US1278965A

US1278965A - Silencer.

Info

Publication number: US1278965A
Application number: US11672016A
Authority: US
Inventors: Roy J Mackenzie; Lucien L Haas
Original assignee: BUFFALO PRESSED STEEL Co
Current assignee: BUFFALO PRESSED STEEL Co
Priority date: 1916-08-24
Filing date: 1916-08-24
Publication date: 1918-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 1935-09-17

Description

R. J. 'MAcKENZlE & L. L. HAAS.

SILENCER.

APPLICATION HLED AUG-24. 1916.

Patented Sept. 17,1918

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Ra J. MACKENZIE Ann LUCIEN L. HAAS, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS To BUFFALO PRESSED STEEL COMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

SILENCER To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ROYJ. MAoKENzIE andLUCIEN L. H'AAS, citizens of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Silencers, of'which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to mutllers or silencers such as are connected with the exhausts of internal combustion engines for reducing the noise incident to the explosions. These devices ordinarily comprise a casing through which the exhaust gases from the engine pass, and battles of some sort in the casing which intercept the gases or prevent the direct flow of the same through the casing.

One object of this inventionis to produce a practical and efii-cient silencer of this character which will give the maximum silencing effect with the minimum back pressure and which is so constructed that the parts can be manufactured and assembled with the minimum expense and labor and so that the parts can expand and contract freely under the changes in temperature to which they are subjected in use while nevertheless being held firmly in place and prevented from rattling. Another object is to produce a construction enabling the parts of the silencer to be made at small expense from sheet metal and secure together without. the use of bolts or other additional fastening devices.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a silencer embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section thereof showing the battles in section and the slpacing pieces removed.

Figs. 3 and 41 are transverse sectional elevations thereof on lines 3-3, and 4-4, Fig.

1, -respectively, looking in the directions in-.

dicated by the arrows.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary transverse'sectional elevation thereof on line 5-5, Fig. 1, in the direction indicated by the arrow.

The casing of the silencer is preferably composed of a cylindrical open ended sheet metal body 1 and sheet metal ends or heads 2 and 3 which are secured in thebody by spinning or turning the ends of the latter REISSUED Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 1'7, 1918. Application filed August 24, 1916.

Serial No. 116,720.

over marginal flanges 4 on the heads. By thus securing the heads in the cylinder a flangeden(:l casing of strong rigid construct n is produced and the heads can be forced toward each other by the spinning of the ends of the body to the extent necessary to compress and firmly hold together the parts in the cylinder as hereinafter explained. 5 and 6 indicate respectively inlet and dis charge t-ubes'o'r connections on the opposite ends of the casing. These tubes are preferably fixed in holes in the ends of the casing by proi iding beads 7 on the tubes and flang- .ing or spinnlng the ends of the tubes to clamp the edges of the holes in the heads tightly between the beads and flanges.

8 represents batlies or plates, of which there are a plurality arranged crosswise in the casing at suitable intervals, and 9 is an inner or silencing tube or cylinder extending lengthwise in, the casing between two of the baflie plates and forming an annular space 10 in the casing around the inner tube.

The bafiie plates which are preferably sheet. metal stampings, are formed with dished or frusto-conical central portions .11 and the two batfle plates at the ends of the silencing tube 9 are oppositely arranged with their dished central ortions extending into the ends of the tube whereby the latter is held in place.

The battle plates 8 are spaced from each other and from the ends of the casing by spacing rings or devices 12 and 13 which are preferably formed by zig-zag strips of sheet metal bent into and secured in circular or ring shape. The walls of these rings are corrugated lengthwise and are bowed so that the spacing rings are of smaller diameter' at their ends than between their ends.-

The spacing devices bear at their ends against the baflie plates, or against the baffle plates and ends of the casing in the case of the two devices located at the ends of the casing, and bear between their ends against the cylindrical wall of the casing. When the parts are placed in the casing and the ends of the casing spun over the flanges of the heads 2 and 3 to secure the latter, the spacing devices are compressed 'endwise and bulged or expanded crosswise so as to fit snugly in the casing and bear firmly against the baflie plates and ends of the easing, and the extent of this COIHPI'QSSIOII is determined as required by the amount which the ends of the casing are spun over. The spacing devices are resilient and act as springs to hold the baiile plates and silencing tube in connection and in place in the casing and to permit expansion and contraction of the parts due to changes in temperature without, allowing the parts to become loose or to rattle. In assembling the parts it is thus only necessary to place them n the proper order in the casing and spin over the ends of the casing to secure them, and no bolts or other fastening devices are required This greatly simplifies the labor and expense of assembling and reduces the number and cost of the parts. The spacing device 12 between the inlet end of the casing and the first baffle plate is ordinarily longer than the other spacing devices and provides a large expansion chamber 14 for.

the gases in advance of the silencing tube. The openings between the staggered points at opposite ends of the spacing devices permit the passage of gases, and the spacing devices therefore also act as silencing devices or battles to the fiow'of the gases.

