US1259988A - Hydrocarbon-motor. - Google Patents

Description

B. HUFF.

HYDROCARHON MOTOR.

:1 APPLICATION FILED !ULY26.1909.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

z P r m M/ w a, 5 m 2 1 h, 4 3 85 0 0 h 8 2' 6 K 3 42 3 6 v 3 v Q 4 v 2 s V 4 7 8 mu A\ @m q 3 6 D D 3 O a 9 7 m 2 w 0 w 2 m u \E \Q 2 2 5 2 H3 om 4 MW 1 a W F 9 m 5 m 1 R. HUFF. nvnnocms'ou MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 26. I909.

1,259,988. Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

' I 4SHEETS-SHEET2.

a. HUFF. NYDROCARBON MUTO'R.

MPLICATlON FILED JULY 26; 1909.

Patentd Mar. 19, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

R. HUFF.

HYDRGCARBON MOTOR.

APPLIQATION FILED 1ULY 26. I909.

"1,259,988Q Pzitented Mar.19,1918.

UNITED STATES Parana: OFFICE. I

nussnminnrr, or nnrnorr, nrcmeaa: ASSIGNOB T PACKARD Moron can courm.

OF DETBOIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

nvnnocannon-no ron.

To all euhom it may concern: Be 11; known that I, RussELL Horn, a cit-1- zen of the United States, and resident of i Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michicarbon engines but certain features are useful when used in engines of other types. In engines of the valve sleeve type as heretofore. constructed one or more valve sleeves slideinside of'the cylinder and the piston slides inthe-sleeve or sleeves.

The valvesleeve ,or sleeves are thus subjected to the side thrust of the piston causing Wear and twisting and valve sleeves. ii One of the objects of this invention is to arrange the valve sleeves so that they are straining of the .free from the side thrust of thepiston.

=A-nother object: is to provide a movable head or exhaust plunger which will aid to clear the cylinder of'the exhaust gases.

Another object is to construct the cylinder and cylinder head as one structure and thus dispense u ith the external or broken connections between the'jackets in the cylinder and in the head. Another object is to provide a simple and compact m'e'cha-nism'for operating the valve sleeves and provide a housing therefor.

Another object is to locate and construct the exhaust ports of the cylinders of a multicylinder enginesothat the exhaust of one cylinder. will not interfere with the exhaust Another object so that they are easily accessible.

Another object'is to provide a novel ignition system in which the spark plugs. for the'individu'alcylinders are-"connected in seriesand in which the timing of ignition is controlled by parts in the valve sleeve or sleevesra Other objects will appear in the detailed description. 1. 9h the drawings;

is to locate the spark plugs fiFigure 1 -1s' a vertical sect onfonthe-line 1- 1. FigJ Q, showing 'the lpistonand other workingrmuts in' upner-deadcentenposition of the exhaust stroke.

Specification of Letters I'atent.

ground surface 31, ofithe cylinder. Aw

Patented Mar.,1 1918.

Application filed July 26, 1909. Serial No. 509,594.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line of F 1g. '1.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 1 1, 2,

showing the piston and the other working partsin upper dead center position of the compression stroke.

Fig. i is a section on the line 4+1, Fig. 2, showing the piston and the other working parts in upper dead center position of the exhaust stroke.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a four-cylinder engine showing the ignition system, and the cylinders 3 and 4 being shown in section.

Fig.6 which shows another .form of this invention "is a vertical section on theline 6-6, Fig. 7, showing the piston and the other working parts in the upper dead cen-g ter-position of the exhaust stroke. 1

Fig. 7 is a section on the line 77, Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section showing a third form of this invention.

Fig. 9 is a vertical section showing a fourth form of this invention.

