US1279375A - Talking-machine. - Google Patents

Description

M. S. LEVUSSOVE.

TALKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Aue.4. 1915.

Patented Sept. 17, 1918.

In ven tor:

Atty- M. s. LEVUSSO'VE.

TALKING MACHINE. 'APPLICATION FILED Aue.-4. 3915.

1,279,375! SHEETS-SHEETZ In 1 911 tor:

rammed Sept. 17,1918.

MOSES STUART LEVUSSOVE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TALKING-MACHIN E.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Moses STUART LEvUssovn, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at New York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Talking-Machines, of which the following is a specification. My invention relates to phonographs and more particularly to improvements in a type thereof wherein the sound box is propelled across a record in accordance with the groove of the record within which are the impressed sound waves.

There are in extensive use at the present time, phonographs of different types havmg in common the essential characteristic of a sound box propelled across a record in accordance with the record groove, said sound box opening into ahorn, amplifier or tone arm having movement with the sound box. In machinesof the types above referred to, the sound box is commonly connected to the amplifier, horn or tone arm through a metallic pipe section having a swiveling relation to said amplifier, horn or I I tone arm. It is also a common practice to transmit to this amplifier sound waves developed upon only one side of the diaphragm. In the typesof machine above referred to, the tone arm ordinarily, has a swiveling action so as to cause the sound box, and stylus carried thereby, to describe an arc in itstravel across the record. This varies the relation of the stylusand succeeding spiral portions of the groove, which condition tends toward, not only a loss of accuracy in the reproduction, but rapid wear of the record. r

In a machine made in accordance with my invention, the soundbox has movement in accordance with the groove of the record having the impressed'sound waves therein, said sound box,however,ha ving a rectilineal movement so that the stylus carried thereby will bear the same relation to every portion of the spiral groove, thus insuring greater accuracy in the reproduction and avoiding undue wear of the record. The sound box is so supported with relation to the amplifier, horn 0r tone arm as to permit this move- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept, 17, 1918.

Application filed August 4, 1915. Serial No. 43,532.

ment thereof across the record independently of said amplifier, horn or tone-arm which, while the machine is in operation, has no movement across the record with the sound box. The amplifier, horn or tone arm structure is preferably such as to compensate for variance in the plane of rotation of the record support, or the record thereon. The sound waves are transmitted from the sound box to the amplifier, horn or tone arm through a supplemental tone arm leading from the sound outlet opening of the sound box, said supplemental tone arm having movement with the sound box. To insure the free movement of the sound box across the record, I mount said supplemental tone arm in anti-friction bearings, and when sound waves are taken from both sides of the diaphragm mount both supplemental made in accordance with my invention that the sound waves developed on both sides of the diaphragm will be transmitted to the am lifier, horn or tone arm, a construction whlch not only involves the duplication of the tone arm structure but the modification of the sound box in a manner to insure an air chamber of substantially the same capacity upon each side ofthe' diaphragm. The amplifier, horn or tone arm, the supplemental tone arm and the sound box are so constructed and related as to prevent-the application of excessive weight to the record through the stylus.

When taking sound waves from both sides of the diaphragm, the sound box and stylus arm are so arranged as to present no such openings in the supplemental tone arm as will tend to permit the sound waves to pass therethrough before entering the amplifier, horn or tone arm. I also provide a stylus mount which will insure rigidity inthe connection of the stylus with the pivotal stylus arm. l

The invention consists in the novel features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and described and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

ment of the sound box d and the arm 7" bearing f and entering said guide ways F- This construction also affords an efficient anti-friction bearing for the arm f., To give the necessary range of movement to the sound box d in traveling across the record, the arm f is elongated, as shown; the section 6 being of sufficient length to permit the necessary telescopic action of the said arm f in the said section 6.

The tone arm f opens into the section e so as to transmit 'all sound waves thereinto.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a phonograph embodying my invention; 1

Fig. 2 is a side elevationthereof;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of one of the tone arms, one of the supplemental tone arms and the bearings for said supplemental tone arm carried by said main tone arm;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the sound box structure;

Fig. 6 is a side view thereof seen from the left of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the sound box; and

Fig. 8 is a detail view of the support for restricting the stress upon the record from each of the bearlngs f -g 1s a connecting the reproducing mechanism. a bar it for preservlng the alinement of said Like letters refer to like parts throughout-- bearings. This bar is offset with relation to the several views. H said bearings to afford a clear field for the In the embodiment of my invention shoiivn sound box 03 when traversing the record. in the accompanying drawings, a indicates alhe support 9" preferably comprises a a cabinet having mounted thereon a rotatable record table I) which may be driven in any desired manner. A record o of the usual gramophone type is shown on said table.

