US1265746A - Heating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

A. B. CHANTRAINE.

HETNG APPARATUS.

APPLlcATxoN FILED Mums, 1914.

SBT@ Patanted May M, 19M

2 SHEETS-SHEET //S ATTORNEY A. ELCHANTRMNE.

HEATING APPARAUs. Y APPLICATION FILED AUG.I8,1914.

l ,@@f D Patented May 14, 1913.

gi-J /A/ VE/v TOR.-

@M /g @eine B Y g/750mm w/TNESSES.

ED SAT-Es PAE mnoNsE'BAUDouIN cnau'raamn, or MABCINELLE; BELGIUM.

HEATING APPARATUS.

incarne.

ments in Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved heating apparatus of the kind 1n which gaseous fuel is employed.

-Inregenerative furnaces, the flames pass over or across the material to be heated, from the inlet to the outlet, in the form of a stream. There is a considerable difference in temperature between thev inlet and outlet sides of the furnace, and consequently, 1n order to heat the contents of the furnace uniformly, the directionof flow of the burn-I ing gases is reversed at frequent short 1ntervals of time. v This reversal of the flow of burning gases results 'in large variations in temperature with consequent expansion and contraction of the vault 'of the furnace and of thefregenerator brickwork, with the result that deterioration 'and Adisintegration 4 of the brickwork soon takes place, and permits of leakage in the regenerator.

This invention has for some bf its objects to protect the refractory lining of the furnace from excessive heat: to avoid excessive expansion and contraction of the brickwork: to .avoid the deposition of carbon or soot: to uniformly or otherwise.symmetri cally distribute the heat: to control the, distribution of heat in different zones: to oXi dize the fuel'gaswith a minimum of air or oxygen admitted through small air ports and to-utilize the he'at in an economic manner for heating auxiliaryapparatus such as a recuperator or boiler. Further objects' will transpire in the following description.

This invention comprises, a furnace in which the fuel gas `forms an athermanous blanket which absorbs the heat radiated by the hotcontents of the furnace and protects the refractorylining from heat radiations: means for uniformly symmetrically or otherwise distributing the heat: means for .pro-A ducing a multiplicity of small flames of uniform orpredetermined temperature impnging upon the material to be heated: a plurality of independently regulatable sections: means for regulatin the amount of heat in predetermined sections of thecombustion chamber of the furnace: the admission of an Specication .of Letters Patent.

Application led August 18, 1914. .Serial No. 857,322. v I

Patented May 14, 1918.

insuicient'lquantity of preheated air to oxidize afirst portion ofthe fuel gas in one section of ,the furnace and theinjection of a further quantity of air to complete the combustion of a second portion of the fuel gas in another section ofthe furnace, and other features which will be hereinafter described.

Several embodiments of the invention are' indicated in the accompanying drawings in which:- 4

Figure 1 is a section partly in elevation of a vertical type of furnace associated with a recuperator.

FFig. 2 is a section on the line A-B of 1g. f y Fig. 3 is a vertical section artlyin elevation of a horizontal type o? furnace associated with a recuperator.

Fig. 4 is a vertical fragmentary section of a horizontal furnace associated with a steam generator. 1 y Fig. 5 is a vertical fragmentary section of a muie furnace, and

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of a modification. v Like reference numerals designate Plike parts throughout the several figures of the drawings, and the flow of gas, air and burnt gases ,is indicated by single, .double'aud triple headed arrows, respectively. 'y

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of thedrawings, 1 designates' a lining of brickwork'or other refractory material located within a jacket 2, y0f brickwork, rovided with a removable c'ov 'er.3.` The ining is xperforated witha large nunibenof holes 4, uniformly symmetrically or otherwise distributed and establishing communication between the interior of the furnace and an annular chamber 5. This chamber is divided into a number of independent sections by means of the annular'partltions 6 to which-sections air is admitted from the duct 7 through passages 9 and 10. The admission of air to each indithe furnace through the opening 12 after assing'fupy the duct 13 formed in the jacket.

he fuel gas passes down the interior of the l furnace in the form of a vertical tubular cone adjacent the lining and forms a blanket into which jets' of ,preheated air are admitted.

