US1285883A

US1285883A - Metallurgical furnace.

Info

Publication number: US1285883A
Application number: US20740217A
Authority: US
Inventors: Bruno Zobel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-12-17
Filing date: 1917-12-17
Publication date: 1918-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 1935-11-26

Description

B. ZOBEL.

METALLURGICAL FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 11. W7

1,285,883. 7 Patented Nov. 26,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

IN VE IV TOR ATTORNEY B. ZOBEL.

METALLURGICAL FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED 020.11. 19:7.

1,285,883. Patented Nov. 26, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

B. ZOBEL. METALLURGICAL'FURNACE.

Patented Nov. 26, 19 18, 3 SHEETS SHEET 3.

lNl/k/VTOR 2% 625/ ha ATTORNEY UNITED STATES rn'rnn'r onr oa BRUNO ZOBEL, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

METALLURGICAL FURNACE.

Application filed December 17, 1917.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, BRUNO ZoBEL, a subtion is not limited in its use to the melting or preparation of such materials only.

My invention resides in furnace structure comprising means operable from the exterior for lowering or raising the crucible or fire pot within the fire chamber of the furnace; my invention resides further in covering structure for the fire chamber and crucible whereby the hot furnace gases are conducted in suitable paths exterior to the crucible for purposes hereinafter described; my invention resides also in means for supplying air blast to the furnace chamber; and my invention resides in further features hereinafter described, including features of structure of grate and bottom members.

For an illustration of one of the various forms my invention may take, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a furnace embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side elevational view illustrating means for holding the furnace bottom members in position.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the cover structure.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view on the line C-D of Fig. 1, some parts shown I in bottom plan view.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal view on the line M-N, Fig. 1, some parts shown in'bottom plan view.

Fig. 6 i'sa horizontal sectional view on the line EF, Fig. .1, showing some parts in bottom plan view.

Referring to the drawings, upon the L beamsor other

suitable supports

1, 1, Fig. 1, rests the base plate 2, of cast iron or any other suitable material.' Upon the plate 2 are supported the legs or brackets 3 on Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov.-26, 1918.

Serial No. 207,402.

whose upper ends rests the ring member 4 having the circumferential vertical flange 5 which surrounds the cylindrical fire chamber wall 6 of fire clay or other suitable rcfractory material which rests upon the ring a, the fire chamber 7 being open at its bottom, the opening in the ring & registering with the opening in the bottom of the fire chamber 7 Secured to the outside vertical surfaces of the brackets or legs 3 is the vertically extending cylindrical metal shell 8 to the inside of which are secured the ring shaped angle members 9 and 10 surrounding the fire chamber wall 6. Upon the horizontal portion of the upper angular ring member 9 rests the circumferentially extending structure 11 of fire clay or other refractory material embracing the fire chamber wall 6.

Communicating with the annular space, suitably air tight for the purpose, between the outer surface of the wall 6 and the inside of the casing 8, is a series of holes 12 extending through the wall 6 in a direction substantially tangential to the annular space between the wall 6 and member 8 andto the cylindrical fire chamber 7, as indicated in Fig. 5. 12 are disposed at different heights, as ndicated in Fig. 1, whereby the holes are ar-] ranged helically with regard to the fire chamber in order that the air blasts entering by the holes 12 will not all be directed at the same height or region into the fuel in the fire chamber 7, nor will the air blasts be directed toward the center of the fire chamber, the; air by this construction being suitably distributed within the fire box. Air from the space between the

members

6 and 8 also passes downwardly to the space below the grates 14 and upwardly through the grates into the fire chamber 7 Communicating with the annular air space between the wall. 6 and the member '8 is the pipe or conduit 13 which is connected to any source of air under pressure, for example, a blowertion, so as to retain the fuel within the fire chamber 7, are provided the horizontally extending bars 20 extending through the bracket members 21 carried bythe casing 8 and supported at their other ends in the bracket members 22 carried by the casing E1. The grate members rest upon these horizontal bars and are so prevented from swinging downwardly upon their

pivots

17 and 18. lVith the grate bars in their horizontal posi tion, semi-circular openings therein are disposed opposite each other to form a substantially circular opening through which at tends the member 23, of refractory material. such as fire brick or fire clay, upon which is adapted to rest the fire pot or crucible 24: indicated in dotted lines in Fig. l. The member 23 sets in the flanged plate 25 which in turn rests upon the upper end of the column 26, a ball or roller bearing 27 intervening between the member 25 and the upper end of the column 26, whereby the latter may rotate with respect to the former.

