US1254720A - Packing-ring. - Google Patents

Description

A. J. MUMMERT.

v PAGKING RING.

APPLICATION men ma. I9, 1916.

Patented Jan. 29, 1918.

Arden I J TTOKNE I".

- of gas or similar engines,

referred to,

1': DEN 3'. IVI'UMMERT, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, .AS-SIGNOR '130 McQUAY-NORRIS MANU- FACTUBING; COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

FACKING-RING.

Patented Jan. 29, Twin.

Applicatitinfiled February 19, 1916. Serial No. 79,334.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARDEN J. Mrmnmn'r, a-citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Packing-Rings, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention has relation to improvements in piston-head packing rings; and it consists in the novel construction of ring more fully set forth in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

The present-is an extension of the 1nvention embodied in my application for pacle ing rings, Serial N umber 15,322, filed March 18, 1915, Patent No. 1,210,6H, dated January 1917,) wherein the general object soughtas to prevent the lubricating oil which .distributes itself over the inner cylinder walls from entering the combustion or explosion chamber of such engine. In the present embodiment of my invention I provide the packing-ring with a main oil-collecting basin or pocket the outer edge of which scrapes the oil from the cylinder walls with'each driving stroke of the piston, said main basin or pocket (or series of pockets) operating in con nnction with a supplemental basin or pocket- (or series of pockets) serving as a storage chamber for any excess which the main basin or pocket can not accommodate, or for such portions of the lubricant which might in the operation of the engine find their way past theanain basin or pocket into the space between the inner walls of the cylinder and the outer walls of the piston. The said supplemental or storage basin thus serves to intercept these portions of the lubricantor oil before they can possibly find their way into the combustion or explosion chamber, the retention of the oil in said storage basin making it possible-to leave the surfaces between the cylinder and Piston always well lubricated. The advantages of the improvement will be fully appreciated from the following detailed description thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings in which-'- A Figure 1 represents a middle longitudinal sectioncf. a gas-engine cylinder, with the piston in elevation showing two of my rings (which application matured into lower edge e as shown applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a plan of the ring, detached; F ig. 8 is an edge view thereof; Fig. t is an enlarged cross-section on the line 4;-'l of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is an edgeview of a modified form of ring in which the suppleinental or storage member is in the form of a series of independent basins or receptacles in lieu of the continuous basin shown in the main form; Fig. 6 is an edge view of a portion of a ring showing a further modification, wherein the main and supplemental basins are in the form of independent receptacles distributed circularly about the periphery of the ring in lieu of the con tinuous basins shown in Figs. 1' to i inclusive; Fig. 7 is a cross-section of a ring showing a further modification of an oilscraping basin having tapering terminals;

Fig. 8 is a cross-section of a still further modification showing the oil-scraping receptacles in the form of a series oftubular pockets inclined axially to the axis of the ring; Fig. 9 is a cross-section showing the oil-scraping basin formed by the assembled halves of a circularly-split ring; and 10 is a cross-section showing the scraping basin formed on a ring composed of two bands one inclosed within the other.

Referring to the drawings, and for the present to Figs. 1 to 4: inclusive, C represents the engine cylinder and P the piston, the same being herein shown as equipped with two rings. The ring comprises an annular resilient splint band 1 which is deposited (as well understood in the art) in the annular peripheral groove h of the piston, the band being expanding in character and tending to hug the walls of the cylinder when inserted thereinto. Disposed along the outer cylindrical face of the ring or band contiguous to the edge thereof which faces the crank case (not shown) or at what corresponds to the outer lower corner of the band, is a basin or receptacle a the walls whereof terminate respectively in a cutting edge e, which for convenience may be termed the upper edge (the piston being supposed to be driven downward on the explosion or combustion stroke) and in a. (Fig. 4:). lhe edge e. scrapes the inner walls of the cylinder C with a downward or driving stroke of the piston. thus scraping up the film of oil on the cylinder walls, the oil scraped up finding its way into the basin (1 past the edge e Fig.

' whereupon cesses or overflows fromthe being otherwise constructed in through the annular clearance or passageway .03 formed between the cylinder walls and the edge e which is spaced the necessary distance from said walls. The walls of the basin a are inclined to the axisof the ring (the lower wall ofthe basin only need be so inclined) so that on the' back or upstroke of the-piston, the oil gathered bythe basin on the forward or downstroke, maybe released and caused to be spread over the cylinder walls.

In many instances the quantity of oil scraped and gathered up by the cutting edge e as described,is larger than the collecting basin a can conveniently accommodate, a certain portion of the lubricant .finds its way between the piston and cylinder Walls beyond the basin and eventually reaches the explosion chamber. To prevent any such result I provide the ring with a supplemental annular basin a disposed in proximity and parallel to, the main basin a, said basin a interceptlng any exbasin (1, and storing ,the same, the oil thusstored serving to. lubricate the surfaces without any tendencyhowever to.flow into the explosion chamber". Asshown in Figs. land 4, the basins a, a, are disposed in-parallel planes at right angles or transverse to, the axis of the piston and its cylinder. The. storage basin a may be said to be rearward of the basin a, being that, the oil is gathered by the latter basin on the forward or driving stroke of the piston, in' which stroke the basin .a-is in advance or forward of the basin (1. Theedges of the opposite wa ls of the basin a both engage the cylinder walls, that is .to say-there is no clearance such as the clearance (1 existing between the edge e of the basin a and the inner walls of the cylinder. The basin a being spaced from-.thebasin a, there remains between the basins (Fig. 4) a cylinder bearing surface, the edges of the walls of the rear basin a being disposed on the periphery of the cylinder by which said bearing surface is defined.

