US1267446A - Smoke-consuming furnace. - Google Patents

Description

O. D. ORVIS.

SMOKE CONSUMING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23, 1916.

1,267,446. Patented May 28,1918. I {a 5% 7 4 &4

OOOOOOOOOO 0O OC) f ATTORNEYS ST T.

ORLAND 1). onvrs, or NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 ANNIE n. onvrs, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

SMOKE-CONSUMING FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 28, 1918.

Application filed October 23, 191G. Serial No. 127,115.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ORLAND D. Onvis, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, county and State of New York, have in vented a certain new and useful Smoke-Consuming Furnace, of which the following is a specification.

This invention pertains to furnaces for steam boilers, the essential feature of which consists of means for feeding steam and air into the products of combustion whereby the additional oxygen thus supplied conuniugles with the gaseous products and results in burning the carbon present in the smoke, thus securing an increased heating eifect of the resulting gases which flow out of the stack or uptake in a thin substantially colorless vapor.

According to the present invention the flue rearwardly of the furnace chamber is divided by the presence of piers and arches erected upon the bridgewall and positioned below the boiler so as to produce a plurality (two or more) of flues or throats through which the gaseous products of combustion are free to flow into the flue extending rearwardly beneath the boiler, whereby the escaping gases impinge the piers and arches as well as the bridgewall so as to become broken up in a measure and operate to heat up the material composing said piers and arches. Incased within the bridgewall, arches and piers so as to be protected thereby against the destructive efiects of the heat and gases, are blast pipes which are arranged to substantially surround the individual flues or throats and are adapted to be supplied from a common feed pipe with steam and air.

A distinctive feature of the invention resides in the provision of blast outlets or nozzles so related to the lines or throats as to direct the steam and air in crossing paths with respect to the direction of flow of the gases through said flues or throats. Said blast outlets or nozzles are positioned to direct the steam and air through the top, bottom and opposite walls bounding the flues 0r throats, said blasts crossing or intersecting about in the middle of the fines or throats. Preferably, the vertical pipes e1nbedded in the piers have the outlets or nozzles inclined to a central line drawn fore and aft through the throats or fines, and thus the outlets or nozzles direct the blasts in inclined paths converging rearwardly with respect to he line of flow of the gases. The blasts from the nozzles thus intercept the outflowing gases in a manner to break up the currents and insure a thorough mixture of the steam and air with the gaseous products, thus supplying oxygen for burning the carbon in the smoke, and at the same time the steam and air thus blown into the escaping gases flow in the direction rearwardly from the furnace chamber, as a result of which the draft is increased to an appreciabl extent.

The blast pipes are thoroughly incased within the brickwork in order to minimize the destructive efiect of the heat and gases upon the metal pipes. The piers and arches can be readily erected upon the bridgewall and the blast pipes installed therein without resorting to skilled labor, thus enabling the smoke consumer to be applied economically to furnaces now in existence or to be built into new furnaces.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings, where.in

' Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a furnace embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section on the line 22 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section illustrating diagrammatically the inclined converging lines of flow of the steam and air from the nozzles in the piers.

Fig. 4 is a detail of one blast pipe showing a preferred form of the nozzle.

The grate 10 within the fire chamber 11 is forwardly of the bridgewall 12, and over the fire chamber and the bridgewall extends the boiler 13, all of which are or may be usual in the art. As shown, the bridge wall is provided on its upper surface with a curved breast 14.

The space or flue between the bridgewall and the boiler is divided by piers 15 and arches 16 into a series of fines or throats 17, whereby the gaseous products flowing over the bridgewall are in a measure divided or broken up by the piers and arches. Any desired number of piers 15 may be erected, upon the bridgewall, but as shown in Fig. 2, i I employ two piers positioned equidistantly from each other, and each pier positioned for a like distance from the side wall of the fire chamber. The piers extend upwardly' from the bridge wan-and support the arches 16, from which arches rises the 5 usual wall 18 for the boiler 18, said piers and arches extending rearwardly "along the brid-gewall for a suitable distance, as shown in Fig. 1. It is apparent that the piers and arches are composed of firebrick or other Vitreous material suitable for the pur ose, and,- further, that piers and arches may be installedeasily and quickly in existing furnac'es or in new furnaces.

A blast pipe 20 extends horizontally across the hridgewa'll and is embedded'bel'ow the itop surface thereof, said blast pipe being pro'videdWvith' a' feed? pipe 21 through wh'ichsteainlandf air are blown by any suitable means. Rising from 'tl1e'blast pipe are vertical 'pip'es22, 23,"'and connected to the "npperends'ot' the vertical pipes is another horizontal 'pipe 24, the pipes 20, 22, 23 and 24Lbeing preferably in the same vertical plane and all'of said pipes being connected 25 by' appropriate fittings, such as elbows and "T-connections. The upper horizontal pipe 241- is' in'ca'sed Within the masonry of the arches 16 and vertical wall 18,"whereas the pip 'es'22 are installedwithin'the side walls of theffurnace, and pipes 23 a're"incased Withinthemasonry' of piers 15, all as clearly shown'in Fig. 2. The pipes 20,22,23 and 24,"are arranged so" as to extend substan t/ially around the individual throats or fines 17, although said pipes are incased Within the masonry ott'the' furnace so as to beprotected fromthe deteriorating influence of the heat by said masonry.

