US1266150A - Electric signaling system for railway-trains. - Google Patents

Description

N. PIGNATARO ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM FOR RAILWAY TRAINS.

APPLICATTON FILED AN.16, 1914. 1,266,150. Patented May14,1918.-

5 SHEETSSHEET 1.

ATTORNEYS N. PIGNATARO.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING svsnzm FOR RMLWAY TRAINS.

APPLSCATIOH HLED IAN.16. 1914.

Patented May14,1918.

Mm RQ mm mm wnnassas:

INVEN-TOR N1 :hulas P N. PIGNATARO.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM FOR RAILWAY'TRAINS.

APPLICATION FILED MN. 16. 1914.

1,266,150. Patented May l l, 1918.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

wmvassas; INVENTOR Nmhosgas P qatarn,

ATTORNEYS Patented Mayl l, 1918.

5 SHEETS-'SHEEI' 4.

. m m g 3 INVENTOR P I g' 'aTaru N. PIGNATARO.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM FOR RAILWAY TRAINS.

AFPLlCATlON FlLED JAN. 36, 1914.

N. PIGNATARO. ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM 'FOR RAILWAY TRAINS.

Patented May14,1918.

5 SHEETSSHE ET 5.

APPLICATION. ElLED IAN. I6. 1914.

1 E w Q L; INVENTOR l m N1 a chgl as P gqataru,

ATTORNEYS menonns PIGNATABO, or HILTQN, NEW JEnsnY.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM FQR RAILVVAY-TRAINS.

Application filed January 16,1914.

1 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, N cnonas Proxn'rnno, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hilton, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Imp; veinents in Electric Signaling Systems for Railway-T rains; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the samercference being had to the. accompanying drawings, and to cha *acters ofreference marked thereon, which form .a part of this specification.

The present invention relates, generally, to improvements in safety-appliances for railroads;and, the invention has reference, more ii-articula-rly, to a novel electric system, acting automatically, and operating signals or indicating devices located upon the locomotives of trains operating in different blocks r sections of the railroad, the system being adapted to single or double tracks, for operating a signaling device from a train in a Forward block to a train following rearwardly of the train in the forward block, and. furthermore, alsoproviding an autonnnically operating signaling system that will notify the engineer or operator in a train of an open switch in the main line.

The invention has for its principal object to provide a novel and simply operating signaling s m for railroads, and to provide a positive and reliable means in connection with the track and one ormore locomotives for automatically sounding a signal or signals: that will notify the engineer to proceed with caution or to entirely come to a stop.

The invention has for its further object to provide an electric danger-signaling system which is easy and inexpensive to inainb :ta'ctnre and is easily installed, thoroughly reliable and eli'icient in its use, and is readily applicable to bloclcsystems, switches, drawhridges, and the like.

(lther objects of this invention not at this time more particularly enumerated will be more fully understood from the follow- Specification of Letters Patent.

latentediilay 1st, 1918.

Serial No; 512,235.

ing detailed description of the present in- .vention,

With the va ious objects of the present invention in v ew, the invention coi-isists, primarily, in the novel train or locomotivesig-naling system hereinafter set forth; and, the invention consists, furthermore, in the generz il arrangements and combinations or several automatically opera-ting electrical instrmnentalities and electric circuits, hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and then embodied in the clauses of the claim which are appended to the said specification and which form an essential part of the same.

The invention is :t'ully illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1 and 1 illustrate a diagrammatic representation of a locomotive or train-signaling system, showing one embodimentof the principles of the present inven tion, Fig. l being a c mtinnation of Fig. 1.

Fig. '2 is a plan view of one of a series of make and break appliances employed with the signaling system for c mpleting an electrical circuit ahead of a locomotive or train and breaking the circuit in the rear of the locomotive or train; and Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. l is a detail transverse vertical section or said appliance, said section being taken on line in said Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrow m, and said view being made on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 5 is a similar sectional representation of the parts represented in said Fig. at, but illustrating a pivoted trip-lever employed therewith in its released position.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section of a port-ion of a railroad rail, provided with a receiving socket, and a contact-establishing element arranged insaid receiving socket, said element being represented in its normal relation to the rail in the position when not establishing electrical contact; and Fig. 7 is a similar sectional representation of the same parts, the contact-establishing element being shown in the position when establishing a complete electric circuit.

Fig, 8 is a diagrammatic representation of a portion of the train signaling (rated at a swil'ch or turnout.