Referring to the drawings. 20 designates the crank case to which is bolted the cvlinder 21. The cylinder is provided with a water jacket 22 and the head of the cylin der which is cast integral with'the cvlinder body is provided with a water jacket 23. The cylinder walls are provided with an inlet port 24: and an exhaust port 25. The head and body of the cvlinder are connected by cored connections 26 which are provided with communicating ducts 26' connecting head is machined and ground and provided with packing rings 31. A pair, of superposed valve .sleeves .32,- 33 slide on .ve or eccentric shaft 34 is mounted imhea smg '35- at the',.upner:.end. of the cvIinder-head}and isoperated from'thecranksh ft thrqugh tlie s zfi I -leea s 35". h ta tafihai .is'provided, with afpair of eccentr cs ha ring cranks-36., .36. which arev angularly'displaeed -.anp1-oximately, 80,v degrees. "the eccentrie56 o the e e-beina in adraasant th ccentric '36 for the outer sleeve- These eccentrics are connected to blocks 36* which slide in slideways 37 in the cross bars 38, 38, formed "integral with or otherwise secured to the valve sleeves 32, 33. The valve sleeves are cutaway at 89 to clear the valve'shaft '34 and are provided with inlet-ports 40 and exhaust ports 40, which cooperate with the inlet and exhaust ports in the cylinder walls.

The operation of these valves will be obvious from the drawings. The inlet and exhaust ports in the valve sleeves and cylinder coiiperate at proper times in the cycle of Operations ofthe engine. By placing the valve shaft at the head of the cylinder and connecting the eccentrics with the cross bars by the sliding connection, a direct pull is exerted upon the valve sleeves and thus all twisting and straining is obviated.

A movable exhaust plunger or head 41 is provided withpacking rings 41 and slides in the cylinder head and is actuated from an eccentric or crank 43 on the valve shaft through a connecting rod 42'. The plunger is shown in two extreme positions in Fig. i and Fig. 3. During the exhaust stroke of the piston, the plunger moves downwardly and aids to clear the cylinder of the exhaust gases. During the compression stroke and at the beginning of the ignition, the plunger is at.its upper extreme position and forms an expl sion chamber of relatively large area, This operation of the plunger is obtained by operating it from the 2 to 1 valve shaft 34. s The valve sleevesare inclosed by a casing 44 which is provided with a flange 45 bolted to an annular flange or projection 46 by means of bolts 46. This casing has formed thereon an inlet port 47 and an exhaust port 48, which ports aline with the ports in the cylinder and which are provided with suit able flanges for attachment to the inlet pipe or manifold '49 and exhaust pipe or manifold 50. The casing thus forms an annular space 51 forming the valve chamber. A vent or drip pipe 52 connects the lower part of the valve .chamber 51 with the crank case 20. Since the valve sleeve eccentrics are spaced less than 180 degrees apart, the pressure-in the lower part of the valve chamber will vary and. therefore it is necessary that a vent be provided. The oil which accumulates in the bottom of the valve chamber passes t-hrough the vent and drip pipe 52 to the 55 crank case. A cap 53 is holted'to the easing 44 and incloses the v'alveshaft and its connections which are located at the head end of the cylinder. 1 v

The cylinder wall is provided with a spark port 54 anda spark plug 55 is suitably secured to the casing 44, as shown in Figs. 1' and 5. The valve sleeves are provided with spark ports 56 which aline with the port 54 located'in the cylinder' wall at a predetermined time during the operation of dead center of its exhaust stroke.

the engine. spark plugs 55 in series with the secondary 58 of the transformer or induction coil, the primary 59 of which is connected in series with a battery or magneto 60 and the commutator 61, .and the usual adjusting arm 62 is provided which is connected to the governor and varies the time of ignition of the charge. Suitable switches 63 are provided which bridge the spark plugs so as to cut them out and permit the testing of the-separate cylinders.

As shown particularly in Fig. 5, the, ports 24, 25, are arranged opposite each other and diagonally, so that ports 24 in cylinders l and 2 open diagonally toward each other,

and the same is true of ports 24 in cylinders 3 and 4. The exhaust ports of cylinders l and 2 open diagonally away from each other, and the same is true of the exhaust ports of cylinders 3 and 4. This arrangement of ports has several advantages in the present engine. As is well known inthe art, in a'multi-cylinder motor the exhaust port of each cylinder is usually opened when Connections 57 connect the the piston is about two-thirds of the way down on its working. or firing stroke and is not closed until the piston reaches the upper There fore, in a four-cylinder motor with the cylinders firing 1, 2, 4, 3, the exhaust port of cylinder 2 will open before the exhaust v port of cylinder 1 has closed, and it is found in practice that if these ports are arranged to enter the exhaust manifold at contiguous points, the exhaust gases from der 1, irom which the exhaust gases have vbeen very nearly expelled. The exhaust cylinder 2 will be blown directly into cylin- 5, this objection is overcome; As cylinder 3 immediately follows cy linder.4 in firing, it is also necessary to separate these exhaust ports, but as cylinder 2 never immediately follows 3 in firing, or vice versafthe exhaust ports of these cylinders may be arranged contiguous.