Mounted above said table in a manner to have rectilineal movement across the record is a sound box d of the gramophone type. This sound box is so supported as to be propelled across the record a in accordance with the record groove. The said sound box is provided with the usual vibratory arm d carrying the stylus or needle point 0V, and connected with the diaphragm d in a manner to impart vibrations thereto.

Carried by the cabinet a'is an amplifier, horn or tone arm consisting of a bell 6 preferably concealed within said cabinet, and a tapered arm having substantially par.- allel sections e-=e and a connecting section 6 The axis of the section e is perpendicular to the plane of, and in axial alinement with, the diaphragm d and the section 6 is pivotally mounted with relation to the hell 6 in a manner to permit the raising. or lowering of the sound box for mounting a record upon the table I) or bringing the stylus (Z into engagement with the record.

The sound box 03 is provided with a sound outlet f in communication with the section e through a supplemental tone arm f slidably mounted in a bearing f carried by the said section's. To prevent a rotative moveor slidable tone arm f in the bearing f I provide the side of the sound box opposite to that from which the arm f extends, with an elongated support 9 slidably mounted in a-bearing g the axis of whichis alined with that of the bearing 7? Rigidly attached to respects to the arm f, the opposite ends thereof communicating with a sound outlet posite to the sound outlet opening f and with the section a" of an amplifier, horn or tone arm, similar to the section 6'.

- The section a" is in axial alinement with .the section 6 and supports the bearing'g in the same manner as the said section 6 supports the bearing 7. J

By means of the supplemental tone arm 9, sound waves are transmitted to a second amplifier, horn or tone arm consisting of a bell 2' opening adjacent the bell e, and a tapered arm having a section 2' parallel with the section 2" and in communication therewith through the section 2' The section 2' is pivotally mounted with relation to the bell 2' upon an axis co-incident with the axis of the pivotal connection between the section a and the bell c. I provide the bell ewith a mouth section j common to both said bells and opening outwardly of. the cabinet vide an amplifier, horn or tone arm mechanism having a single outlet opening and two branches communicating respectiveiy with sound outlet openings on opposite sides-of the diaphragm of a sound box. y

In raising or lowering the stylus from the record, both sections ez" have simultaneous similar movement, and the entire amplifier mechanism operates under identical conditions'so as to constitute inits entirety a single reproducing mechanism. If desired, one of the amplifiers, horns or tone arms may bedispensed with, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, although I prefer to use two tone arms as shown and described, as I have found that with relation to the bearing f or a resultant variance in the. effective angular relation of the stylus and the record, I provide means whereby the arm f is restricted to a movement axially thereof. This means preferably comprises one or more guide ways f in said arm, and ooperating means, as the balls f seated in fixed ball cups f carried by the second supplemental tone arm, similar in all To avoid binding of the supplemental opening 9 on the side of the diaphragm opthis construction results not only in greater amplitude, but better timbre, in the reproduction.

To secure the results above referred to, I

have found it necessary to so construct the sound box as'to form an air column of equal volume on opposite'sides of the diaphragm 0Z This I do'by inclosing both sides-of the sound box 'by the parallel walls lc-Z, provided respectively. with the sound outlet openings fg and the nipples 7aZ leading therefrom and opening into the supplemental tone arms fg respectively.

The diaphragm d is spaced away from the wall is the reouisite distance with its edge suitably supported. Parallel with the diaphragm d and spaced therefrom substantially the .same distance, as the diaphragm d is spaced from the Wall in, is an annulus m, the-opening m of which is of substantially the same size as, and alined with, the sound outlet 0 ening g. The'arm d projects through said openin m.

The annulus m is spaced sufliciently away from the wall Z to afford clearance for the free vibration of the arm d, the outer edge of the sound box having an opening n therein, through which the said .arm d passes. The opening n is so located with relation to the opening m and the latter opening is so located with relation 'to' the sound outletopening g, that there is little or no tendency of the sound waves to pass through said opening n. By this construction, I also avoid any openings in the amplifier, hornor tone arm intermediate the diaphragm and the sound outlet The edge of the annulus is suitably packed and insulated with relation to the SOllIldJ To insure the desired rigidity of the stylus or needle point d with relation to the arm d I provide said arm with a mount consisting of an enlarged hollow head 0 having a split end forming jaws o, the exterior of which is tapered and screw threaded, as shown; and a rotatable sleeve 0 v having screw threads cooperating with those on the a head 0. By this construction, the jaws may be closed firmly upon the stylus or needle point, and provide a contact surface of sufficient area to avoid any possible lost motion between the stylus or needle point and. the

mount. i

If it be found that the weight of the sound box, and the pivotally supported portions of the amplifiers, horns or tone arms, is sufficiently great to have the stylus or needle point bear with too much force upon the rec-' -ord, means maybe provided for sustaining a portion of the load of these parts. This means preferably consists of a socket, 'p hav inga depressible buffer 12' mounted therein. Acting to normally raise said bufl'er is a spring 17 The bufler -p' is so positioned as to engage either sections 6 or i when it is lowered to bring the stylus or needle point into engagement with the record.