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of a por tion of the irain signaling system, and a system lo make and break device located at the side of the railroad tracks, the make and break device being similar to the device illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, l and 5, bu'r the device being provided in this inst ice with a semaphore actuated by the pivoted trip-lever; and Fi 10 is a detail face view of a portion of said make and break device, showing more particularly he location of the seinapnore and a means of connection between the latter and the pivoted trip-lever for actuating said semaphore.

Similar characters of reference are employed in all of the above described views, to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to the several figures oi the drawings, the referencecharacters l and L- indicaie th main rails railroad and upon which the trains may run in any usual manner, being drawn either by steam-locomotive or by electric motive power, and h the term train, as hereinafter used, I include all kinds of railwaymotors and vehicle, either singly or attached.

Suitably arranged and secured between each pair of main rails l and 2 are other metal rail-like sections and laid parallel to the main rails, and said sect-ions 3 and i being, respectivel inierrupted by an arrangement of gaps or open spaces, as 5, 6, and '7, between the ends of he said respective sections 3 and sections l.

The reference-charracte s A and B indicalc, diagrainniatically, two trains running upon the cracks and 2, in figures 1 and 1, in the same direction.

Suitably inoiuited upon each train is a attery S, a switch 9, and a suitable signalindicating device 10, which may he an electric bell. The reference-charm: cers 11, 12, 13, and 1d indicate four contact-making shoes, or other suil:ablyconstrucred contacts, which are suitably connected wit each train A and B, and are in slidablo contact, respectively, with the main rails l and Q, and the short rail-like sections 3 and Each switch comprises a series of five binding posts 15, l6, 17, 1S, and 19, and four contact posi 20, 21, 22, and Pivotally connected with the said binding posts 15, 16. 17, 1S, and 19, are a seri s o'l live circuitconipleting lingers '26, 2'7, and 28, w'th which is operatively connected an actuating bar 29, which may be provided with a knob or lingenpiece, for operating said lingers and for moving The respective lingers into circuit-completing Contact with the various contact- posts 20, 21, 2'2, and 23.

SJ; suitable intervals she rail 1 is pro vided with 1Ef;lVln '-SOCl liS or openings,

as 30, 31, and [he rail being provided with corresponding receiving sockets or openings, as 3%, and 3-5.

Fear the gaps or breaks in the adjacent rail-like sections the latter are respectively provided wich correspondingly located receiving sockets or openings, as 36, and 258, and, likewise, near the gaps or breaks in the adjacent rai like sections l, the latter are also res ectively provided wiih correspondingly located receiving sockets or openings 39, a: and ell.

111 these various receivin sockets or openings are suitably dispose circuit niakin and breaking devices subdantially of t general construction represented in 1 Figs. 6 and 7 ol' the drawings The circuit-making and breaking devices each consist of a plate d2 suitably securel by means 01'' screws l8, or otherwise, in the aid sockets of the rails l and 2 and the rail-sections 3 and l, and flush therewith. and pivotally mounted in a suiliable opening is, with which each plate is provided, is a depressible contact-clement- Suitably mounted upon one of said screws as, between a pair" of insulating disks l also arranged upon said screw, is a spring, a which is suitably bent and has its portion l8 bearing upon a block sulal'ing material and suitably secured to and projecting from tne lower face of (he corr ct-element Under normal initial cond "ions, the spring 47 forces the said contacl-cleinent 1 5 inan upward direction so that the end 50 of said element 1-5 will lcar the portion 51 of she plate l2 which acts as a stop, buiallows the up- )cr portion of the contact-element to project slightly above the plane or" the upper surface of The rail or rail-like section with which the circuit-making and br-aking de ice is employed. is diagrammaticall; shown, and as has been stated, the trains are provided with a series of four cimalt-establishing shoes or brushes, as 11. i1, 13, and i l, or other suicable devices; suspended from the train and respectivelv in sliding contact with the u, per snriacds of he rails 1 and 2- and the rail-like sect-ions 1 and l, The result is that when a shoe or brush slides over a col tact-element 45. the larva is depressed downwardly, as indicated in Fig. '4 of the drawings. in such a manner hat the end-portion 50 0f the eleineni :25 is forwd directly into contacr with the end-portion d8 of the spring l7, as shown, to complete an electrid circuit through wire which is suiiably attached in the screw 13 in contact with che spring :7, substantially as shown and for the pun hereinafter more fully specified. located at suitable iniervr ,li ihe sides rails l and 2, and in fillllGlllQid irons v of said rails al ihe breaks berwecn ill?) the ends of the adjacent: rail-like sections 3 and l, are suitably constructed devices each device being in the form of a combined make and break device and a resetting means for the purposes hereinafter more tull specified.

