US1272180A - Muffler. - Google Patents

Description

H: ANDRESEN.

MUFFLER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1917.

Patented July 9, 1918.

Ill/VE/VTOR 4 R F/Em UNITED STASPA nALvon ANDRESEN, on NEW YORK, n. r, essrenon w Tnn oonrone'rron.

or ion.

VACUUM MUFFLER nnrrnnn.

Patented July 9, 1918.

Application filed June 26, 1917. serial No. N7967- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I HALVOR Axmuasnx, a subject of the King of Norway, and a resident of the'borough of Manhattan, in the city of New York. county and State of New1York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Mufljlers, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to mufliers for use with internal combustlon engines or in fact forwardly extending members into an outer receiving space or conduction chamber which increases gradually in cross-section in passing toward the discharge opening of the mumer.

The outwardly and forwardly extending Inembersfrequently hereinafter referred to as deflecting members or platesgradually recede from each other in passing from the central portion of the mufiler toward the mufiier discharge opening. This receding from each other is gradual and relatively small. due to the angle which each deflecting member as a whole makes relatively to the radial line passing through the center of the initial receiving space and the'inner or rear end of each member. The forward or outer or discharge ends of the members are arranged in the form of a circle about the center of the initial receiving space and each of these ends makes a comparatively small angle with the line indicating the general direction or flow of gases that travel along through the conduction chamber on the way to the discharge opening of the muifier. These outwardly and forwardly extending members in efl'ect constitute nozzle members. The gases passing from one nozzle thus formed will flow pastthe delivery end of the succeeding nozzle and will tend to suck gases from the succeeding nozzles.

Further functions and advantages of my improved muffler construction will hereinafter more fully appear.

As illustrating a specific embodiment of the invention reference ismade to the ac companying drawing which forms a part,-

T he muffler embraces a suitable casing I which may be considered to comprlse spaced heads A and B and a side wall C. The head A may be arbitrarilyreferred to as the rear head and the head B as the forward head since the incoming gases first pass through head A and flow forwardly toward head B. This nomenclature, however, it will be understood is as above indicated merely an arbitrary one which is adopted for convenience in this case. The side wall (1 may be considered to start at 1 continue along a curved path to 2, 3. 4, X 5, 6 and finally return to 1 thereby forming an inclosed exterior curved side wall. This curved side wall C can be formed partially on the head A. as, for instance, of the portion ca, and partially on the head B as of portion 0?). it, will be readily appreciated, however, that the side wall C can be an independent member placed between the opposing heads.

In the construction shown the side wall portion 0?) is provided with a rib cc which enters a groove (1? in the side wall portion ca. This side wall C is spiral in form, as will be noted from-an inspection of Fig. 1 of the drawing. The head A is provided with a tubular projection D to which the exhaust pipe of a hydrocarbon engine may be connected and the incoming gases flow through the inlet opening TN of the tubular projection D into the central chamber or initial receiving space 13 located within the'central portion of the mufie'r casing. The forward end of this initial receiving space E is defined by a conical portion F which extends rearwardly from the forward head B so that the apex 7" of said cone F extends into the receiving space E. This conical portion- F serves to turn and deflect laterally the incoming gases, which are traveling forwardly in a longitudinal direction, and this turning or deflecting of the incoming gases is more or less gradual due to the conical portion F which is in the form of a smooth curve.

The sides or peripheral portions of the receiving space are defined by the rear ends 9 of the series G of equally spaced curved deflecting members or plates. The rear or inner ends 9 of the several deflecting plates or members cooperate to provide what may be termedfa slotted wall that defines the peripheral portion of the initial receiving space and from which wall deflecting plates or members extend outwardly in a manner to guide and control the gases when in transit from the initial receiving space on their Way to the conduction chambeiz Alternate deflecting members or plates as G are carried on the rear head A while the other set of alternating members or plates as G are carried on the forward head B. These deflecting members or plates are not only carried on the heads as just indicated but in fact are preferably east on and constitute a part of-the' member of which the head also constitutes a part. The deflecting members carried by each head extend to the opposite head so that each deflecting member will constitute a-vane extending from one head to the other. Alternating deflecting plates being carried byeach head permit the deflecting plates to be spaced a sufficient dis- 1 tance apart, to allow the making without difliculty of-a proper casing.

One of these deflecting members, for -in stance Gm, extends to the side wall. In fact the member (urw may be considered .a continuation of the side wall or the side wall may be considered as a continuation of this particular deflecting member and the two together constitute a part of a spiral starting at continuing to 1, 2, 3, 4, X 5, which spiral is a portion extendingv from X -to X that gradually recedes from the center in passing from X to X. The outer with the exception of the member Ga:-are

all circularly arranged in respect to the center of the initial receiving space E which center is practically coincident with the apex f of the cone F and it will also be observed that said outer ends Y--with the exception of the member Gware spaced from the curved side wall C. Between the outer ends of these deflecting members and the side wall C on the one hand and'the heads A and B on the other hand there? is defined a gradually increasing conduction chamber Z through which the gases flow toward the muflier discharge opening D0 in the direction indicated by the arrows 2 2 2 2* 2.22.

