one of the key stems, taken from the side opposite that shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 shows a side elevation of the completed machine, illustrating the manner of mounting a motor thereon.

Fig. 9 shows an enlarged, det-ail, view of the mechanism for transmitting power from the motor to the main shaft of the machine, the'gear casing bein shown in vertical section.

Fig. 10 shows a top or plan v iew ot' the mechanism shown in Fig. 9, the gear casing being removed.

Fig. 11 shows a side elevation, in detail,

of the disk or the main shaft,.being the disk' shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 shows a detail, sectional view of the computing devices,` which are shown herein as cvlinders.

Fig. 13 shows a transverse, sectional view of two ot the cylinder shafts with cylinders thereon, illustrating certain other mechaanism.

Fig. 14 shows a detail, sectional view of one of the cylinders and the slide hars vadjacent thereto.

Fig. 15 shows a detail view partly in section of a part of the retainingdevices Jfor holding the cylinders against floating movement, and the means for unlocking the slide bars.

Fig. 16 shows a detail, vertical, sectional view of part of the mechanism tor operating the slide bars.

Figs. 17 to 25 inclusive show the computing cylinders laid out in plan, and illustrate the arrangement of the stops on said cylinders.

Fig. Q6 shows a det-ail view of t-wo c vlinders laid out in plan, illustrating the arrangement of` the stops, the stops being shown in proper arrangement for multiplying 90 by any fraction of a unit having eight for its denominator.

Fig. 27 shows a similar view of three cylinders. the stops being illustrated for showing the arrangement thereof for multiplying seven hundred by some fraction, having eight for a denominator.

Fig. :28 shows a top view of some ot' the computing cylinders, illustrating the arrangement thereof with relation to the slide bars.

Fig. 29 shows a sectional View of two ot said computing cylinders, the slide bars being shown adjacent thereto.

Fig. 30 shows a detail view, partly in section, showing the arrangement of the frame, the shafts, the computing cylinders for multiplying by fractions, and the gearing mechanism for connect-ing said cylinders.

Fig. 31 shows a detail View of part of two slide bars, and'step plates thereon used in multiplying fractions.

Fig. 32 shows a detail View of the toothed i plates for one set of digit-s.

Fig. 33 shows a detail view of part of the cumulato'r mechanism shown in plan.

IF ig. 34 shows a detail view of part of the cumulator mechanism shown in rear elevation.

Fig. 35 shows a detail, sectional View of part of the mechanism shown in Fig. 33.

Fig. 36 shows a detail, sectional view taken on the line 36-36 of Fig. 35, illustrating the part of the mechanism for obtaining the totals of a series of multiplications. and part of the mechanism for clearing the machine.

Fig. 37 shows a detail view of part ofthe carrying mechanism, shown in Fig. 36.

Fig. '38 shows a detail view'of the same mechanism in a different position.

a Fig. 39 shows a vertical, sectional detail view of the friction device for forming part of the clearing mechanism.

F ig. 40 shows a detail view of the platev Fig. 41 shows a transverse, sectional View of said plate and part of the mechanism operatively connected therewith.

Fig. 42 shows a detail, plan View of part of the cont-rolling levers, and 4parts of the operating mechanism on the left side of the machine.

Fig. 43 shows a detail, sectional view of part-of the means for operating the clearing mechanism.

Fig. 44 shows a detail view of the ratchet mechanism shown in Fig. 43.

Figs. t5 to 51 inclusive. show detail views of cams for operating the various mechanisms of the machine.

Fig. 52 shows a longitudinal, sectional view of one of the operating shafts and vthe mechanism mounted thereon.

Fig. 53 shows a` detail, side elevation of the sliding frame members and part of the .controlling mechanism therefor.

Fig. 54 shows a rearend view of two of the toothed plates, and

.F ig. shows a detailsview of part of the locking mechanism for the slide hars.

In the form of my invention illustrated in the accompanying dra-wings, have used the reference numeral 10 to indicate generally the inclosing casing for the machine, which casing may be of any suitable shape, size and material, for protecting the mechanism from dust and the like, and to give it the proper appearance.

suitably mounted within the casing 10 is a frame comprising ateach side of the maand. a set of multiplier' keys. 'Each set of keys comprises a plurality of banks. Each key bank comprises nine keys arranged in succession fore-and-aft in the machine, and also arranged successively higher in the machine from front to rear. The arrangement just described is simply for convenience and might be varied if desired. In this connection it may be noted that I have shown yin my drawings four banks of digit keys and in each set also one bank of fraction keys in the multiplier. Such an arrangement of keys would, of course, limit the capacity of the machine and it is my purpose to make such a showing only for illustration, it being understood that the capacity of the machine may be increased by increasing the number of banks of keys in the multiplicand and multiplier, and by duplicating the mechanisms operatively connected therewith.