This device is illustrated more particularl in 2, 3. st and 5 of the drawings, and the same comprises a suitable base as 53. upon which is mounted a framework 5i carrying a pivoted lever 55 which is electrically controlled by an electro-n'iagnet 56, in circuit. in the usual manner. with a pair oil binding posts 57 and 5S. Suitably mounts ed upon said base 52) is a post or standard. as 59. earr -ing a plate 60. Upon this plate are three binding posts (31, 6'2 and 63. and a pair of electro-magnets 64-, and their cores ($5. Suitably connected with and extending downwardly from a post 66 is a spring-sup ported contact-making shoe or bar, as 67, adapted at times to make contact with the ends of the cores 65.- Connected with another post 68. and extending downwardly theretroni, is a spring-bar 69. and pivotally mounted upon a pirot post T0 is a contact making arm 71. one portion as 72. of said arm being ada )ted to be brought slidably into holding engagement with a projection 73 with which the shoe or bar 67 is provided. The other portion or said arm 71 extends in .an upward direction. as at '74-. and is suitably'weighted. as at T5, so that the said arm 71 assumes the position indicated in Fig. 5 of the drawings. when the 'iortion 72 disengaged from the projection 73 of the shoe or bar 67. An insulated wire 76 connects the binding post in circuit with one ter minal of the electioanagnet (i l, the other terminal of the magnet being connected by means of a wire 77 with a screw 78, and by means of the metal plate 60 electrical circuit is completed by nae-ans of the grounded post 79. and a spring-arm 80, through the shoe or bar 67. arm 71, and pivot-post 70, which is insulated from-said plate 60, and finally by means of another insulated wire 81, said pivot-post to the binding post G2.

The post 68 is also connected electrically by means of an insulated wire 82 with the binding post 61.

Having in the foregoing, in a general way, described the construction of the various instruinentalities employed. I will now endeavor to describe in connection with the said instrnnientalities the system of electric wiring between said instrnmentalities and the rails 1 and2 and rail-like sections 3 and t tor establishing complete electric circuits between two trains.

Referring now more particularly to F 1 and 1 of the drawings in which are diagrammatically represented two trains, the rarious above-described instrumentalities, and various electric circuits, and also to Figs. 2, 3, i, 5, G and 7, in which shown means for making and breaking the electric circuits, the reference-character 83 indicates a circuit-wire leading from the one terniinal of each battery 8 to the binding post 18 of each device Leading from the contact post in Fig. l. is a circuit-wire 81-, said wire being connected with the sliding contact-shoe 11. Located be' and con nected with the other termina ot' the oatter 8 and the binding post it is a circuit wire 85. and leading from the contact-post 21 is a circuit wire 86, said wire being connected with the sliding contact shoe 1%. Leading from the contact-post as a ciccuit-wire 87 which is connected with the. sliding contact-shoe 12, and leading trom the contactpost 20 another circuit wire 88 which is connected with the slidin contact-shoe 14-. Leading flOil'l the b ling post 17 is a circuit wire 89 which connected with one of the terminals oi the elcc trio bell 10, and leading from the binding post 19 is another circuit-wire 90 which is connected with the other terminal of the electric hell it). A third circuit wire l connects the binding post 15 with a portion 01 the circuit. wire Q0 and by izzeai 4 of tl wire with the List-mentioned tern. .al of t electric bell 10.

Referring now to the circuit making and breaking devices located adjacent to the rail 1. it will be seen. thai the binding posts 5? hair connected therewith, the circuit wires leading to and suitably making electrical connection, at the proper times. with the springs l8 and contact elements to located in the respective receiving sockets ot the respective rail-like sections and 93 are circuitwires connecting said rail-like sections with the binding posts 61 of the reand breaking despectire circuit making vices herein-above mentioned.

Leading from the binding posts 58 of each of said circuit making and breaking devices. adjacent to the rail 1 are circuit wires Sat which are electrically connected with rail 1. and leading from the binding posts 63 of the same circuit making and breaking devices are circuit w s suitably making electrical connection. at the proper time. with the springs i7 and contact elements l5 located in the respective receiving sockets of the rail 1. The binding posts or" the said circuit-making and breaking devices 5:2 are also electrically connected with the raillike sections 3 by means of circuit wires 96.

