US1260311A - Long-range centrifugal governor. - Google Patents

Description

G. A. BRONDER.

LONG RANGE CNTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION flLED MN. |5. |911.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

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GASTON A. BRONDER, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

LONG-RANGE CENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

Application filed J' anuary 15, 1917. Serial No. 142,394.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GASTON A. BRON-DER, a citizen of the United States, residing at 1874 East 12 street, Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Long-Range Centrifugal Governors, fully described and` represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a :par-t of the saine.

This invention relatesto a centrifugal governor connected with the controller of a steam-engine, water-wheel, electric dynamo, or any other niotor upon which the load is variable or the power operating is not uniform.

Such governors, as is well known, vary the application of the power to the inotor so as to maintain a uniform speed or operation of the motor as may be desired.

The present invention comprises a device applied to the governor for modifying the normal action of the governor, so that it may supply a normal amount of power when running at a given speed, or may be compelled to increaseits speed in performing its normal functions.

In a centrifugal `governor the balls are often jointed by arms to a fulcrum-block fixed rigidly to the rotating spindle, and also by other arms to a fulcrum-collar movable upon the spindle, the movement of which collar operates to vary the position of a steam-valve or other controlling agent which is operated by the governor.

',Lhe device consists of a spring applied to the spindle to bear upon the movable collar and resist the expansion of the balls, and means for varying the pressure of this spring upon the collar during the rotations of the spindle. y

In practice, I insert a spiral-spring upon the spindle between the fulcru'm-block and the fulcrum-collar in contact with the said collar, and apply a washer to the opposite end" of the spring.

To apply pressure to the spring, a sleeve is fitted to slide upon the spindle above the fulcruni-block, and connected through a slot or bore in the spindle to the pressing-waslier, so that any sliding motion of the sleeve may produce the desired pressure upon the` spring and the fulcruni-collar.

The invention also includes various dethe fulcruin-block and adjacent parts upon the spindle, in section on the center line of Fig. l; Fig. 4 is a plan of the fulcruin-block and the pressing-lever with the spindle insection on line 4 4 in Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a plan of the' pressing-washer and linkbearing with the spindle in section on line 5 5 in Fig. 3.

The governor is shown with a frame A having a spindle B extended between bearings C and C upon the upper and lower parts of the frame. Gearing D and a shaft D are provided to rotate the spindle in its bearings.

The governor-frame is shown set upon a valve-body E having seats F, F', through which a cylindrical balanced valve G is movable. A The body has an inlet E and an outlet E2. The valve is movable by means 0f a valve-stein ay which has a swivel connection a Lto a rod Z) which is extended up within the spindle and connected to the fulcrum-collar c by means of a cross-pin d.

Balls f are jointed by arms to ears upon the fulcrum-collar c and have links f connecting them with the fulcrum-block f/ which is attached to the spindle to rotate therewith above the fulcruni-collar c.

Immediately below the fulcriiin-block the spindle is provided with two washers c and e, between which a relatively light spiralspring 7i. is inserted. Between the lower washer e and the fulcruni-collar C, a heavier spring it is inserted, contacting constantly with the fulcruin-collar and the said washer.

The expansion of the balls f by ceiitrifugal force throws them toward the positions indicated by the dfzotted circles f2, and operates to raise the iilerum-collar c, drawing upward with it the rod I) and valve G. The valve is formed with two disks G which, when the valve is raised, simultaneously close the openings in the valve-seats F, F.

It is obvious that any pressure upon the upper washer e produces a spring resistance to the lifting of the fuleruni-collar c,

and thus necessitates a more rapid rotation of the governor-balls to maintain the valve G in a given position.

The pressure is applied to the springs wholly through the upper washer e and, owing to the lightness of the spring h, it produces rst a relatively small resistance to the expansion of the governor-balls; but the washers are formed with hubs h2 which contact after a. predetermined yielding of the spring l1., and transmit the pressing force to the stronger springy h.

As the springs and the washers lie entirely between the ulcrum-block and fullCrum-collar they can only be reached to compress the spring through the interior of the spindle. This may be done through a bore extending to the extreme upper end of the spindle, or by a pressure-lever ,1c pivoted in a slot Z across the spindle in connection with the fulcrum block, and jointed to the upper washer by a link Zu.

The pino on which the pressure-lever c is journaled, is shown in Fig. 4 operating also as the means to secure the fulcrumblock g rigidly upon the spindle The link lc is shown jointed to the washer e by a bridge Z which is extended across the slot Z and at its opposite ends fitted to notches in the top of the washer.

The link 7: is formed, as shown in Fig. l, with a body of the same thickness as the breadth of the slot, and the bridge Z and end of' the pressure-lever 7c are fitted into notches across the ends of the link and the bridge is narrowed at the middle of its width, as shown in Fig. 5, to enter the lower notch of the link.

The slot Z of the spindle extends through the :Fulcrum-block g and the washers e, c, so that the bridge Z moves downward in the slot when the washer is pressedl down by the raising of the pressure-lever c.

In Fig. 1, the washer e is shown pressed upward, by the springs, against the fulcrumblock g, but in Fig. 3, the washer is shown,

pressed downward somewhat, by a partial raising of the pressure-lever 7.3.

Such pressure-lever swings around as the spindle is rotated, and a sleeve z' is fitted to move longitudinally upon the upper end of the`spindle within the upper bearing C, and provided with a link J connected to thepressure-arm.

The sleeve is provided with afeather Z to rotate it with the spindle B, and a joint-piece m is connected to itsoupper end by a swivel n so that a non-rotating rod o may be employed to raise and lower the sleeve.y

It will be observed that the pressure-lever and the link L form a toggle` which is straightened when the lever lo is pulled upwardly by the link j. This `straightening of the toggle is coincident with the maximum compression of the spring h', and compensates for such increased pressure bythe increased force exerted by the toggle as its members move into a straight line with one another.