For convenience in further discussion of the machine, we assume that the end of the machine shown at the left-hand portion of Fig. 1 is the front of the machine, and the other end is the back, and that the lower part of the machine. shown in Fig. 1, is the right-hand side. and the other side the left-side of the machine.

In Fig. 5, I have illustrated the arrangement of one bank of keys of the multiplieand set, which is the left-hand set of keys. For each bank there is provided a frame inclined from the forward upper end of the machine upwardly and rearwardly, each frame in each case comprising a vertical strip or plate 14 having at its up er edge a flange 15 extending at right ang es 'away from the plate 14, and having at its lower edge a similar somewhat shorter lparallel flange 16 (Fig. 6). Formed onl thev edge of the flange 16, opposite the plate 14, is a downward extension 17. Each key 18 has a stem 19 extended slidably downwardly through suitable slots` in the flanges 15 and 16. Fach stem is rovided at lits forward edge with a shou der 20 projecting forwardly from the stem at a point near the flange 15. The slots in the flanges 15 are of sufficient length to permit the passage of the portions of the stems 19 having the shoulders 20.

Each key is normally held in its upper osition with the shoulder 20 just above the ange 15, by means of a spring 21 secured to the key stem 19, and secured'to the plate 14 by means of a pin 22 extended through an elongated slot 23 -in the key stem 19 (Fig. 5).

Mounted beneath each flange -15 is a locking bar 24, provided with elongated slots 25 adapted to permit the free sliding movement of the key stems 19, and to permit the passage of the shoulders 20 through said slots. Each bar 24 is normally held at the rearward upper position of its movement by 4 means of ay spring 26 secured to the plate 1.4 and to the locking bar.

It will be seen that when a key.18 is in its upper position and is pushed downwardly, as illustrated by the showing in Fig. 5, the shoulder 20 of the key thus depressed will engage the lock bar 24 and push said lock bar forwardly unt-il the shoulder 2() passes below and clears the lock bar, whereupon the spring 26 will move the lock har rearwardly to position where theshoulder 20 will engage the lock bar 24 and prevent the stem 19 and key 18 from being moved upwardly by the spring 21, until the lock bar is again moved forwardly in the machine to permit the shoulder 2O of the depressed keyto clear the lock bar and pass upwardlyl through the slot 25.

The frame for each bank of keys is supported at its forward end by'I an angle iron 27. shown in Fig. 4.

Mounted on the frame for each bank of keys is a plate 28 spaced opposite the plate 14. The flange 17 is provided at its rearward end with a slot 29 in which is received a transverse rod 30 mounted in up ward extensions 31 on the frame of the machine (Fig. 5).

Rotatably mounted in the upwardly extending members 31 (Fig. 4) preferably slightly above and rearward from the rod 30 is a transverse shaft 32. Rotatablv mounted on the shaft 32 in line with cach bank of keys, is a sleeve 33 (Fig. 5). Each sleeve 33 has formed in it a slot 34. elongated circumferentially of the shaft 32. A pin 35 extends outwardly from the shaft 32 into each slot 34. whereby rotation of the sleeve 33 with relation to the shaft 32 is limited.

Formed on the rear end of cach lock har 24 is a downwardly extending flange 36. Formed on each sleeve 33 is an upwardly and forwardly extending arm 37 pivoted at its forward end to a key stem 38 extended slidably upwardly through an elongated slot in the lock bar 24 and through a slot. in the flange 15. The stem 38 has on its upper end a key 39.

Formed on each sleeve 33is an upwardly extending arm 40. so arranged that when the key 39 is depressed, the arm 40 engages the flange. 36 and slides the lock bar 24 forwardly in the machine. (ln account of the arrange ment. ofthe parts, with the pin 35i-extended into the slot 34, it will be seen that the key 39 of any particular bank of keys can be operated for releasing the lock bar of that bank without rotating the shaft 32. If, however, the' shaft 32 is rotated a. certain distance, the pin 35 will be engaged for moving the sleeves 33 and the arms 40 for moving the slide bars of vall the banks of keys in both sets. In this connection it may be noted thaty the shaft 32 is connected with the lock bar 24 of all the banks of keys of the multiplicand, andl also with all the banks of keys of the multiplier, which will now be described, in a way similar to that just described.