Now, likewise, referring to, the circuitmaking and breaking devices located adjacent to the rail 2. it will be s en. that the binding posts 57 have connected therewith, the circuit wires 9'7 leading to and suitably making electrical connection, at the prop r times, with the springs 47 and cont-act elemeets to located in the respective receiving sockets of the respective rail-like sections l, and 98 are circuitvvires connecting said raillikc sections with the binding posts 61 oi the respective circuit-making and breaking devices thus located adjacent to the said rails 2. Leading from the binding posts 53 of each of ing and urea rail 2, are c aid last-mentioned circuitcnakhing devices '2 adjacent to the "cuit Wires 99 which are electrically connec ed with the rail 2, and leading from the binding posts 63 of the same circuit iii-king and breaking devices 52 are circuit vrires 100 for suitably making electrical connection, at the proper times with the springs i? and contact elements is located in the respective receiving sockets of the rail The binding posts 62 oi: the circuit-making and breaking devices 52 a re also electrically connected with the said rail-like sections i by means of the circuit Wll'BS "U1.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 1 it Will be 7 t the circuit-completing lingers 2*, and 28 in the alternating this case only tivc trains A and B are angularly set in opposite I that in train A the fingers 2%, I c respectively, contact with the espective contact posts 21, and 9 3, of c 9 in train and in train B the and 2 respectivel conrespectivc contact posts 20, 21, the cevice 9 in train B.

connections, I will now lJilGGlV describe the manner of completing ctric circuits for se ng into operahere is s in ti do which he intends to pass, the re dangercone continuing to ring he train ahead has passed out of its or section. this effect Figs. 1 and 1* of the drawings, in connection it") i have represented in said with the main rails 1 and and the nornially interru :tec rail-like sect- ions 3 and 1,. four railway hlocl-zs which I have indicated by the reference-letters C, C, C, and 0', and in connection therewith l have shown train A as having passed into block C and train B into hlocir C.

in passing from the block G into block C, and subsequently into hloclr -d and C, shoes l1 l2, l3 and it of the 1' an instant depress the contact elements to located. in the respective recesses of the respective rails and rail-like sections, will he clearly evident. immediately an electric circuit is established from the batterj' S in train through the circuit Wire c3 to post 18, finger 2i". contact-post "23, Wire Set shoe 11, contact element 4-5 in the socket 32 of the rail 1, the return-circuit being completed through the Wire to the binding post- 63 of the device 52, located at D, and from the binding post 63 of said device, by nieans of the vtire 76, the coils 64:, the wire 77 to grounded post 7E1 then by means of the plate 60 to grounded post 1 9 the member 80, the shoe 6?, arm T2, pivot-post TO. and Wire- Si to the binding post 62, to es, the rail-like section 3 into the ing shoe 1" and Wire 86 to the contact post 21 in the train A, the finger binding 16 and finally by means of the Wire 85 back to the battery 8 in said train A. lnnnediatel upon the electro-inagnets thus becmning energized, and simultaneously with the sliding shoe 11 passing out oi contact vtith the element in the recess the shoe magnetic cores 65, as shoivr drawings, whereby the arm engaged i on it Wi the shoe 6?, and eugag i: he Sl)1'1119 an repan'. the completed ric circuit just described having accent piished its result, this circuit is once more interrupted or broken and he gap 5 lo tween the adjacent rail-titre sections 3 oridged electrically.

Train A 110W passing out of block C the sliding shoe 11 com tact with the depr ssihle member in th recess 31 of the mi 1 the sun-1e result place in connection with the device 52 located at D in the block C, and so on as train it passes from hlccl: to block. New suppose that train l3 entered from block C into the block 6. The electric current from the battery 8 in train A passes through the circuit Wire 83 into post 18, finger 27 contact post 3. wire 8' s cc into the rail 1 the cur e t I IOllOYrl b the rail 1 until it reaches the ending shoe ll of train B. The current then passes iroin said lastineutioned shoe 11 or the train B, through the wire E-l to the contact post in 13.

w re finger 28, post 19, Wire 90, to tie electric bell 10 in train the circuit being completed from said bell 10 in train B, thr ugh the Wire 89, post 1?, finger :26 contact post 21, all in train the Wire 86 and shoe 1 of train B, through the rail-like section 3, and the Wire 96 to the hint post 62 of the device 52 located at D.