The operation of the herein described phonograph is substantiallv as follows I In the following description of the operation of the herein described phonograph, it

'will be assumed that the double tone arm .structure is used, it being understood, however, as heretofore stated that, if desired, a single tone arm may be employed without departing from thespirit and scope of the invention.

When it is desired to place a record 0 upon the rotatable table I), the sound box (Z and its appurtenances are raised together with thepivotally movable portions of each amplifier, horn or tone arm. When the sound box is so raised as indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 2,the end of the stylus or needle point may be inserted within the jaws 0 and the sleeve 0 so'turned as to clamp said jaws firmly upon said stylus orneedle point.

- A record having been mounted upon said table, the sound box is lowered and the stylus or needle point (5 inserted in the groove of the record. I When it is necessary to use a yielding buffer for sustaining a portion of the load of the sound box. the section 6 will engage the buffer 70 before the stylus or needle point engages the record and thus limit the presvelop sound Waves which will pass direct to ;v the supplemental tone arms f and g and be transmitted therethrough to the sections ei of the main amplifiers, horns or tone arms.

During the rotation of the table 6 and the record 0, carried'thereby, the sound box will travel rectilineally across the record, by reason of the arrangement of the supports upon opposite sides of said sound box.

' The bar h will preserve the alinement of these supports. By supporting the sound box and the supplemental tone arm in the manner described,the stylus or needle point d is maintained at substantially a constant angle with relation to the record, any fluctuation in the plane of different portions of the recordbeing compensated for by the pivotal connections between the sections sa -i and the bells ec'. 1

By using the annulus m with the opening m alin'ed with the sound outlet openingi1 91,

I not only bring the column-of air upon t side of the diaphragm, into accord with the column of air upon-the. opposite side of the diaphragm and deliver the sound waves produced between said annulus and the diaphragm to a path which will insure the discharge of substantially all of them through the sound outlet opening 9 but provide clearance for the vibratory arm 03 without forming openings in the supplemental tone arm 9.

I have shown and described herein, the application of my invention to a gramophone machine wherein the sound box is propelled by and in accordance with the groove of the record. Itis not my intention, however, to limit the invention to use in connection with this type of phonograph as it may be readily adapted to other types without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

It is not my intention to limit the invention to the precise details of construction shown in the accompanying drawings, it being apparent that such may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having described the invention what I claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent is 1. A phonograph embodying therein a record support, a fixed bell, a tone arm pivotally mounted in relation to said bell and having a section above and projecting substantially parallel with the face of said support, a supplemental tone arm slidably and nonrotatably mounted in, axially alined with, and opening into, said tone armsection, a sound box carried by and movable with said supplemental tone arm and having the outlet 'openinothereof in axial alinement with said supplemental tone arm and in communication therewith, a diaphragm in said sound box, 'a vibratory arm operatively connected with "said diaphragm and adapted to support a stylus or needle point, a pivotal bearing in axial alinement with and spaced away from said first named tone arm section, an elongated support projecting from the side of said sound box oppo-' site to said supplemental 1 tone arm and seated in said bearin and movable with said sound box and said supplemental tone arm, and means whereby said sound box may be moved away from said support, or toward said support to bring the stylus or needle point into engagement with the groove of the record.

2. A phonograph embodying therein a rotatable record support, a fixed bel-l,-a tone arm pivotally mounted in relation to said bell and having a section above and projecting substantially parallel to the surface of said support, a bearing .carried by said tone arm section, a supplemental tone arm slidably and nonrotatably mounted in said bearing, and axially alined with, and opening into, said tone arm section, a sound box carried by and movable with said suppleea ers mental tone arm and having the outlet opening thereof in axial alinement with said supplemental tone arm and in communication therewith, a diaphragm in said sound box, a vibratory arm operatively connected with said diaphragm and adapted to support a stylus or needle point, a bearing in axial alinement with and spaced away from said first named bearing, an elongated support projecting from the side of said sound box opposite to said supplemental tone arm seated in said bearing and movable with said sound box and said supplemental tone arm, a distance bar connected to said bearings respectively, whereby they will be held in alinement, and means whereby said sound box may be moved away from said support, or toward said support to bring the, stylus or needle point into engagement with the groove of the record.