Near one end of the shaft 32is fixed a laterally extending arm 41 pivoted to a key stem 42 slidably mounted in the casing of the machine (Fig. 2). On the upper end of the key stem 42 is a key 13. By depressing the key 43 the locking bars of all the banks of keys may be moved forwardly in the machine.

There is also provided mechanism, which will be hereinafter referred to, whereby the machine automatically operates the shaft 32 for operating the various lock bars for releasing all the keys of the multiplicand and multiplier sets.

The banks of keys of the multiplier, which are the banks shown in the right-hand set of keys in Fig. 1, are constructed and arranged similar to the keys of the multiplicand, hereinbefore described, with the exception that the stems 11 of the keys 18 of the multiplier set are longer and extend downwardly farther than the stems 19 of the multiplicand set, as illustrated in Fig. 2; that is to say the key banks of the multiplier set have the lock bars 21, the spring 21 and the mechanism for operating the lock bars,

arranged similarly to the same mechanism' for the multiplicand set of keys.

The digitkeys on the multiplier and multi- -fplicand are provided on their upper faces with indicating characters 45. I preferably place thenumeral 1 on the lower forward horizontal row of keys of each set, the numeral 2 on the next rearward upper horizontal row of keys, and so on, and the arrangement of indicating characters on4 the vkeys for multiplying by fractions is made as may be desired.

In Fig. 1, I have shown a part of one bank only of fraction keys for multiplying by eighths. The lower forward key being the one-eighth key, the next key being the onefourth key, that is to say the two-eighths key, the next rearward key, the three-eighths key and so on. It will, of course, be understood that other characters on the fraction keys may be provided, as may be desired.

erated by the depression of the keys of the multiplicand set.

Pivotally supported upon the flange 14. ad-

jacent to each stem 19 is a bell crank lever 46, which as shown has one upwardly extendin arm and one rearwardly extending arm. he angles formed by the arms ot' the various bell crank levers 4G vary somewhat in order to properly operate the mechanism hereinafter described.

Pivoted on the upper end of the upwardly extending arm of each bell crank lever 46 is another bell crank lever 47, having an upwardly extending arm, on which is mounted a small roller 18 and a forwardly extending arm having at its forward end a downwardly extending catch member 49.

Sldably mounted adjacent to each plate 14, preferably to slide on the flange 16 between the plate 14 and the key stem 19, is an operating bar 50 the upper edge of which is operating bar 50 is designed to normally stand in position with its various notches 51 just below the various catch members 49.

The key stems 19 are provided on their forward edges with curved shoulders 52 ar ranged adjacent to the rollers L18 when the parts are in their normal position (Fig. 7

On the forward end of each forwardly extending arm of each bell crank 17 is a latterally extending pin 53, which is extended through a slot 5-1 in the plate 14. The slot. 54 is curved on the arc of a circle having its center at the center of the pivot point of the bell crank 17 when the bell crank 16 is in its normal position. At the lower end of each slot 5t is formed a forwardly extending slot Mounted on the pivot pin 5G of each bell crank lever 17 is a spring 57, having its ends adapted to engage the lever -16 and the lever 47 for yieldingly holding the pin 53 at the upper end of the slot 51.

The operating bar 50 moves longitudinally forwardly for the purpose of swinging the upwardly extending arms of the bell crank levers 46 forwardly and their rearwardly extending arms upwardly. Arranged transversely inthe machine. is a shaft 58 (Fig. 5). A vertical, sectional view of the shaft 58 and the parts mounted thereon is shown in Fig. 52.

I will now describe the mechanism on the shaft 58 for connecting said shaft with the various operating bars 50.

A link 59 is pivoted to each bar 5() by means of a pin 60 extended through an elongated slot 61 in the plate 14C (Fig. 7). Mounted on the shaft 58 is a nut 62. (Fig. 52).

Slidably and rotatably mounted on the shaft 58 adjacent to the nut 62 is a plurality of arms 68. The arms 63 are spaced from each other by means of sleeves 64, which are keyed to the shaft by means of keys 65 to permit said sleeves to slide but not to rotate on said shaft. The respective arms 63 are pivoted to the rca'rends ofthe respective links Mounted on the shaft 58 is a nut 66 and spaced therefrom on the opposite side of all the arms 68 and Sleeves 64 is the nut 62. Mounted on the shaft 58 between the nut 66 and the nearest adjacent arm 63 is a washer v 67. Between the washer 67 and-the nut 66 is a coil spring 68. Byadjustment of the nut 66, the tension on said spring may be regulated as desired. It will be seen that all of the arms 63 are frictionally connected with the shaft 58 and normally tend to operate together when said shaft is rotated.