From the post 62 the current through the Wire 01 described, and leaving at post 61, through the wire 93 to rail-like member 3 of block C, into the shoe 13 and wire 86 of train A. into the contact post 21. finger 25, post 10, andiiually by means of the wire 85 back to the battery 8 located in said train A. In this manner a complete electric circuit is established from train A now in block: C to train B in blockC, which keeps upthe ringing of the electric hell or other alarm or signaling derico in said train B, until train A passes out of block C? into the next block, whereby this circuit becomes automatically broken, and the bell in train B ceases ringing.

At the same time that train A has passed into block C, it must follow that the previously operated lnechanisn'i of the device 52, located at D n'uis't be reset, that isthe parts must be moved from their operated positions indicated in Fig. 50f the drawings, back to their normal initial positions represented in Fig. 1, and to again" establish the break or gap between the rail-like members 3. between blocks C and C.

This accomplished as follows As soon as the sliding shoe 13 of train 3i dept-es the contact element 4:5 located in the recess .36 of the rail-like section 3 of the block C, the current from the battery 8 in train it passes through the circuit wire to post 18, finger 27 to contact post 23, wire 81 to sliding shoe 11, mil 1 to wire 91 and post 58 in the device 52 located at D. From this post 58 the current passes into the clectz'o-iuagnet 56, which becomes energized nd attracts the pivoted lever 55, the upward inoven'ient of which engages the tilted arm '71, so as to bring its end' 72 once more into retained engagement with the projection 7 3 of the shoe 67, and the former electric ircuit through the springarm 69 is again broken. From the electro-magnet 56 the current passes to the post 57, and thence by means of the wire 92 to the depressible element 15 in the recess 36of the rail-like section 3 in block C, the return-circuit being completed through sliding shoe 13 of train A, in contact with said element 15, and completed through wire 86, contact-post 21, finger 25, post 16, and finally through wire 85 to the battery 8'in said train A.

It will be clearly evident, that these ya= rious circuits are made and brokenin the manner herein-above described as train'A passes from block to block and is followed by train 13.

Train 13 likewise makes and breaks elech-ical name and signals to a train tollowing it, but in order that the instrumentali of, may work properly without intertering with the proper workings of the instriunentalities operated from train A, the lingers 21, 25, 26, 27 and 28 are set, so as to make contact with the dittereut cont-act posts,

as llltllttiilcd' in Fig. 1, and as has been stated, the shoes 12 and 14 bein used in connection with the rail 2 and the rail-like sections 4, and also with the various circuit-make and break devices 52 located adjacent to therail and the various circuit wires 97, 98, 99, 100 and 101 in the manner previously described. In all other respects the various operations for making and breaking the circuits is the same as that above stated, except that in connection with the poles of the device 9 in train B, when operating, the previously-mentioned circuit wire 91' is also used.

In Fig. 8 of the drawings is represented diagrammatically an open switch running into a branch-road or a siding, and in connection therewith is shown an auxiliary elec tric circuit to be completed by the on-coming train, as it passes into the block in which the switch is located.

Referring nowto this Fig. 8, the referencecharacters 1 and 2 indicate the main rails andB and a the interrupted rail-like sections, as heretofore, the reference- characters 102 and 103, however, indicating the rails of the branch-road or siding, said rails 102 and 108 being. connected by a circuit-wire 10-1, andthe rail-like sections 3 and i being connected by-acircuit-wire 105. The instrumentalities in the, train, of course, are the sameas those already described and are indicated by the same reference-characters herein-before employed.

The electric circuit from the battery 8 in the train is made through wire 83, post 18, arm 27, contact-post wire 88, sliding shoe let, and rail-like section +1., the circuit being completed through wire 105 to raillike section 8, shoe 13, wire 86, contact post 21, arm 26, and wire 89 to one of the terminals of the electric bell 10, the returncirc'uit being completed from the other terminal of the electric bell 10, through the wire 90, post 19, arm 29, contact post 23, wire 84: and shoe 11 to the rail 1, into the rail 103 andcircuit-Wire 101 into rail 102., through rail 2 to the shoe 12, thence through the wire 87, to contact post 20, arm 25, post 16, and wire 85, finally to the other terminal of the battery 8.

,As has been previously stated, the arms of the devicesin the successive trains are set by the engineers so that they will point in opposite directions, alternately, in the successive trains, this being necessary because of the fact that while a signal is being received by train 13 from train A, a signal should also be sent from train B to a train following it.