The;'l'oWe1*"'pipe 20 is provided with a seriesbfnpwardly facing outlets or nozzles theupper pipe 2& is provided with anotliei"seriesof ontlets'or nozzles 26 which face downwardly, said nozzles 25,26 'ofthe lower-pipe 'andthe upper pipe respectively being arranged obliquely to the line of flow oftliegaseons products between the piers;

the pipes 22 inthe side walls are provided with "horizontally ppositioned' outlets 27 which face toward theside fines 17' and the vertical pipes 23 are provided With outlets "01- nozzles 28, 29 "InFig. 4 of the drawings th'efblast outlet is shown in the form of es/316 30 attached to a T-coupling 31 forming a-"part of one of'the blastpipes, 'said nozzle having acnrved mont1i'32 which is formed with a slot 33 the direction of the slot' in 'said "nozzle being approximately parallel to the axisofthepipe to Which the nozzle attached. It'is preferred to' use a 50 nozzle of the formjshown in Fig. 4:, but it willbe nnderstoodthat I reserve the right to" nse'iany desired or appropriate nozzle. The outlets or nozzles from the blast pipes are positioned"in-suitable openings 34 pro vid'ed' in'the masonry,as shown in Fig; 3.

The blast outlets or nozzles of the series or pipes are so positioned with respect to each line or throat 17 that the infl'o'wing alr is directed across the'throat or fine, the air flowing from said outlets or nozzles in "directions -to "intersect within the threat.

The nozzles 28, 29 of pipes 23 are inclined to the direction of flow of the gaseous products through the fines Or throats 17, and

thus the air supplidby the nozzles 28, 29

converges rearwardly of thepiers, theef- 'fect of which is to inject'aiir into the'gaj'seous' products in the direction of theinontflow from the grate chamber and to'lncrease the draft 'throl'igh sa1d"grate chamber to a material"extent. Similarlyjthe nozzles in all the pipes should be"positioned' 'todirect the "inflowing'air' in paths inclined to the line of flow of the gases, for thejpurposes stated.

and bridgewallbecome heated by contact 'ofthe lgasestherewith. Air'is blown by any suitable appliance into the pipe 20 and thence distributed through the ipes22, 23,

2 lfthe air flowing through theseveral ontlets o1" nozzles directly into the flnes or throats 17. j The air from the 'bottom' and top pipes is blownacross the fines or'throats,

whereas the" air' from"the' Vertic'alpipes is blown across the and in" the case of the- nozzles 28, 29"t'he air flows'in inclined paths converging rearwardly of the piers. By blowingthe' airinto the flnes from"the severaldirections it is clear that the air currents'cross and intersectwithin the fines, and thus the 'HlllO'WIIIg" airbrea ksup' the currents of the'gaseons products and isintermingled thoroughly therewith,the additionaloXy'gen thnssupplied burning "the carbon inthe smoke.

As shown in'Fig. 3, the blastnozzl'es in twoad aeent' piers are horizontallyarranged so as to partake of an inclined relation to the lme of flow or the gases into and'throngh' the chamber or space intervening said'piers; injother words, the blast nozzles ononetside of the chamber or space 'arein'chned in' o'ne direction, whereas the blast nozzles on "the opposite side of the space orchamber are inclined oppositely was first named nozzles, said" oppositely positionedm'o'zzles oc cnpying a converging relation rearwardfly of the space or chamber; whereby the blasts pro]'ected"throngh said nozzles converge] rearwardly {of the chamber as graphically depicted'by thedotted lines in Fig. 3. In a similar mann'er, the nozzles at the bottom of tliechamber and the nozzles atthe arch or top of the chamber are inclined :toward' llO .gases through the space or chamber.

each other and toward the line of flow of the Asa result of the inclination of the nozzles,.the

blasts of steam and air are projected into,

the chambers or spaces between the piers so that the blasts impinge the outflowing furnace gases in a manner not only to intensify the heat but to break up the currents of gases. In my invention the nozzles are provided with elongated blast outlets in the form of slots so as to obtain a sheet of steam and air as distinguished from a mere jet, and as the sheets of steam and air spread out and are projected at high speed and in inclined paths across the outfiowing furnace gases, the sheets from the nozzles thus intersect across the line of flow of the gases, with the result that the steam and air cover the cross sectional area of the space or chamber, thus increasing the efliciency of operation of the apparatus.