This conduction chamber Z gradually increases in cross-sectional area up to approximately Z after which it is slightly contracted, thus making a construction which is more harmonious in appearance than would be the case if the gradual increase in cross-sectional area of the conduction chamber Z, extended to the muffler discharge opening DO. Moreover, it is desirable to have the area of the discharge more nearly approximate the area of the inlet opening IN that is provided within the tubular projection D. These several deflecting members or plates are uniformly spaced and symmetrically arranged and each is in the form of a spiral. The rear or inner ends of the series G of the deflecting members or plates are spaced so as to provide between them a number of narrow slots g 9 etc., corresponding to the number of deflecting plates between which the gases flow forwardly in passing from the initial receiving space E on their outward 'path through the mufiier and the gases are deflected by the forward ends of these deflecting members or plates so that they make a relatively small angle as M with the path of flow of the gases along the spiral conduction chamber which last mentioned path is indicated by the ar rows 2 .2 etc.

These deflecting members or plates may be considered to define a series of nozzles,

gases from subsequent-nozzles. The nozzles ,doing work in assisting the withdrawal of are constructed so as to allow the gases to expand to atmospheric pressure or nearly so. They are also constructed so that the suction effect of each preceding nozzle will be taken advantage of as far as possible in assisting the withdrawal of gases through the subsequent nozzles. v

' As previously indicated the nozzle providing members, to wit, the deflecting members or plates, are curved at their outer ends so that they will discharge the gases, into the conduction chamber at a small angle and in a direction to make a smooth, undisturbed flow through the conduction chamber. \Vhile it is not absolutely necessary that the discharge. ends of the deflecting memberswhich define the nozzlesbe arranged in a circle yet it will be manifest from an in-- spection of the drawing that this is a prac-- tical construction and this is the preferred form. Due to the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 it will be observed that the gases tend to have a uniform flow and expansion from the time they enter the initial receiving chamber E until they are ready for dis charge from the conduction chamber Z.

Tn the operating of a gas engine it is in the short moment or period from the opening of the exhaust valvewhich takes place when the piston is near the bottom of the cylinderand until the pressure in the cylinder is reduced to atmospheric pressure that the sharp noise results from the exhaust. In this short period the gases at the delivery ends of the nozzles X W. etc, have a higher velocity than in the following discharge of the gases from the cylinder,

due to the upward movement of-the piston from its bottom position to its highest position. I This first sudden'blast of gases leaves several nozzles at the same moment but due to the fact that the gases must travel different distances to the delivery end of the over, the gases discharged from the nozzles N N etc., will have a suction eflt'ectupon the gases discharged from the subsequent nozzles thus accelerating the flow of the gases from subsequent nozzles and causing a corresponding retardation of the flow of ,fler. .A line passing through the center F gases from the preceding nozzles, which lastmentioned gases have the longest distance to travel.

It will be observed from Fig. l of the drawing that the gases which first pass through, for example, the slots g 9 gradually increase in volume in passing toward the delivery end of the nozzles N N and flow into the entrance end of the conduction chamber Z. The cross-sectional area of this conduction chambergradually increases so that in any particular cross-section in the conduct-ion chamber the area of the cross-section approximates or becomes a function of the combined cross-sectional ,area of the delivery ends of the preceding nozzles and in this way there is a uniform expansion of the to the time they are ready for delivery through the discharge opening of the mufwhich will be considered the center of the:

muflier, and, through the inner end of any one of the deflecting members or plates of the series G will show that each deflecting mem' ber or plate as a whole is approximately at right angles to said radial line. The inner end of the deflecting member or plate makes an obtuse augleP with its said radial line while the deli ery end of the same deflecting member makes an acute angle R with the same radial line,

This angle R is approximately the angle 12 which the discharge end of this deflecting member makes relative to the path of flow of the gases through the conduction chamber Z. In regard to the construction of the parts so that the flow will be gradually increased from the time of leaving the slotted portion 9 to the time the gases are ready for discharge from the muffler, this can be readily calculated by a person desiring to construct the mutfler so as to embody the invention herein described.

In the construction shown the muffler is made in two halves held together by bolts 5- The details of construction of the muffler may be readily followed without departing from the spirit and scope of the inven tion.

What I claim is:

1. A mutfler of the class described comprising a casing having spaced heads and a spiral side wall, which casingis provided with inlet and discharge openings, said muffler also comprising a series of uniformly spaced deflecting plates one of which plates merges into and becomes a continuation of the spiral side wall, the inner ends of said deflecting plates providing the peripheral portion of a centrally located initial receiving space into which the gases from the inlet opening flow, the outer end portions of said deflecting plates and the wall portion of the casing on the one hand and the spaced heads on the other providing a conduction chamber that gradually increases in crosssectional area along the line of flow.