Now. it mayhappen, when a train-,as A, has run upon a sidetrack or ontoa branchroad, that the angular relations of the; arms 24 to 28 inclusive to the contact-posts in the succeeding trains should be changed, so that Cir the system will not become inoperative, in that case train B now assuming the roll of train A, the relative angular positions of the arms in theswitch-devices 9 in the to llowing trains being changed accordingly. To indicateto the engineers that such change must be made, the device 52 located in the main line, directly beyond the switch or point at which the SlCl6i31t1Cl or branch road leaves the main line is provided with a semaphore, as 100, swinging upon a pivot 107 carried by a post 108 extending in an upward direction from the plate 60. Pivotally connected with the semaphore 100 and the weighted part of the device 52 is a link 109.

N ow, suppose the semaphore points horizontally, which indicates to the "engineer that the relative positions of the arms 21 to 28 inclusive should be changed from those shown in Fig. 9, so that arm 2st will contact with post :20, arm 25 with post 2-1, arm 26 with post 22, and arm 2'? with post In the device 52, thus employed, the circuitwire 92 may be omitted, as unnecessary, and the rails 1 and '2 have receiving sockets, 110 and 111, in each of which is pivotally mounted. a contact-element l5, similar to the elements used with the device represented in Figs. 6 and T of the drawings, and pre viously described. Post '63 is connected in circuit with the device 15 in the socket 111 in rail 2 by a circuit wire 112, the circuit being made through the shoe 12 to the device 9 in the train, and completed through the shoe 1% and rail-like section 1, and a circuit-wire 113 to the post 62 of the device 52, this circuitfhowever, being used only when train B to set the semaphore horizontally. That train B will cause the semaphore 106 to drop as a signal to the engineer in a train following said train B. notifying the engineer in said following train that he is to change the positions ot the arms at to 28 in his train, the sliding shoe 11 of train B in depressing the contact-element 45 located in the socket 110 in rail 1 completes an electric circuit through a wire 11d with the post 57 of the device the circuit being completed through post :38, a wire 11.5 and the rail-lilre section 3 with the shoe 13, and finally completed with the instrument 9 in the same manner hereinbetore described, so that the semaphore is thus set in its proper indicating position for the next-following train, as will be clearly evident.

Of course it am fully aware that various changes may be made in the general arrangements and combinations of the various instruinentalities and electric circuits between said instruinentalities and the rzils and rail-like members, as well as in the details of the constructions of the parts C0111 prising the several instrumentalities, without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the foregoing specification and as defined in the clauses of the claims which are appended thereto. Hence, I do not limit my present invention to the exact arrangements and combinations of the various devices and parts, as well as the electric circuits between said devices and parts, as described in the said specification, nor do I confine myself to the exact details of the constructions of the various instrument-alities and their parts, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

1 claim:

1. in an electric signaling system, in combination with the main rails and trains running upon said rails, sectional rails located between said main rails, said sectional rails being separated from each other so to provide breaks at intervals. a source of electrical energy upon each train, an electric switch in circuit with said source of electrical energy, contact-elements carried at intervals b said main rails. contact-elements carried at corresponding intervals by the said rail-section, an electric signal carried upon each train, and sliding contacts also carried by the trains, said sliding contacts and elecsignals being in circuit with the electric switches, contactnnalzing and breaking derioes located at intervals at the sides of the rails. each contact-making and breaking device being in circuit with a contact-element of th various main rails and with those of the rail-sections. so that when the proper circuit is es ablished by the contacting of the sliding contacts with the contact-ele ments in the main rails and the rail-sections, said contact-makingand breaking means acts tobridge the gaps between the several sectional rails two blocks to the rear of a train and also acts to open the same circuit when the train has progressed two blocks forward.

2. In an electric signaling system, in combination with the main rails and trains running upon said rails, sectional. rails located oetween said main rails. said sectional rails being separated troin each other so as to provide breaks at intervals. source of electrical energy upon each train, an electric switch upon each train in circuit with said main source of electrical energy, contact elements carried at intervals by said rails, contact-elemcuts carried at corresponding intervals by said rail-sections, and sliding contactmeans carried by each train, circuitwires leading from the respective switches to the respective contact-means. to bring the various members into electric circuit, electric bells and circuit wires leading from the respective bells to the respective switches, contact-nml ing and breaking means located at intervals the sides oi the rails, each contact-making and breaking device being in i circuit with a contact-elemen t of the 'arious main ails and with those of the rail-sections, so that when the proper circuit is established by the contacting ot the sliding contacts with the contact-elements in the main rails and the rail-sections. said contact-iiakiug and breaking means acts to bridge the gaps between the several sectional rails two blocks to the rear of a train and also acts to open the same circuit when the train has progressed tw blocks forward.