The bafiie plates and silencing tube 9 are provided with holes or openings for the passage of the gases, the number and arrangement of the holes being such asto break up the gases into numerous small streams which fiow in differentor opposing directions and more or less intercept or conflict with each other, thereby resulting in a thorough breaking up and churning of the gases in the easing. As shown, the baffle plate at the inlet end of the inner tube 9 has holes 15, which may be of any suitable number and size, in its central portion so as to direct the gases into the inner tube, and the other holes 15 in their central portions and in addition are provided in their outer portions with two series of slits l6 and partially punched-out parts or vanes 17 which face in opposite directions and cause the streams of gases passing through the slits to flow in opposite or conflicting directions in the casing. The inner tube is also provided with two or more circumferential rows of analogous slits 18 and vanes 19, the vanes in one series facing oppositely to those of the next series so as to cause. the streams of gases passing through the slits to whirl in opposite directions in the space 10 around,

the silencing tube.

The number and spacing of the bafiie plates and the lengths of the spacing devicesand of thesilencing tube may be varied to suit different engines, the numbers and proportioning of the parts depending upon the requirements of the engines with which the silencers are to be used. Likewise-the therein providing passages for gases, and spacing devices arranged between the baflies and between the ends of the casing and the adjacent batiies, said spacing devices consisting of compressible and expansible rings which bear at their ends against said battles and the ends of the casing and between their ends against the walls of the casing.

3. A silencer comprising" a casing, spaced battles therein providing passages for gases, and devices'for spacing the bafiles in the casing each consisting of an annular zig-zag strip which is bowed longitudinally.

4. A silencer comprising a casin. spaced baflles therein providing passagesor gases, and devices for spacing the bafiles in the casing each consisting of an annular zigzag strip which is corrugated longitudinal and is bowed outwardly between its ends to ward the walls of the casing.

5. A silencer comprising a casing, spaced baflies therein providing passages for gases,

and a tube whlch is arranged lengthwise in said casing between two of'said bafiies and forms an annular space in the casin said tube having passages for the gases an parts which cause the gases to whirl in opposite directions in said annular passage. bafile plates are similarly provided with 6. A silencer comprising a casin spaced bafiies therein providing passages or gases, and a tube which is arranged lengthwise in said casing between two of said bafiies and forms an annular space in the casing, said tube having passages for the gases and said tube and baiiies having parts which cause the gases to whirl in opposite directions in the casing.

7. A silencer comprising a casing, spaced bafiles therein providing passa es for gases,

. having projecting portions entering the ends of said tube, and meansfor pressing said baiiles yicldingiy toward the ends of said tube for holding the parts firmly together.

9. A silencer comprising a casing having a body and heads, bafiles in the casing. yielding means for spacing the battles and yieldingly resisting movement of said bafilcs toward each other, and means at one end of the casing for forcing one of said heads inwardly to compress the parts in the casing between the heads of the casing.

10. A silencer comprising a casing having a body and heads, baffles in the casing, and yielding means for spacing the bafiies and yieldingly resisting movement of said bafiies toward each other, one end of said body being spun over for securing the adjacent head on the casin and compressing the parts in the casing tween the heads of the casing.

11. A silencer comprising a casing. and spaced baflies in the casin providing passages for gases, said bafiies consisting of sheet metal plates having perforated dished central portions, and surrounding outer portions having openings therethrough and vanes adjacent said openings which face alternately in substantially opposite tangential directions for causing the gases to whirl in opposite directions in the casing.

12. A silencer comprising a casing, bafiies therein providing passages for gases, and compressible and expansible devices arranged between said baflies and acting to space said baiiies and yieldingly resist relative movement thereof, and means for holding the parts with said devices under compression.

13. A silencer comprising a casing, baflies therein providing passages for gases, and

compressible and eXpansible devices arranged between said baiiles and acting to space said battles and yieldingly resist relative movement thereof, and means for holding the parts with said devices under compression, said devices also providing passages forthe gases and acting as bafiies.

Witness our hands, this 18th day of Au gust, 1916.

ROY J. MAcKENZIE. LUCIEN L. HAAS.

Witnesses:

THEODORE C. WILLIS, E. E. SPANGLE.