3. A phonograph embodying therein a rotatable record support, a fixed bell, a tone arm pivotally mounted in relation to said bell and having a section above and projecting substantially parallel with the face of said support, a supplemental tone arm slidably and nonrotatably mounted in, axially alined with, and opening into, said tone arm section, a sound box carried by and movable with said supplemental tone arm and having the outlet opening thereof in axial alinement with said supplemental tone arm and in communication therewith, a

diaphragm in said sound box, a vibratory arm operatively connected with said diaphragm and adapted to support a stylus or needle point, and means whereby said sound box may be moved away from said support or toward said support to bring the stylus or needle point into engagement with the groove'of the record.

4. A phonograph embodying therein a traveling record support, a fixed bell, a tone arm pivotally mounted in relation to said bell and having a section above and projecting substantially parallel with the face of said support, a bearing carried by said tone arm section, ball cups carried by said bearing, a ball mounted in each of said ball cups, a supplemental tone arm having elongated guide ways therein cooperating with said balls whereby said supplemental tone arm is slidably and nonrotatably mounted in said bearing, said supplemental tone arm being axially alined with, and opening into, said tone arm section, a sound box carried by and movable with said supplemental tone arm and having the outlet openin thereof in communication therewith, a diap ragm in said sound box, a vibratory arm operatively connected with said diaphragm and adapted to support a stylus or needle point, a pivotal bearing in axial alinement with and spaced away from said first named bearing,- ball cups carried by said bearing, a ball mounted in each of said ball cups, an' elongated support carried by and movable with said sound box, said support having guide slots thereini vcooperating with said last named bearing balls whereby said support is slidably mounted in said bearing, a distance bar connected to said bearings respectively whereby they will-be held in alinement, and means whereby said sound box may be moved away from said support, or toward said support to bring the stylus or needle point into engagement with the groove of the record.

5. A phonograph embodying therein a rotatable record support, a fixed bell, a tone arm comprising a movable portion consisting of parallel sections one of which is pivotally connectedwith said bell and the other of which is above and projects substantially parallel with the face of said support and an intermediate section connecting said parallel sections, a supplemental tone arm slidably and nonrotata'bly mounted in, axially alinedwith, and opening into, said tone arm section, a sound box carried by and movable with said supplemental tone arm and having the outlet opening thereof in axial-alinement with said supplemental tone arm and incom'munication phragm in said sound box and a vibratory arm operatively connected with said diaphragm and adapted. to support a stylus or needle-point. -f a 6. A phonograph embodying therein a rotatable record support, an amplifier having a plurality of like branches, a

ivotall connected with each of said bran'c es, sai tone arms each having'a section above and projectin substantially parallel with the face of sai support, said sections being in axial alinement one with the other,

a plurality of supplemental tone arms slid ably and nonrotatably mounted in, axially alined with and opemng into said tone arm sections respectively, a sound box carried by and movable with said supplemental tone arms and having jan 'outlet "opening upon opposite sides thereof in communication with said supplemental tone arms respectively, a diaphragm in said sound box vibratory stylusor needle point and means said'sound said support, or toward said sup'ortto' therewith, a dia-' tone '- .phragm in said sound box,

oint into engagee record.

tion' above and projecting substantially parallel with the face of sections being in axial alinement one with the other, axially alined bearings carried by said sections respectively a plurality of supplemental tone arms shdably and nonrotatably mounted in said bearings respectively, said supplemental tone arms being axially alined with and opening into said sald support, said tone arm sections respectively, a sound box carried by and movable with said supplemental tone arms and ing upon opposite sides thereof in communication with saidsupplemental tone arms respectively, a diaphragm in said sound box, a vibratory arm operatively connected with said diaphragm and adapted to support a stylus or needle point, and means whereby said sound-box may be moved away from said support, or toward said support, to bring the stylus'or needle point into engagement with the 'groove of the record.

8. A phonograph embodying therein a rotatable record support, a tone arm comprising a fixed portion and a movable portion pivotally'connected therewith, said last- .a section prqecting' named portion having substantially parallel with the face of said support, a supplemental tone arm slidably and nonrotatay mounted in, axiall ahned with, and opemng into said movale tone arm ortion, asound ox carried by and mova 1e with said supplemental tone arm and having the outlet opening thereof in axial alinement with said supplementaltone arm and in communication therewith a diaand a vibratory arm operatively connected phragm and adapted to support a stylus or Kneedle point;

'In testimony whereof I have ed my v a signature in presence-of two witnesses. arm operatively connected with;

said diaphragm and adaptedto support a; whereby box may be moved awayafrom MOSES STUART LEVUSSOVE. Witnesses: l OrroMmsx,-

. CLARKE with said dia-,

having an outlet open.

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