3. In an electric signaling system. in combiuation with the main rails and trains running upon said rails. sectional rails located between said main rails. .aid sectional rails being spcrated from each other so as to pro vide b 'eaks at intervals, a source of electrical energ vr upon each train. an electric s :itch upon each tain in circuit with said main source of? electrical energy, contact-elements carried at intervals by said rails, contacteleinents carried at corresponding intervals by said rail-sections, and sliding rails, contact-making shoes carried by each train, circuit-wires leading from the respective switches to the respective contact'niaking shoes, to bring the various members into electric circuit. electric bells and circuit switches. contactnnaczing and breaking nieane located at intervals at the sides of the rails each conflict-making and breaking device being in circuit with a contact-element of the various main rails and with those of the raihsections, so that when the proper circuit is established by the contacting of the sliding contacts with the contactelements in the main rails and the rail-sections said contact-making and breaking means acts to bridge the between the several sectional rails two blocks to the rear of a train and also acts to open the same circuit when the train has progressed two bloc {S 'lorwa rd.

'i. In an electric aling stein. in combination with the main ails and trains running upon said rails. a series ot' gapped sectional rails ocated between said main rails. a sour e of electrical energy upon each train an electric switch upon ach train in circuit with said main source of electrical euei contact-elements carried at intervals by al l'iilii.('0i1t&(l-tl6111611is carried at cor responding iutei als bv said rail-sections. and sliding contact: naking shoes carried by each train. circuit-wiresleading from the re spective switchc--: to th respective contactuiaking shoes. to bring the various members into electric circuit. electric bells and circuitwires hau ing troui the respective bells to the respective switches. each contact-1naking and king device being in circuit with a coui'acbeleincnl of the various main rails and with those oi the l-sectious. so that when the proper circuit is established by the COYL tactiug oi the sliding contact with the contact-elei'i'ieuts in the main rails and the railsections, said contact-making and breaking nieaiis acts to ln'idge the gaps between the several sectional rails two blocks to the rear at a train and also acts to open the same circuit when the train has progressed two blocks itoru'aid.

5. In an electric signaling system, in coui bination with. the main rails and trains riur ning upon said rails, sectional rails located between said uiain rails said sectional rails being separated from each other so as to provide breaks at intervals, aid uiain rails and said railsections being provided at iutervals with receiving-sockets, a source oi electrical energy upon each train, an electric switch upon each train in circuit with said main source of electrical energv. contact ele ments .n'iovablv disposed in the sockets 0t said main rails and rail-sections, contactmeans carried b each train. circuit-wires leading from the respective switches to the respective contact-n'ieaus to bring the various members into electric circuit, dancersigiialiug devices and circuit-wires leading from the respective signaling device; to t respective switches. contact-making and, breaking nieaus located at intervals at the sides of the rails. ach ctn'itact-iuakiug and breaking device being in circuit with a contact-element of the various roain rails and with those of the r; ilsections. so that when the proper circuit is established by the contacting of the sliding contacts with the contact-elements in the main rails and the rail-sections, said contact-making and breaking means acts to bridge the gap. between the several sectional rails two blocks to the rear of a train and also acts to opei' the same circuit hen the train has progressed two blocks forward.