The column 26 extends downwardly through an opening formed in and between the

false bottom plates

28 and 29, each Sui? stantially semi-circular in form and pivoted respectively, at 30 and 31 to the base plate 2. These

bottom plate members

28 and 29 are provided ith marginal upwardly extending flanges to form these members into shallow receptacles which may catch and retain any molten metal dropping from the furnace chamber 7 through the grates, as in case oi breakage of the pot or crucible2l.

The bottom plate member 28, as seen in Fig. 1, has a lip or projection 82 upon which may rest the free end of the bottom plate member 29. Each of the

members

28 and 29 is provided with an outwardly extending angle iron projection 33 with the outer end of each of which, as more clearly shown in Fig. 2, engages a ring 3stattached to the bar 85, which is screw threaded at its upper end into the turn buckle 36, which is in turn threaded to the bar 37 having an opening which receives the hook 38 secured to the casing member 8, the members 37 having the handles 39 by means of which the mem here 28 and 29 may be swung upwardly upon their pivots to nearly their final positions, whereupon the members 37 are engaged with the hooks 38. Then by turning the turn buckles 36, or by actuating equivalent force multiplying devices, the members 33 may be further drawn upwardly to carry the members 2S and 29 to their final horizontal positions indicated.

The column 26 is provided with the screw thread t0 with which engages the nut 4.1 carried by the transversely extending beam members 42 carried at their ends in the brackets 43 which are secured at their upper ends to the under side of the base plate 2.

On the column 26 is a shoulder at which limits the downward travel of the column 26, which latter is provided with holes 45 through which may be thrust bars serving as wrenches for rotating the column 26, causing it to descend or rise thereby carrying downwardly or raising the block 23 and the crucible resting thereon, the block 23 and crucible 2-l partaking only of vertical movement, because of the bearing 27, which allows the block 23 and crucible 24:, due to friction thereon of the fuel in the chamber 7, to remain stationary so far as regards rotary motion, while the column 26 is rotated to cause its elevation or depression, due to the screw threads etO in cooperation with the nut -11.

For covering or closing the fire chamber 7, there is provided the member to. of suitable refractory material, as fire clay or fire brick or the like, suitably incased by the sheet metal t7 and held within the three part hoop 48, whose segments are clamped together by bolts 49, to which are attached shackles adapted to receive hooks at tached to any lifting means, such as a crane, the cover merely resting upon the top of the furnace structure 6. The member a6 has hie circular opening 51, ith which communicate a plurality of outwardly radiating and outwardly widening horizontal passages 52 con'nnunicating at their outer ends with downwardly extending passages 53 communicating with the top of the fire chamber 7. The circular refractory member 54- rests upon the member 16 and has at its center a conical or tapering opening 55 whose lower end registers with the aforementioned opening 51.

lVith the crucible 2st in the position indicated in Fig. 1 its upper edge is close to or in contactwith the lower portion 56 of the member 46, the crucible cover member 56 having an aperture 57 in alinement with the

apertures

55 and 51, the aperture 57 communicating with the interior of the crucible 2t.

With the parts in the positions illustrated in F 1, and the fire chamber 7 being charged with burning fuel and blasted by air received through the pipe 13, hot gases pass upwardly through the openings 53 and over the member 56 into the

apertures

51 and 55. The metal to be treated may be thrown in pieces into the opening 55, wherein they may become lodged. due to their size and. the taper of the aperture, and the hot gases passing upwardly as described through the

passages

53 and 52, will strike these pieces of metal which, finally melting, drop down through the aperture 57 into the crucible 24-, within which they are further melted along with any pieces which may have been small enough to drop through the aperture 57.