In the present invention there is another advantage from the diagonalarrangement of'the ports as shown. Vith these ports arranged at right angles to the. plane of the center lines of the cylinders. there would be no space between the ports for the insertion of the spark plug except in the end cylinders, but by arranging the ports diagonally the space between the ports is moved around sothat a spark plug may be arranged in the space: in the side of the, cylinder and be accessible from one side of, the motor, as. shown in Fig. 5., i In the present invention this spark plug hasbeen arranged the side wflfztllfi cyiindcrwtor two purposesp First,

. becauseit .wouldfbe inaccessibleit placed in z the movable head 41 andpsecond, because it his desiredto simplify the ignition system by arranging all four spark plugs inseries with the secondary of the transformer or 111- duction coil, whereby each spark plug willproduce. four sparks during a complete cycle "of-the motor; .Smcethe valve sleeves are the proper. firing moment, whereby only one I 320 of ja distri-buter and the usual distributor provided-with suitable ports whichcoiipen :ate withthe sparkport in the cylinder wall, ,the spark. plug will be placed in'communication with the interior of the cylinder at of said four sparks will be operative in the cylinder. Thus the sleeves act in. the nature and'allzbut one of the high tension wires may bet-dispensed with.

I: Thesparkvplug 55.111213 be of the type illustrated in patent to Roche No. 724,945, I ;-dated' April '7 ,"1903, this spark plug being mscre'wed 'into the casing tatwhich has formed I therein a spark plug chamber alined with the spark port-:54: in the cylinder Wall. It is not necessary that this sparking device be of thehigh tension jump spark type,

sinceitis possible to use a make and break MdBVlC. v

- Referring to Figs. 6 and 7 whichshowan- 1'. cylinder head other formof this invention, the cylinder 21 and head 41" are cast in a single piece, the being cored to provide a water =jacket 23'- which communicateswith the water'jacket .22 in the cylinder, therducts 26 in'the connections 26. valve sleeve" 32,' is operated by means of a sliding rod 64 connected to an eccentric 66 1by means of the connecting 65. The outeryalvesleeve 33 is provided with an extension 67 :whichis connected to a rod 69 :by means of the nreinforced piece 68'. The

r0d'-69 is "operated from the eccentric 71 by I 'meansofaiconnecting rod 70. The eccen- -trics' 66 and71 are mounted upon the eccen- "tri'c shaftsmwhich are driven from the "crankshaft by-(means of the usual 2" to 1 'gigearing 73'. Thecasing dais provided with an ma -Orr 4T": andanend exhaust port 48"." *The'ports inthis type of invention are "placed at right anglesto the center line of ii}; the; cylinder since thelspark plu may? be 41' ofthecy inder. The F casin g 44: is connected to the cylinder head vvhicha is secured to 1 the casin g-and the head 'ineans,of clamping rlngsyfitl ffid re-- actively. "By means of this construction the cyli fders" ay 11 be placed close together,-

::. The 'operatidnmf this ass; to

the operation of to lv-inclusive. The piston and the other working I parts arev shown in the upper? dead center-position of the, exhaust stroke. AL

by means of The the form shown in Figs. 1

though the operating mechanism. isshown as mounted below the cylinder, it-is obvious that this mechanism inay belocated atthe head end of the cylinder, as in the form shown in Figs. '1 to 4 inclusive.

Referring to Fig. 8 which shows a third form ofthis invention, the cylinder is provided with an enlarged annular portion or recess 74 which forms a stop shoulder 74:. y The cylinder is provided with a lining 75 which has formedthereon an annular flange or projection 75*,"which abuts against the shoulder 7a and is adapted to be secured to the cylinder by means of bolts, as shown. Thezlining is provided with the head or sec tion 76' rovided with packing rings 76. This section terminates at substantially the line of the inlet and exhaust ports which are formed in the cylinder walls. The annular recess and the head 7 6 form the valve chamber 51in whichreciprocate the valve sleeves 32, 33, which are providedwith the usual inlet, exhaust and spark ports and which are operated by mechanism placedat the head end of the cylinder, as in the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 3. In thisform of invention. the exhaust plunger or head 41 slides'inside of the valve sleeves.

