US1266986A - Flying-machine. - Google Patents

Description

I. PHEATKA.

FLYING MASHINE.

APPLICATION mm mm. 30. me.

IN PEN TOR J. PRfiATKA. FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAI'I- 30.19M-

Patented My 21,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1. PREATKA.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICAHGN FILED AR. 30. 9H3.

Patented May 21, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 mam: v

. W W wim nq if u UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

108m PBEA'I'KA, NEW YORK, I. f.

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n m y 1,253,986, Ipwlflmflonof Letters Patent. Patented May 21, 1918. Application filed men so, 191a. em Ho. 22mm. To all whom it may 00:10am. In the drawings, the numeral. indicates Be it known that I, Josnrn PKmm, a subject of the King of Hun ry, and a resi dent of the city of New Yogi 1n the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

he present invention relates to flfiing me:- chines, and more particularly, to t. at type in which the means of sustentation and propulsion consists of beating wings.

The main object of the invention is to m wide a machine of the character specified with at least two pairs of wings, the win of one pair always working in opposite ,1- rection in relation to the wings of the other pair, whereby the safety of the machine is greatly increased.

other object of the invention is to pro vide a device which is light in weight, simple in construction, comparatively inexpensive to manufacture, strong and durable.

A further object of the invention is to so mount the beating planes on the frame of the machine that, m case of accident, at least one pair thereof will act as planes to permit a y'radual descent by gliding.

With these and other obgects in view, which will more fully appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the xame consists in the combination, arrange merit, and construction of parts hereinafter described, ointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it being understood that many changes may be made in the size and proportion of the several parts and details of construction within the scope of the zip-- pended claims' without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

One of the many the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a'side elevation of a flying machine constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof; Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the some; Fig. 4 is a section taken on line H of Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a portion of a section taken on line 5--5 of'Fig. 4.

- the machine. power possiblecmbodiments of I rigidly attached to arms the car or body of a flying machine, resembling that of a bird, havin long streamlines, so as to present as litt e resistance to t e air as possible, This body is mounted upon fro11t.whee1s 11 and rear wheels 12, for the well-known purpose. The front wheels 11 are mounted u on a shaft 13, and are connected therewit by clutches 14 of any suitable construct-ion, suitable clutch engagin and disengaging means 15 being provi ed.

From the body or car of the machine rises, above the shaft 13 a. frame 16 including side pieces 1?, that are united by a front piece 18 and a rear piece 19, thusconstitut- :ing :1 Hide for a head 20. which is re ciprooa 11;; mounted in the said frame. The head is reciprocal-ted from the shaft 13 in any suitable manner, for instance the said shaft may be rovided with a crank 21, in engagement with the lower end of a colnectin rod 22, the upper end of which is pi'vote l connecting rod is made of two sections 24 and 25,

sections of the rod is made of a pin 26, which may be engaged with or disengaged from the said two sections, at will.

Rotation is imparted to the shaft 13 from a motor (not shown?) in the car or bod of sing transmitted .rom said shaft in any suitable Jlmnner' for instance to the shaft is fixedly attached a bevel gear 27. in mesh with a similar gear 28, the shaft 29 of which is driven from the motor.

The means of sustentation end propulsion consists of two pairs of beating wings. One pair of these wings, denoted by the numeral 30, swings around a substantially horizontal pivot-31 that is in parallel relation to the longitudinal axis of the car or body of the flying machine, while the other air of wings, indicated at 32, swings aroun a substantially horizontal pivot 33, that extends transversely of the said ear or body. The wings are disposed above the wings 82 at a distance that they do not interfere with the operation thereof. The wings 80 are 8i, through the-insaid. motor to the to a pin 23 on the said hend- The for a purpose hereinafter to be described. The connection between the two.

ner ends of which extends the pivot 31., the- 'a le means to the frame 16. The lugs 36,

above referred to, extend in parallel relation to the pivot 31, and the lugs 39 in parallel relation to the pivot 33.

