US126323A

US126323A - Improvement in iron buildings and roofs

Info

Publication number: US126323A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1872-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 1889-04-30

Description

CHARLES H. PARKER.

Improvement -in Iron Buildings and Roofs.

No. 126,323. PatentedApriI30,1872.

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W MML UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IMPROVEMENT IN IRON BUILDINGS AND ROOFS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. l26,323, dated April 30, 1872.

To whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. PARKER, of Boston, Suffolk county, Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Structure of Iron Buildings and Roofs, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to structures, such as railway depots and like buildings, the frames of which are composed principally of iron.

The first part of my invention relates to the shoes on which the arches of the roof bear; the object being to obtain such a construction and arrangement of these parts as will allow of compensation for the differences in expansion between the arches and their horizontal ties, and will also give increased strength to the shoes.- The next portion of my invention relates to the purlins, which extend from end to end of the building or roof, for the purpose of supporting the ribs or arches; and its object is to provide for and take up, between the main arches or ribs or in each section or bay, the expansion and contraction of said parts, so that the strain may be removed which would otherwise come upon the end walls of the building. The invention also relates to the arrangement of the wind-ties for lateral bracing of the main arches; the object being to so arrange them as not to interfere with the harmony of the contraction and expansion of the parts in each bay or section, and also to so combine them with intermediate rafters as to form, with said rafters, a truss to laterally brace the main ribs.

The manner in which my invention is or may be carried into effect will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of so much of a building as is needed to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail, showing the construction of the purlins. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a part of the roof, representing the arrangement of wind-ties and intermediate rafters. Fig. 4 is a vertical section, transverse to the length of the building, through a part of a column and the end of the rib resting on it.

The bases of each of the metallic main ribs or arches A rest on shoes B, having a convex bearing-surface, w, as sufliciently indicated in the drawing. The ends of each arch are made correspondingly concave, so as to fit on the bearing-shoes properly. The bearing-surface of the shoe is curved in the arc of a circle struck from a center some distance below the shoe-say the point 0. The main object of this arrangement is to compensate for the unavoidable difi'erences in expansion between the arch and its horizontal tie C. When the arch ex- ,pands it rises, hanging on the point 0 below the bearing-shoe, whose curvature is struck with a radius, 0 w. The horizontal movement of the bases of the arch on the curved bearingsurfaces as will take up the expansion of the transverse horizontal arch-tie (J. This form of shoe, moreover, possesses not only the advantages stated, but it is also much stronger and not nearly so liable to fracture and break as it would be were it concave. The purlins D are cantalevered or bracketed out from the interior opposite sides of each pair of main ribs or arches A to the points of contrary flexurep; and between these two points, uniting each pair of purlins, is an independent girder, E, having a sliding connection or contraction and expansion joint with each part D.

The parts D E may be made solid, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2; or they may be made trusslike, as shown at D E, Fig. 2, there being, of course, an expansion and contraction joint between these parts at p, as above described.

The wind-ties F of the main arches or ribs are carried to points on the purlins within the points of contrary flexure p, as shown, so that the harmony of the expansion and contraction is not disturbed. Intermediate rafters G G are arranged between the main arches or ribs. Those immediately adjoining and on each side of each main rib or arch are connected to the purlins, so that t-hey are thus combined as chords with the wind-ties to form a truss to laterally'brace the main rib on opposite sides.

The whole structure is so arranged and the parts are so combined that each bay or section-comprising that portion of the building embraced between any two adjoining main ribs or archestakes care of its own expansion and contraction independently of that of the others, so that there is no accumulation of forces to strain the end walls of the structurea point of very considerable advantage in long buildings, such as railroad depots.

Having now described my invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the metallic main ribs or arches, their horizontal ties, and the convex bearing-shoes supporting the bases of said ribs or arches, substantially as and for the purposes herein described.

2. The combination, with the main ribs or arches, of purlins bracketed or cantalevered out from the interior opposite sides of any two adjoining ribs to the points of contrary flexure, and independent girders intermediate between and connected by expansion and contraction joints with said purlins, substantially as herein shown and described.

3. In combination with the main ribs or nesses.-

CHAS. H. PARKER. Witnesses:

GEO. N. MARCH, WM. A. BLODGETT.