The effect of this construction is to produce a uniform resistance to the movement of the pressure-lever, although the resistance of the springincreases with its compression.

The provision of a toggle for compressing the spring causes a low degree of thrust upon the sleeve z', and the parts m and n, which form a swivel connection with the non-rotating rod 0,' also upon the bearing of the joint-piece m against the to-p of the sleeve t'- The lubrication of these parts can there fore be better maintained than if they were subjected to an irregular or severe thrust, and their durability is thus secured.

The rod 0 forms an adjacent piece which may be connected to any mechanism propelled by the motor which the governor controls, and which mechanism may require variations of speed from time to time, which must be furnished through a variable speed of motor. j

As'an example, a conveyer for delivering sugar-canes to the chute which supplies the crushing-rolls is commonly supplied with the canes so unevenly that the strain upon the rolls is greatly varied from time to time.

A uniform delivery of' the cane through the chute can be effected by a vertically movable wheel arranged to bear upon the layer of cane just before it is delivered from the conveyer to the chute, and such wheel raised and lowered wby the .variations in the layer of cane. j

Such movement of the wheel by communication to the adjacent piece o would7 through the agency of the governor, induce a greater speed of the conveyer when a thin layer was moving to the delivery point, and a diminished speed of the conveyer when a thick layer was being delivered.

This attachment for governors involves fects an automatic variation in the speed of l the engine to which it is connected.

The valve G being connected to a steamengine, lpressure upon the spring compels the governor and the engine, with which it is positively connected, to run at a higher speed. Conversely, the removal or reduction of the spring-pressure against the fulcrum-collar when the governor isrotating at a certain speed, permits a greater expansion of the balls at that speed and a larger opening of the valve. This results from the attachment of the thrust-collar c to the control-rod b, by which the governor controls the `position of the valve4 or other regulating agency with Awhich it may be connected.

The pressure of the spring tends to open the valve G in opposition to the expansion of the balls f, and the operation would be 'Jini l the same if the spring operated directly upon the control-rod and tending in some measure to open the valve when the expansion of the governor-balls was tending to close such valve. i y i Where the spring is applied to press upon the movable fulcrum-collar of the governor, it alters the relation of the governor-balls to the control-rod, so that a higher speed of the balls is necessary to close the valve, or a greater opening of the valve is-eflected with the same speed of the balls.

I-Iaving thus set forth the nature of the invention what is claimed herein is:

l. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with a spindle having a bearing near one end with means for rotating the spindle, of a fulcrum-block fixed to the spindle and a fulcrum-collar movable upon the spindle with balls jointed to such block and collar, a spring applied to the spindle and operating upon the collar to resist the expansion of the balls, a bearing for the outer end of the spindle, an adjusting piece movable longitudinally beyond or outside of the said bearing, and means connecting the adjusting piece with the spring through the said bearing, to vary the pressure of the spring upon thc collar during the rotations of the spindle.

Q. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with a vertical spindle and means for rotating the same, of a fulcrum-block fixed to the spindle and a fulcrum-collar movable upon the spindle, the balls being jointed to such block and collar, a spiralspring upon the spindle between the block and collar, the spindle having a slot extending through the fulcrum-block and means operating through the said slot to press the spring toward the fulcrum-collar during the rotations of the spindle.

3. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with an upright spindle, of a bearing at its lower end and means for rotating the spindle, a regulator-sleeve movable verl tically upon the upper end of the spindle, a connection for reciprocating the sleeve, a bearing supporting the sleeve, a fulcrumblock fixed to the spindle above the plane of the balls, a fulcruIn-collar movable upon the spindle near the lower bearing, balls jointed to the fulcrum-block and collar, a spiral-spring upon the spindle in Contact with the fulcrum-collar, the spindle having a slot extending through the fulcrum-block, and means connected with the regulatorsleeve operating through the said slot to compress the spiral-spring and vary the action of the governor, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with a vertical spindle and means for rotating the same, of a fulcrum-block fixed to the spindle and a fulcrum-collar movable upon the spindle with balls jointed to such block and collar, a spring upon the spindle next to the fulcrum-collar, a regulator-sleeve movable upon the upper end of the spindle and having a swivel connection to reciprocate it thereon, and a connection from the sleeve to the spring for compressing the same during the rotation of the spindle.

5. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with a vertical spindle and means for rotating the same, of a fulCrum-collar movable upon the spindle, a fulcrum-block fixed to the spindle above the same with balls jointed to such block andcollar, a spring upon the spindle next to the fulcrumcollar, twowashers upon the spindle at the upper end of such spring with a much weaker spring between the said washers, a regulator-sleeve movable upon the upper end of the spindle having a swivel connection to reciprocate it thereon, and a connection from the said sleeve to the upper washer for exerting a compressing force first upon the weaker spring and finally upon the stronger spring, thus producing a ,gradually increasing resistance to the expansion of the governor balls.

6. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with a vertical spindle and means for rotating the same, of a fulcrum-collar movable upon the spindle, a fulcrum-block fixed to the spindle above the same with balls jointed to such block and collar, a spring upon the spindle next to the fulcrum-collar, two washers upon the spindle at the upper end of such spring with a much weaker spring between the said washers, a regulator-sleeve movable upon the upper end of the spindle having a swivel connection to reciprocate it thereon, the spindle having a slot extending through the upper washer and the fulcrum-block, a lever journaled in the slot and linked to the upper washer, and a connection from the sleeve to the arm of the said lever whereby the upward movement of the sleeve operates to compress the springs upon the spindle and thus oppose a resistance to the expansion of thcgovernor balls.

In testimony' whereof I have hereunto set my hand. A

GASTON A. BRONDER.

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