6 In an electric signaliiu steiii. in com bination with the main ails and trains running upon said rails. a SQZicS o ga 'iped sectional rails located between said rails. said rails and said rail se "ions being provided at intervals with recs? i a source, of electrical energ'v upon each iLain in circuit with said main source of electrical euergfv, an electric s itch upon each t 'ain. conta( t-elements n'nii'ably disposed in the sockets of said main rails and raihscctions, contactuneans carried by each train, circuitwires leading from the respective s itches to the respective contact-means to bring the various members into electric circuit. daugerrsignaling devices and circuit-wires leach ing from the respective signaling devices to the respective switches. coutact'n i ig andbreaking means located at interva -s at the sides of the rails. each couta T. In an electric s 9 K t bi tion with the inn n rails a 1d trains running upon said rails, section rails located between said niain rails, said sectional rails being separated from each other so as to l ils said ma n rails gnaline svs en], in comprovide l'JlGihKS at inter i r and said rail-sections being pro ided at intervals with receiving sockets, a source of electrical energy upon each train, an electric switch upon each train in circuit. with said main source of electrical energy, contact elements inovabl}- disposed in the sockets of said inain rails and rail sections, contactmeans carried by each train, circuit-wires leading from the IQSPQCiilY; svitcl to the respective contact-means to bring the various members into electric circuit, el ctic bells and circuit-wires leading from the ctive bells to tie respective switclec, contactmaking and breakin i leans located at intervals at the sides t to rails, each contact-making and breaking revicc being in circuit with a contact-element of the various main rails and with those of the rail-so tions, so that when theproper circuit is established by the contacting of the sliding contacts with the contact-elements in the main rails and the rails-ections, caid contact-inaliing and breaking means acts to bridge the gaps between the several sectional rails two blocks to the rear of train and also acts to open the same circuit when the train has progressed two blocks forward.

S. In an electric signaling system, in cornbiuation with the main rails and train run ning upon said rails, a series of gapped sectional rails located between said rails, said rails and said rail-sections being provided at intervals with receiving sockets, a source of electrical energy upon each train, an electric switch upon each train in circuit with said main source of electrical energy, contact-element-s inovablv disposed in the sockets of sad main rails and rail sections, contactineans carried by each train, circuit-wires eading; from the respective switches to the 'espectiie-coatact means to bring the various neinhers into electric circuit, electric hells .nd circuit-wires leading from the respective cells to the respective switches, COJlTZiC't-lhfllie ing and breaking devices located at, intervals at the sic es of the rails, each contactanaking; and bret king device being in circuit with a contact-element of the various main rails and with those of the railsections, so that when the rope-r circuit is established by the ct the slidi' a" contacts with the.

contact-elements in the main rails and the rail-sections, said contact-inakin and break ing means acts to bridge the gaps betweei the several sectional rails two blocks to the e r of train and also acts to open the same circuit when the train has progressed two blocks forward.

9. In an electric signaling system, in co1nbination with the main rails and tr ins running upon said rails, sectional rails located between said inain rails, said sectional rails being separated from each other so as to provide breaks at intervals, said inain rails and said rail-sections being provided at intervals with receiving soc rots, a source ct electrical energ upon each train, an electric switch upon each train in circuit with said main source of electrical energv, contact-elements niovablv disposed in the sockets of said inain rails and rail-sections, contact making shoes carried by each train, circuitwires leading from the respective switches to the respective contact-making shoes, dangersignaling devi es and circuit-wires leading from the respective signaling devices to the respective switches, co-ntact-lnakiajig and breaking means located at intervals at the sides at the rails, each contact-making and breaking device being in circuit vith a contact-ele1nent of the various main rails and with those of the railsections, so that when the proper circuit is established by the contacting ot' the sliding contacts with the contact-elements in the main rails and the railsect-ions, said contact-making and breaking in acts to bridge the gaps between the several sectional rails two blocks to the rear of a train and also acts to open the same circuit when the train has progressed two blocks forward.

10. In an electric signaling system, in combination with the main rails and trains run- 1 119; upon said rails, a series of gapped sectional rails located between said rails, said rails and said rails ctions being providcd at int rvals with receiving sockets, a source of electrical energy upon each train, an electric switch upon each train in circuit with said main source of electrical energy, contact-elements inovably disposed in the sockets of said main rails and rail-sections, contact-making shoes carried by each train, circuit-wires leading from the respective switches to the respective contact-making shoes to bring the various members into electric circuit, danger-signaling devices and circuit-wires leading from the respective signaling devices to the respective switches, contact-ina -ting and breaking; means located at intervals at the sides of the rails, each contact-making and breaking device being in circuit with a contact-element of the various main rails and with those of the rail-sections, so that when the groper circuit is established by the contacting" of the sliding contacts with the several sectional rails two blocks to the the contactelements in the main rails and the In testimony, that I claim the invention rail-sections, said contact-umking and breakset forth above I have hereunto set my hand ing means acts to bridge the gaps between this 9th day of January, 1914.

NICHOLAS PIGNATARO. Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL, FREDK H. W. FRAENTZEL.

rear of a train and also acts to open the same circuit when the train has progressed two blocks forward.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Gommissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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