It will thus be seen that rotation of the shaft 58 would tend to operate the bars 5() of all the banks of keys of thel multiplicand.

In order to prevent the operation of the operating bars 50 of the banks of keys of the multiplicand, wherein no key has been depressed, the following mechanism has been provided.

An upright locking bolt 69 is slid-ably mounted in the flanges 15 and 16 in a suitable elongated slot4 in the locking bar 24 of each bank of keys. (Fig. 5).

Pivotally mounted on the plate 14 adjacent t0 each bolt 69 is a bell crank lever 70, one arm of which extends rearwardly in the machine and is provided with an elongated slot 71 to receive a pin 72 extending laterally from the bolt 69. The other end' of each bell crank extends upwardly in the machine to position adjacent to the locking bar Q-L. Extending downwardly from each locking bar 24 is a lug 73 adapted to engage the upwardly extending arm of the bell crank 70 during certain movements of the parts of the machine. f

Rotatably mounted in the machine is a transverse shaft 7-1 preferably mounted rearwardly in the machine from the bolts 69. Rotatably mounted on each shaft 74, adjacent to each bolt 69, is a short sleeve or coll-ai` 75. On each collar 75 is an upwardly extending arm 76 designed to engage a bolt 69. Secured to the arm 76 and to the upwardly extending arm of each bell crank 70 is a coil spring 77, adapted to hold the upwardly extending arm of the bell crank 70 at the forward limit of its movement and hold the arm 76 in engagement with the bolt 69. The bolt 69 is intended tonormally stand at the lower position of its movement with its lower end received in the slot 79 in the upper surface of the adjacent link 59.

Each sleeve 75 is provided with a slot 80 elongated circumferentially of the shaft 7 4. Received in each slot 80 is a pin 81 on the shaft 74.

Each bolt 69 is provided with a notch 82 which is below the upper end of the arm.76 when the bolt 69 is in its lowered position. lVhen one ofthe keys of the bank, under consideration, is depressed thereby moving the lock bar 24 forwardly in the machine, the lug 78 on said lock bar engages the upwardly extending arm of the bell crank lever 70, thereby operating the said bell crank lever for raising the bolt 69 out of the notch 79. The notch 82 then receives the end of the arm 76, whereby the bolt 69 is locked in its upper position. Each sleeve 33, hereinbefore referred to, is provided with a forwardly ,extending pin 83, and each sleevel 75 is provided with a rearwardly extending pm 84 arranged in the path of the pin 83. If, after al key has been depressed in one bank of keys, it should be desired to release said key wit-hout otherwise affecting the operation of the machine, the key 39 may be depressed, as here-inbefore described, for moving the bar 24 forwardly in the machine and permitting the stein 19 of the depressed key to move upwardly. The depression of the key 89 causes the pin 83 to engage the pin 84 for moving the sleeve 75 andthe arm 76 for causing the arm 76 to move away from the slot 82 in thc bolt 69, and ermitting the spring 77 to operate the bel crank lever 70 for moving the bolt 69 downwardly until its lowerend sits in the notch 79. The construction of the parts with the elongated slot 80 permits each sleeve 75 to have limited rotary movement on the shaft 74, for permittingl the manual release and lowering of one holt 69 independently of the automatic operation of the machine. Ordinarily the shaft 74 is operated by the automatic mechanism of the machine for releasing all the stems 69.

I will now describe the further mechanism operated by the depression of the keys of the multiplicand set.

Suitablymounted on the frame of the machine is a plurality of transverse shafts 85. The shafts 85 are arranged in rows in different horizontal planes, the shafts of the various rows being also preferably arranged in parallel vertical planes.

Suitablymounted on the frame of the machine is a plurality of horizontal shafts 86 arranged longitudinally in the machine. The shafts 86 are arranged in a seriesof rows, each row being in a different horizontal plane and each row preferably being arranged just below one of the rows of shafts 85. The shafts 86 in the dierent horizontal rows are also preferably arranged in parallel vertical planes.

Mounted upon each shaft 86 are nine computing cylinders 87, such as those shown in Fig. 12. The cylinders 87 are arranged in rows longitudinally of the machine on the shafts 86, and are also preferably arranged

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