When jets of fuel are injected intov a furnace, soot or carbon is deposited in conl te ill ei* elielie the pe s "till/ien, lieweyer, es iii 'the pi'eseiit invention., jets oi" ait ie injected into tlie fuel g, s, a minimum ameuiit @i3 aii is iequiiecl complete eemlmstieii. lvoieeyei, tiie eemleustieii eiiiiel gas when supported ey tlie injected auf is eyifemetieally liettei than tlie eoialeiistioii iesultaiit Wliee alle same iuel gas is injected. inte ait and burned tlieieiii and @lees met de ,eesit soot ei earlieii all. Again when gas jets efe injected inte ai?, tlie contents of tlie furnace when lieatecl, eiieet ei iacliate lie-at en te tie furnace l'- v'. This iatliant lieat fea lily passes tliieugii tee' aii Wiiieli is diathemeiies and ultimately eestieys tlie liiiiiig. @n glie etlieia hand., aeeecliiig te tliis invention, tile iieat petliieecl by tile flame ei ai? is eadily tiansmittetl te @entes-ts @i the uiiieee but "when iietieeteel ei iaeiatetl lay the eonteets this lieat is absorbed by blanket ei gas Wliieli is atlie meiieiis, Geeseqiieiitly, not eiily is the iaeiatetl "lieat usem sidefable quantities .anti alley-'a slieit time,

is i, iiie iiiiiaees Wliieli is iiet iily difficult, if t expensive a te' ieliiie.

, The eil` perte l aie each elle passes the sa and consequently, tlie telfiipeiatiiie flame pieclueecl is substeatielly equal. i `lese ge in the liemes impiiige eil the aitiele te lee with tlie that tlie iii mimi el esult lieat eaieiies is impactetl te tee aitieleL1 ll/leieevei", a miiiifiium ef fuel ges escapes eemlaustien, ilteinatiyely, tlie .aie may lee symmetrically tlispeseel any filesirefl maiiiiein and popertieiiee se as te pe-etliiee ilames ef yaiyiieg temperatuie.

iiietlieiq advaiitageef thefiuriiaee above fleseiqibeel iesiiles iii the aet that the tempeiatuie in diifeieiit zones can loe regulated at will, Fei iestaiiee, et ioni' sections slim-m in Fig. l, any ene, twe ei" tiiiee el all est the sections may be used, Stated ailetliei wey, tile top ami bottom sections may be provided with. tile maximum quantity et eii te geiieate a maximum lieat, While the iiiiflclle sections may be pieyifletl vWitll a lesser quantity @i2 aii' to genera-te a lesseia lieat. in this manuel tlielieat applied te long eitieles suela as gan. baia'els maybe leeally eeiiteilecl te heat any ene paitieulei patte te a gieater extent than tlie etlie part ei For instance m tlie ease et taiaeiiiig hemel gfeete emeuiit el? ii reqiiii'etl tlie lai'ge eetl is Teen'`-` l ti e mel3 end iii eiclei feeglieut its vauxiliai'y lieatiiig appaietus suleli as a mittetl te tlie first section is iiisai'ieieiit ieezieise all the illel gas anal that a aitliei quantity eff aiii is admitted in sueceetling seetieiis te complete the Combustion.

Bidepeiitleiit inlets may loe provided iler eaeli immane section, as shown iii dotted liess at l, these inlets being ceiitelled ley tlampei's suela as il. lle this ease the athen iiieiieiis lelaiiliet may be eeiisicleied as eent 'sistiiig of a iliiiality ci tiiliulai` blankets.

'i e gli the inlet l2 and aeress the peti@ ate@k vault. The jets ei air, passing through lie blanket ei gas, piefcluce Flames Wl'iieli impiege "epee tlie eee-teiial iii tlie iiieaee. .Pls

eeaye flesemeefl the bumt gases pese tliieugh 'ile ilue l5 te tlie ieeuperatoi. The petti eie aila eii Way thi'ougli the recuperato? to eliamleei' 5 is iiitliea'ecl leyy a elottecl line.

iii Liediiieatien shown iii Fig. l the aiifilieyy appeiatus is iii the ferie et e Watei` talee boiler. tliis cese the amount @if aii1 admitted vertically dewiiwaici through tlie aieli eitlie :ture-ace is met sufeieiit .te consume all the ges :admitted at i2 lout the 'excess fuel gas is jeiiiiit by tlie jets ef ait admitted through 'the veitieal pait the lining se as te produce additional ii required oithe boiler. l-leie, again',

the blanket er sheet ei atliermaeeus @as poteets tlie iut-ease liiiiiig.

theirmuiiie iiuinaee shown iii Fig. 5,the biielt Vault is pretecteel by the gas blanket, ile the lieat is ieadily tiaiismitted to tlie ieieeaeteiy vessel i9 shown in elevation.

liietliei type of liufiiace is shown in Fig. 6 iii Wliieii the ges blanket passes along the sitles et the ieiracteiy vessel 19, While tlie iiiiiit gases pass out tliieugh the openings 2O which ae distiilouteci uiiiiemly.