In this form of invention the valve sleeves are located between the'cylinder l'iningand the water jacket. Since this lining is rigidly supported against transverse movement, the side thrust of the piston will be taken upentirely by the cylinder walls and the lining, and will not be transmitted to the valve sleeves, and since these valve sleeves are op-- erated by mechanism, the. connections of which transmit the power by direct pull, all straining, twisting and wear of the valve sleeves is obviated. The operation of the valve sleeves is similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 4: inclusive. i v

Referring to Fig. 9, which shows a fourth form ofthls invention, the valve sleeves 32 and 33ers mounted in the interior of the cylinder and the. movable exhaust plunger or head is mounted in these sleeves, as in the construction shown in Fig. 8. The piston 7 7 is provided with a reduced portion 78 which is of slightly less diameter than the internaldiameter of the innervalve sleeve 32. The

.outer-valvesleeve is, provided with the usual packing rings' 33a; By means of the above inconstructiomthe s de thrust ofthepiston is transmitted wholly to the wallssofthe cylinder and .not to the superposed valve sleeves 32,33. T hemechanism for operatingthe valvesleevcs is similar to inFigs. 1 to l inclusive. e a In all of the above forms-the'in'vention 1S shown as applied Ito-a hydrocarbon" en- 3 that shown gine. Various features of thisv invention I claim is may however be applied to other types of engines, for instance, to steam engines; It is also to be understood that this invention is not to be limited to a plurality of superposed sleevessince it is possible to operate an en-' gine of this type with the single sleeve and -with a plurality of sleeves which are not superposed.

It is further obvious that various changes may be made in the details ofconsti'uetion without. departing from the spirit of this invention-and it is therefore to be understood vthat this invention is not to be limited to the 1.

specific construction shown and described.

' Having a pair of cot'iperating valve-sleeves guided ,bythe cylinder, a plunger at the head end "of said cylinder and slidable in one of the sleeves, revoluble means arranged at the head end of the cylinder and operated by the crank shaft of the engine for actuating said sleeves and'for moving the head toward the piston on the exhaust stroke and away from the piston on the compression stroke, and a.

cap carried by,the cylinder and inclosing said means.

' 2. In an engine, the combination with a cylinder provided with an enlarged portion 1 forming a shoulder, of a cylinder lining providedwith an annular flange intermediate its ends adapted to engage the shoulder and forming a valve chamber between the out side of the lining and the enlarged portion.

' 3. In a hydrocarbon engincrthe combination with a cylinder having 'a'cylinder head and ports, of a piston working therein, an exhaust plunger working in the cylinder head, and a plurality of superposed valve sleeves, between the cylinder and plunger.

.4. In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head and ports, of a piston Working therein, an

exhaust plunger working in the cylinder head and all parts of which are located in front of the head of the piston, a valve sleeve 1 between the cylinder and plunger, and mechanism for operating the piston and plunger inder, a lining for the cylinder, the wall of in timed relation so that the clearance is a minimum during exhaust and a maximum during the compression and ignition.

'5, In a hydrocarbon engine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head and ports, of a piston working in the cylthe cylinder being provided with an annular recess forming with the lining, a valve cham ber, a valve sleeve working in the valve chamber and extending into the cylinder head, and a plunger working in the head end ofthe valve sleeve.

6.'Ii1 a hydrocarbon engine, the combina= described my invention WhatI.

hydrocarbon motor, the combinationof a cylinder, a working piston therein,

tion witha cylinder having a cylinder head and ports, of a piston working in the cylinder, a lining for the cylinder, the'wall of the cylinder being provided with an annular recess forming with the lining a valve cham her, a valve sleeve working in the valve chamber and extending into the cylinder head, a plunger working in the head end of,

the valve sleeve, and mechanism mounted at the head end. of the. cylinder for 0 crating the sleeve and plunger in timed 're ation.