2. A muffler of the class described comprising in combination spaced heads, a caswhich define a centrally located initial receiving space from which incoming gases pass through slots, between the inner ends of said deflecting plates, into the spaces between said deflecting plates, there being be tween the outer ends of said deflecting plates and the wall formation a conduction chamber leading to the discharge opening of the muffler which conduction chamber gradually increases in cross-sectional area in passing toward the discharge opening, the ends of said deflecting plates being constructed and arranged so that each makes an acute angle with the direction of flow of the gases passing by it.

4. A muflier of the class described com-- prising in combination spaced heads, a splral-shaped side wall, a serles of unlformly spaced deflecting plates the inner ends of which plates define the peripheral portion of an initial receiving space, the outer ends of'said deflecting plates being arranged relative to the side wall'so that there is between said deflecting plates and said side wall a conduction chamber that gradually increases in crow-sectional area in passing toward a discharge opening of the.

muflier, each deflecting plate being constructed so that the inner end thereof makeS an obtuse angle with the radial line passlng through the center of the initial receiving space to the inner end of the deflecting plate, the outer end of said deflectingplate making an acute angle with the same radial portion of an initlal receiving space or I chamber, one of said deflecting plates extendin to said wall and in efiect becoming a contlnuation thereof, the outer ends of said deflecting plates and the wall on the one hand and the spaced heads on the other defining a. conduction chamber through which the gases flow 'after passing the deflecting plates'on the way to the discharge opening of the muflier. v

6. A muflier having a casin which is provided with the necessary in ct and discharge openings, which casing comprises spaced heads and a spiral-shaped inclosing side wall, said mufiier having a series of uniformly spaced deflecting members or plates one of which is in effect a continua tion of the side wall, the outer ends of said spaced deflecting plates being arranged in a circular path about the center of an inltial receiving space, which receiving space is defined by the inner ends of said deflecting plates, and into which initial receiving space the gases are received from the inlet opening of the mufiier, the construction being such that between the outer ends of the deflecting member and the spiral side wall there is provided a conduction chamber which gradually increases in volume in passing toward the discharge opening of the muflier.

"Z'. A inufiier of the class described comprising a casing having spaced heads and a curved side wall, which casing is provided curve space into which the gases fromthe inlet opening flow, the outer end portions of said deflecting plates and the wall portion of the casing on the one hand and the spaced heads on the other providing a conduction'cham-- ber leading to the discharge opening.

8. A muflier of the class described com-- prising in combination spacedheads, a casing side wall, a series of uniformly-spaced curved deflecting plates one of which ex tends to or merges into the side wall and the others of which are arranged so that the outer ends thereof are spaced from the casing side wall whereby there is provided a conduction chamber leading to the muflier discharge.

9. A mufiler of th class described comprisin in combination spaced heads, a

side wall, a series of uniformlyspaced deflecting plates or members extending'outwardly from a slotted wall defining the peripheral portion of an initial receiving space, the outer ends of said deflecting plates being arranged relative to the side wall so that there is between said deflecting plates and said side wall a conduction chamber leading toward a discharge opening of the mufiler,. each deflecting plate being constructed so that the inner end thereof makes an obtuse angle with the radial line passing through the center of the initial receiving space to the inner end of the deflecting plate, the outer end of said deflecting plate making an acute angle with the same radial line, one of said deflecting plates or members being constructed so that it extends to the side Wall.

10. A mufiier having a casing which is provided with inlet and dischargeepenings, which casing comprises spaced heads and a curved inclosing side wall, said m-uflier having a series of uniformly-spaced deflect-ing members or plates one of which is in effect a continuation of the side wall, the outer ends of the other of said spaced deflecting plates being spaced from said inclosing side wall, said muflier having an initial receiving space into which the gases are received from the muffler inlet opening, which inlet or receiving space is partially defined by the inner ends of said deflecting plates, the muffler construction being such that be tween the outer ends of the deflecting mem-' bers and the side wall there is a conduction chamber for the gases flowing toward the discharge opening.

11. A mufiler having a casing provided with inlet and discharge openings, which casing comprises spaced heads and an inclosing side Wall, said mufller having a series of spaced deflecting members or plates one of which extends to the side Wall, the outer ends of the other of said spaced deflecting plates being spaced from 'said inclosing side wall, said muffler having an initial receiving space into which the gases are received from the muffler inlet opening, the peripheral portion of which inlet or receiving Space is defined by a slotted Wall, the mufller construction being such -that between the outer ends of the deflecting members and the side Wall there is a conduction chamber for the gases flowing toward the discharge 15 opening.

This specification signed and witnessed this 25th day of June, A; D., 1917. HALVOR AN DRESEN Signed in the presence of EDWIN A. PACKARD G. MOGRANN.

Images