The passages 52 are preferably substantially horizontal, that is, neither pointing downwardly into the crucible nor pointing upwardly into the outlet passage 55, because if pointing downwardly into or toward the interior of the crucible too severe a heating effect would in some cases be produced in the crucible resulting, for example, in oxidation of the metal or some component of an alloy; and on the other hand, if pointing upwardly the heat would more readily be discharged from the furnace without producing sufiicient heating effect.

At any desirable or suitable stage of the firing the crucible 24 may be lowered, by operating the column 26 as hereinbefore, described, whereupon its upper edge will be separated from the member 56, allowing passage for hot gases from the fire chamber 7 over the upper edge of the crucible 2% to the passage 57, in which position the material within the crucible 24 will be further heated.

WVhen the operation is completed, the cover structure may be removed and molten metal removed from the crucible 24 in ladles; or the crucible or pot containing the molten {petal may be removed from the fire cham- What I claim is:

1. The combination with a furnace having a fire chamber, of a grate structure, a bottom structure beneath said grate, and force multiplying means for moving said bottom structure to normal position.

2. The combination with a furnace having a fire chamber, of a grate structure, a bottom structure beneath said grate, said bottom structure comprising cooperating pivoted members, means for moving said members upon their pivots to near their final positions, and force multiplying means for moving said members to their final positions.

3. The combination with a furnace having a fire chamber, of a member of refractory material upon which a crucible may rest, a plate supporting said member, a vertically movable member supporting said plate, said plate having a rotary bearing on said vertically movable member.

4:. The combination with a furnace having a fire chamber, of a crucible supporting member, bottom structure disposed beneath said fire chamber and having an aperture, means movable vertically in said aperture for moving said crucible supporting member vertically, upwardly turned flange structure surrounding said aperture and said bottom structure, whereby molten material passing from said fire chamber is held by said bottom structure and prevented from contact ing with said vertically movable means.

5. The combination with a furnace having a fire chamber, of a cover structure having an aperture, a part of said cover structure constituting a crucible cover, said cover structure having passages communicating with said fire chamber and extending over said crucible cover and terminating in horizontal portions where they open into said aperture, said crucible cover having an aperture communicating with said first named aperture and with the interior of said crucible.

6. The combination with a furnace body forming a fire chamber, of a casing surrounding and spaced from said furnace body, means for delivering air under pressure into the space between said furnace body and said casing, said furnace body having apertures circumferentially spaced and disposed at progressively increasing heights in helical series for delivering air from said space into said fire chamber.

7. The combination with a furnace body having a fire chamber, of a casing surrounding and spaced from said furnace body, means for delivering air in an inclined direction into said space, said furnace body having a plurality of air passages extending substantially tangentially from said space into said fire chamber.

8. The combination with a furnace body having a fire chamber, of a casing surrounding and spaced from said furnace body, means for delivering air in an inclined direction into said space, said furnace body having a plurality of air passages extending substantially tangentially from said space into said fire chamber, said passages being spaced circumferentially and disposed at progressively increasing heights.

9. The combination with a furnace body forming a fire chamber, of a casing surrounding and spaced from said furnace body, means for delivering air under pressure into the space between said furnace body and said casing, a grate, said furnace body having a plurality of air passages above its lower end delivering air from said space into said fire chamber above said grate, said casing extending below said grate, and a movable bottom structure below said grate and surrounded by said casing for forming a substantially closed chamber beneath said grate, said chamber communicating with said space, whereby air enters said fire chamber through said grate.

10. A crucible furnace having a fire chamber, a grate structure therefor having an aperture, a member movable vertically in said aperture and adapted to support a crucible, a plate member supporting said member, and a vertically movable member sup- BRUNO ZOBEL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.