The steering means or rudders of the machine are disposed at the tail-end of the car or body 10, and comprises horizontal rudders 4:1 and a vertical rudder 42, which need no further detailed description, as they do not form part of the present invention.

The 0 eration of this device is as follows :-I f it is intended to let the machine run on the ground without actuating the sustcntation and propulsion means thereof, the pin 26 is disenga ed from the connecting rod 22 and the clutc 16S Mactuated so as to connect the Wheels 11 with the shaft 13. If now the motor of the machine is started, the saidlwheels will be turned in the roper direction to propel the machine on t e ground.

Obviously suitable steering means must be provided for directing the course of the machine while on the ground.

When the two sections of the connecting rod are roperly connected and the motor started, t e machine will be propelled on the ground and at the same time the sustentation and, propulsion means actuated. The machine will then rise from the ground after the horizontal rudders 41 thereof are placed in proper position. The two pairs of wings are actuated by the reciprocating head 20 in the follo ing manner: The lugs 36, coacting with \e sets of the arms 34 of the wings 30, move up and down, thereby causing the said wingsto swing around their pivot 31; on the other hand, the pivot 33 of the wings 32 moves up and down, whereby the last-named wings are caused to swing around the said pivot by reason of the slots 38 being in engagement with the lugs 39 above mentioned. In this manner the wings 30 move always in a direction opposite to that, of the wings 32, that is to say, when the wings 30 swing downward, the w1ngs'32 are caused to swing upward, and vice versa. In this manner the safety of the machine is greatly increased, there being always one pair of wings which causes a ressure ofair to as one pair of the same swings around a.

downward. The two pairs 0 wings do not interfere with each other in their operation,

same will always'aet as planes to provided with longitudinal slots pair of wings pivot that is disposed in parallel relation to the longitudinal axis of the car or body, while the ivot of the other pair is disposed transverse y thereto.

By reason of the fact that the wmgs operate in opposite directions, one pair of the amt a gradual descentby gliding in case t e motor gets out of order,

It is to be observed that, when in the air, the wheels 11 may be caused to come to a hers thereon from the clutch members cooperating therewith and fixedtothe shaft 13.

From the foregoing it appears that the machine is very simple in constructitm, comparatively inexplensive to manufacture, and ma be very lig t in weight as the frame 16 an the head 20 ma be made of either very 1i ht metal or wood at I claim is 1. In aafiying machine, the combination with a car, pf a frame rising therefrom, a. head reciprocably mounted in said frame, a pivoted to said frame and operatively connected with said head and a pair of wings pivoted tosaid head and operatively connected with said frame.

2. In a flying machine, the combination with a car, of a frame risingtherefrom, a head reciprocably mounted in said frame, a pair of wings pivoted to said frame standstill by disengaging the clutch memvided with arms having longitudinal s ots, r

. lugs on said head seated in said slots, a pair oi wings pivoted to said head provided with arms havm longitudinal slots, and lugs fastened to said frame and seated in the slots of said last-named arms.

3. In a flying machine, the combination l with a car, of a frame rising therefrom, two

. pairs of wings mounted upon said frame,

head reciprocably, mounted in said framqjr pair of wings pivoted to said frame and operatively connected with said heed, a pair of wings pivoted to sci end and operatively connected with said pivots of one pair of said win being disposed in parallel relation to t e longitudinal axis of the car and the pivots of the other pair of wings at right angles to said first-named pivots. I

5. In a flying machine,th combination with a car, of a frame risin ,therefrom, a head reciprocably' mounted in said frame. a pair of wings pivoted to said frame rovided with arms having longitudinal s ots.

me, the.

Iugspn said head seated in said slots; 0 pair aliel relation to the longitudinal axis of the of W1 ivoted to said' head provided with car and the pivots of the other pair of wings arms vmg longitudinal slots, and in at right-angles to said first-named pivots.

fastened to said' frame and seated in t e Signed at New Yorkfi in the county of 10 5 slots of said last-named aims the pivots of New York and State of ew York.

one pair of said wings being disposed in par- JOSEPH PREATKA.

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