Furthermore, the arched roofs to the spaces or chambers between the piers act to reflect the heat upon the converging sheets of steam and air, and, further, the spaces or chambers between the piers extend for appreciable or substantial distances rearwardly from the front face of the bridgewall, the effect of which is to thoroughly commingle the infiowing steam and air with the furnace gases and to secure combustion of the gases to such a marked degree as to obtain great economy in the consumption of fuel and increased steaming capacity in the boiler.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a furnace, the combination with a bridgewall, of a plurality of piers erected upon said bridgewall and extending rearwardly from the front thereof so as to produce intervening combustion chambers of appreciable width and depth over said bridgewall, nozzles positioned in the sides of the combustion chambers and in inclined relation to the line of flow of the furnace gases through said combustion chambers, the nozzles at the respective sides of each chamber being inclined oppositely to each other and operating to direct sheets of steam and air in converging paths within the respective chambers and rearwardly of the front portion of the bridgewall, and a supply conduit communicating with said nozzles.

2. In a furnace, the combination with a bridgewall, of a plurality of piers and arches erected upon said bridgewall and extending rearwardly from the front thereof so as to produce combustion chambers of appreciable width and depth extending rear- Wardly from the front part of the brid ewall, nozzles positioned in the sides of t e combustion chamber and in inclined relation to the line of flow of the furnace gases through said combustion chambers the arched roofs of which reflect the heat downwardly, the nozzles at the respective sides of each combustion chamber being inclined in opposite directions to each other and operating to direct sheets of steam and air on lines converging within the respective combustion chambers and rearwardly of the front portion of the bridgewall, and a supply conduit communicating with said nozzles.

3. Ina furnace, the combination with a bridgewall, of a plurality of piers erected upon the bridgewall and extending rearwardly from the front portion thereof and spaced to produce combustion chambers of appreciable width and depth extending rearwaridly from said front portion of the bridgewall, blastnozzles positioned in the sides of the combustion chambers and in inclined relation to the line of flow of the furnace gases through said combustion chambers, said nozzles on one side of each combustion chamber being inclined in an opposite direction to the inclination of the nozzles on the opposite side of the chamber and each nozzle having a blast outlet in the form of a slot so that the nozzles direct sheets of steam and air on converging lines within the respective combustion chambers and rearwardly of the front portion of the bridgewall, and a supply conduit communicating with said nozzles.

a. In a furnace, the combination with a bridgewall, of a plurality of piers erected thereon and spaced to produce combustion chambers the roofs of which are arched and which chambers are of such dimensions as to extend for appreciable distances rearwardly from the front portion of the bridge wall, nozzles positioned in the sides of the combustion chambers and ineased in the piers, arched roofs and bottoms of the com-' bustion chambers, said nozzles on one side of the chamber being inclined oppositely to the nozzles on the opposite side of the chamher and all the nozzles being inclined to the line of flow of the furnace gases passing through said chambers so that sheets of steam and air are directed to flow on converging lines within the respective combustion chambers, and a supply conduit communicating with said nozzles.

5. In a furnace, the combination with a bridgewall, of a pier and arches erected upon the bridgewall and spaced to form a plurality of combustion chambers the dimensions of which are such as to extend for appreciable distances rearwardly from the front portion of the bridgewall, blast pipes ineased \in the walls of said combustion chambers, and nozzles communicating with said pipes and each inclined to the line of flow of furnace gases through said combustion chambers, the nozzles on one side of ea'ch'chamber being inclined in an opposite direction to theinclination of the nozzles on the opposite. side of the chamber and said oppositely positioned. nozzles Wardly of the iront portion of the' bridge- Walll 6.111 a furnace, the combination with a bridgewall, of piers and arches positioned over the same and spaced relatively t each other so asto form, interyening.combustion I chambers the Widthand depth of which are such as to extend: for appreciable distances rearwardly'from the front portion. of said bridgew'all,' blast pipes embeddedin the piers and arches and extending aroundea'ch combustion chamber, and blast nozzles communicating with said pipes and positioned at an angle to the line of flow of furnace gases through said chambers thenozzles on one side of'the chamber being inclinedyin an opposite direction to the nozzles on the opposite side of the chamber and said oppositely inclined nozzles "being located in the sides of the combustion chambers and *GoplegoLthis patent maybe obtained (or team \ operating to ,direct sheets of steam and air inconverging paths withinthe respective combustion chambers.

fTIn a furnace, the combination with a bridgewal'h of piers and arches positioned thereon andspaced relatively to each other i to produce combustion chambers extending for appreciable distances rearwardly from the front portion of the bridgewall blast k nozzlespositmned inclinedrelation to the line of; flow of furnace gases through said combustion chamber, the nozzles on oneside elf-each chamber beinginclinedin an opposite direction to the inclination of other nozzles lin the ,Qpposite isi de of the same chamber and each no zzle being provided with; an elongated blast outlet, said: nozzles being 'located in the sides of thefcombustion cliainbers and operating to direct sheets of .steam and air' on converging lines Within the respective combustion chambers and the sheet of steam and air from each nozzle bej ing tree to spread so as to intersect with the. sheet of steam and air from: an adj a centnozzle,or no zzles, and a supply conduit communicating with said nozzles.

In testimony whereof I J have hereunto signed, my name.

QBLAND D. :onv s.

jive cents each, by addressing: the Commissioner of Bat'eqts,

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