In lieu of making the basin a continuous about the periphery of the ring, I provide the. latter with a series of individual basins, or pockets, or receptacles m at predetermined points-aboutithe ring periphery as shown in the modification in Fig. 5, whose aggregate capacity will be sufficient to take care of all the over-flow from the main scraping and collectingbasin a, this ring 1" al particulars the same as the form first described, and being identified in such particulars by the same reference letters. In Fig. 6. I show a: ring 10 in which the outer basin is in the form of a series of discontinuous basins, pockets or receptacles it having cutting and oil releasing edges t, t, spectiitely to theedges e,

corresponding ree, of the previous forms described, the storage basins m being the same as those shown in Fig. '5. In F ig. 7 I show a ring 11 in which theterminals of the scraping basin w taper gradually toward the side of the ring, said basin being provided with scraping edges 1", 9*, corresponding respectively to the edges e, e. In Fig. 8 is shown a ring 12 with a series of tubular scraping and collecting pockets 0 axially inclined to the axis of the ring, and disposed circularly at predetermined points about the ring, each pocket having cutting and oil-releasing edges 8, s, functioning the same as the edges 6, 6, previously described. In Fig. 9 is shown a circularly split ring composed of two sections or bands 13, 14, which when assembled form the scraping basin f, said basin having scraping and releasing edges p, p, respectively corresponding to the edges 6, e, of the main form described. In Fig. 10 is shown a ring composed of an outer band 15 and an inner band 16 which when assembled form the scraping basin 7:, the same being provided with cutting and releasing edges u, u, respectively corresponding to the edges e, e.

It will be observed from the foregolng that the invention is susceptible of a great variet of modifications, those here shown and a luded to by no mean exhausting the number which could be included under my invention.

In operation the piston when making a forward or driving stroke gathers the oil from the cylinder walls into the collecting basin a or its equivalent, releasing the lubricant and distributing it over the cylinder walls with the return or backward stroke. Any oil in excess of the quantity which the basin a can accommodate, or any portion whicha on the forward stroke may find its way past said basin, is caught by the cuttin edge of the rear wall of the supplementa basin a (or its equivalent) and directed into such supplemental basin, it being understood that the edges of the'rear walls of both basins (a, a,) operate as cutting edges on the forward stroke of the piston. On the return or upstroke the edge of the frontwall of the basin a operatesas a riding edge or drag, that is to say, it simply rides over the cylinder walls without exerting any cutting action or such as results from the fpassage of the edge of the rear wall on the rward stroke. The oil being thus effectively caught by the combined baslns a a, it follows that none of the lubricant will reach the explo sion chamber. working conditions and consequently increased efficiency for the engine. Obviously the basins, pockets .or receptacles referred .to, or their equivalents need not be formed on a ring separate from the piston head, but may-be formed on the piston-head This will insure uniform a w oil from the cylinder walls into with a forward imagine or spirit of my invention. llhe invention of course is not limited to pistons having rectilinear reciprocations, but may be applied to those in which the recipro'cations are rotary, or a combination of the two.

Having described my invention what I claim is:

1; A piston-head packin" ring for engine cylinders comprising a resfiient imperforate split band provided with a peripheral basin bounded on one side by in an edge clearing the walls of the cylinder, and on the oppositeside bya wall terminating in a cutting edge operating to scrape the the basin stroke of the piston, and with a second peripheral basin spaced from, and rearward of, said second basin being bounded by opposin th% periphery of the cylinder defining the bearing surface of the ring between the basins, the edge of the rear wall of the second basin operating as a cutting edge with a forward stroke'of the piston.

' 2. A piston-head packin ring for engine cylinders comprising a residient imperforate split band provided with a peripheral annular basin bounded on one side by a wall terminating in an edge clearing the walls of the cylinder, and on the opposite side by a wall terminating in a cutting edge operating to scrape the oil from the cylinder walls into the basin with a forward stroke of the piston, and with a second. peripheral annular basin spaced from, and rearward of the first mentioned basin, said second'basin being bounded by opposing walls terminating in edges disthe periphery of the cylinder-deface of the ring between the basins, theedge of the rear wall of the second basin operatin as a cutting edge with a forward stroke 0 the piston,

ward thereof being a wall terminating cylinders comprismg a the first mentioned basin, split band provided with a peripheral basin walls terminating'in edges disposed on- 3. A piston-head packin cylinders comprising a resi ient imperforate split band provided with a plurality of peripheral basins separated by cylinder bearing ring for engine surfaces and each having opposing walls,

the edge of the rear wall of thewfirst basin and the edges of the walls of the basins reardisposed coincidently with the outer face of the ring and ion the periphery of the cylinder defining the hearing surfaces between the basins, the edge of the front wall of the first basin being disposed within the cylinder aforesaid, and the edges of the rear walls of the several basins operating as cutting edgeswith the forward stroke of the piston. 4:. A piston-head packing ring for engine resilient imperforate boundedon one sidecby a wall terminating in an edge clearing the walls of the cylinder, and on the opposite side by a wall terminating in a'cutting edge operating to scrape the oil from the cylinder walls into the basin with a forward stroke of the'piston, and with a second peripheral basin spaced from, and rearward of, the first mentioned basin, said second basin being bounded by 'op osing walls terminating in edges disposed n the periphery of the cylinder defining the bearing surface of the ring between the basins, the edge of the rear wall of the second basin operating as a cutting edge with a forward stroke of the piston, and the edge of the front wall of said second basin operating as a drag or riding edge on the return or .upstroke of the piston;

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARDEN a. trimmer;

Witnesses: 'I

Emir. S'ranrnf, Elsa M. Saturn.

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