A tliouglfi seveial iei'ms et the inventieii lieye been deseiibecl loy Way 0i example, ytime' iiiyeiitiei is met limited to the arrangements described, but may be eaii'ieci out in a 7a-I iriety Ways 'te suit difeieiit tequiiements ''iieut :leleatiiig 'life-am the eliaiaeteiistie Fume-dees may ine eenstiuetecl in Vdmettiaiiee with this invention 'fet' heating,

melting aimealing puipeses, `alicl im eueus liliis iet eenling leinieixs,

' claim iesl@ lenig provided with means for regulating an air supply about a central combustion chamber within said sections and one or more gas supply openings communicating with said combustion chamber.

2. A furnace comprising a plurality of superimposed hollow sections, each section provided with means for regulating an air supply about a central combustion chamber within said sections, one or more gas supply openings communicating with said combustion chamber and a recuperative air preheating means in communication With said combustion chamber and with said air supply means.

3. A vertical furnace comprising a central combustion chamber, a gas-inlet communicating with the upper end of said chamber, a cover'for said chamber, a dis,v

tributed air inlet means arranged symmet-l rically about said central combustion chamber and an outlet means communicating with the bottom of said chamber.

4. A vertical furnace comprising a central combustion chamber, a' gas inlet communicating with the upper end of said chamber, a cover for said chamber, a distributed air inlet means arranged about the central chamber an outlet means and a recuperative air preheating device in communication with said outlet and with said air inlet means.

5. A vertical furnace comprising a central combustion chamber, a gas inlet communicating with the upper end of said chamber, a cover for said chamber, a distributed and regulatable air means arranged about said central combustion chamber, an

outlet means anda recuperative air preheating device for supplying preheated air to the air supply means.

6. A vertical furnace comprising a central combustion chamber, partitions dividing the chamber into sections, one or more gas inlets communicating with the sections of said chamber, and independently regu.

latable distributed air supply means com' municating with the sections of said chamber.

7. A furnace comprising a cylindrical chamber, partitions dividing the chamber in sections, air distributing means comprising perforated annuli and disposed within the chamber to provide annular ducts for the ingress of air, one or more gas inlets for said chamber, a cover for .the top of the cylindrical chamber, an air inlet communicating with the sectional annular air ducts and provided with dampers for controlling the in'- gress of-air to the annular ducts and an outlet for the consumed gases at the bottom of the chamber.

8. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a gas inlet to said chamber, an air chamber, a multiplicity of ducts establishing communication between said air chamber and said combustion vchamber to produce a multiplicity of heating flames, lsaid ducts being disposed so as to cause the lames to impinge upon the material to be heated and means for controlling the temperaturesat diderent points of the combustion chamber.

9. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a gas inlet to said chamber, an air chamber, means for supplying preheated air to said air chamber, a refractory partition between said air and combustion chambers, a multiplicity of symmetrically distributed ports, in said refractory partition, said ports of different dimensions in said refractory partition, said ports being disposed so as to direct the multiplicity of flames of different temperatures produced to impinge upon the article to' be heated and an outlet for the burnt gases.

10. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber', a gas inlet to said chamber an air chamber formed in a plurality of independent sections, means for supplying preheated air t'o said air chamber, a refractory partition between said air and combustion chambers, a multiplicity of uniformly distributed ports, in said refractory partition, said ports being disposed so as to direct the multiplicity of flames produced to impinge upon the article to be heated and an outlet for the burnt gases and a means for regulating the temperatures in different sections of the furnace.

Signed at Brussels this rst day of August, 1914.

ALPHONSE BAUDOUIN CHANTRAINE.

In the presence of- ARMAND JOSEPH LABAUX, EMIL VOM WOMREELE.' l

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