7. In an engine of the class described, the

combinationof a cylinder, a liner therefor having its lower end in engagement with said cylinder, said cylinder being spaced therefrom above, a valve mechanism com-' prising a sleeve surrounding said liner Within said space, and means for operating'saidvalve sleeve.

8. In an engine of the class described, the

- combination of a cylinder, a liner therefor cylinder a plurality of valve sleeves out of .contact'with said piston, and means for opcrating said sleeves.

,7 10. An internal combustion engine having a cylinder, open at both ends, a working piston slidable in the cylinder, a plunger slidable in an end'of' the cylinder toward and from the'piston, ports in the cylinder, a sleeve valve controlling said ports and projecting above the last mentioned cylinder end, a cross bar carried by the corresponding end of the sleeve, a revoluble shaft. located admitting lubr1- above the said ends, eccentric means connecting the shaft and bar, wherebythe sleeve valve is. operated, fand means connecting the said shaft and plunger and operable tomove the plunger toward the piston when the piston is making an exhaust stroke.

11. An internal combustion engine aving a cylinder, a working piston slidable in the. cylinder, ports in the cylindeig-a sleevevalve controlling said. ports" and projecting above thaend of the cylinder, a bar extending [across the corresponding end, of the sleeve,

a revoluble shaft located above the said end, and eccentric means connecting the bar and shaft, whereby the sleeve valve is operated. 12. An internal combustion engine, having a cylinder, a working piston slidable in the 7 cylinder, ports in the cylinder, a sleeve valve controlling said ports and projecting above the end of the cylinder, at bar extending sleeve actuating parts.

- sleeve projecting above the end of the cylcombination of a cylinder having its more cylinder, ports'in the cylinder,

13. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder,

a piston slidable in the a plurality of sleeve valves controlling said ports, each inder, a bar extendin across the end of each sleeve, a revoluble s aft located above the bars, and eccentric means connecting each bar and the shaft whereby the sleeves are actuated.

14. In an internal combustion engine, the

enlarged adjacent the head end, a liner seated in the small bore and extending into the larger bore thereby, forming an annular space, a piston operable in said liner, asleeve valve located in said space, a plunger work ing in said sleeve and above the end of the liner, and means arranged at the end of the cylinder for actuating said sleeve andmoving the plunger toward the piston when it is making an exhaust stroke.

15. An internalcombustion engine having a c linder, -a. working piston slidable in the cyl nder, orts in the cylinder, a sleeve valve controlling said ports and projecting above the end of the cylindeiya bar extending across the projecting end of the sleeve, a. shaft operatively connected w1th said piston,

and angularly movable means operated by said shaft connected to said bar, said sleeve valve is operated.

16. An internal combustion en 'ne having a cylinder, a working pisto sli able in the cylinder, ports in the cylin er, sleeve valves controlling said ports and projecting above the end of the cylinder, bars extending across the pr'ojectin ends of the sleeves, ashaft operatively connected with said piston, and angularly movable means operated by said shaft connected to said bars whereby said sleeve valves are operated.

17. An internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a Working piston slidable in the cylinder, a crank shaft connected with the piston, ports in the cylinder, a pair of sleeve valves controllin the orts, and means for actuating the said va ves from the crank shaft including a connection to one sleeve arranged' on one side of the axis of the sleeves and a connection to the other sleeve arranged on the opposite side of said axis.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' RUSSELL HUFF.

whereby Witnesses:

O. I. DALE, E. N. HEARN.

Correction in Letters PatentNo. 1,259,988;

IL is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,359,988, gnmlud March 1!),

1918, upon the npplicaLion of .Ub'hl! Hufl'. of Dvtruil. Mil-Mp1). fur :m improv mnnt in llydl'ocu rhnn-h'lotmrs. am crl'nrnppvnrs in tin prinlml specification requiring correction as fnliuws; Page 4. line. 109, r'luim [0.41mi line 1152 claim H. auul page 5, line 1,0lnim l2, fur tho won! correspumling" rend nwjl-viin d h m sfiid Letters Pall- 111. should he mud with this currecLim) (hex-(in Linn 1w slung, mv

conform to the rocurd of the (use in the Patent (Jfiice.

Signed and sealed this 30th day of April, A. 1)., 1918.

[SEAL] I". W. 1]. (fl,.-\ Y.

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