US125456A - Improvement in metal roofing - Google Patents
Improvement in metal roofing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US125456A US125456A US125456DA US125456A US 125456 A US125456 A US 125456A US 125456D A US125456D A US 125456DA US 125456 A US125456 A US 125456A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- lead
- metal
- bismuth
- improvement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 36
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 36
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/06—Alloys based on lead with tin as the next major constituent
Definitions
- This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in metal for roofing, linings, pipe, either cast or made from the sheet, and other purposes; and consists in combiniug certain well-known metals, and thereby forming a composition metal, which, when rolled into sheets suitable for roofing, linings, and all similar purposes, or cast or made into pipe, resists the action of salt-water and most of the acids, and does not perceptiby expand or contract from heat and cold.
- I use lead, tin, bismuth, and aluminum, or the lead, tin, and bismuth without the aluminum, and with or without the bismuth, according to the use for which the metal is intended.
- composition metal I use the above-mentioned metals in various proportions, but never use so much as one-fifth part of tin to four parts of lead.
- the proportions named may accordingly be varied, and the aluminum may be entirely dispensed with where it is not desired to furnish a very fine quality of metal, and the bismuth may be dispensed with, or either aluminum or bismuth may be dispensed with.
- the metals used may vary from five pounds to twenty pounds of tin to one hundred pounds of lead, and from one ounce to two pounds of bismuth to the said quantity of tin and lead, when bismuth is used.
- I In preparing the metal, I first fuse the lead in an iron vessel, and then add the block-tin, taking care that the lead is not at so high a temperature as to burn or vaporize the tin. When the tin has been fused and thoroughly mingled with the lead, I introduce about half a pound of tallow to the hundred pounds of metal, which cleanses the combined metals from all impurities, which may be skimmed from the surface. The bismuth is then introduced, and also the aluminum, when aluminum is used. When the composition has been thoroughly stirred it is ready to be poured into the molds, and thus formed into ingots or slabs. After being perfectly cooled the ingots or slabs are ready for the rolling-mill.
- composition metal can be cast and rolled without craokin g, and no mechanical or other difficulties are met with in rolling it to extreme thinness, making a most tough and tenacious sheet, admirably adapted for roofing, lining barrels for holding petroleum, mineral water, and all similar fluids, sheathing vessels, watertight floors, damp walls, and various other purposes. No acids afi'ect it which will not destroy gold and silver.
Description
WILLIAM s. HAWLEY, on NEW YORK orrv, ASSIGNOR TO DAVID J. MILLARD a 00., on OLAYVILLE, NEW onrr.
IMPROVEMENT IN METAL ROOFING.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 125,456, dated April 9, 1872.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. HAWLEY of the city of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Composition Metal for Roofing and other purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same.
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in metal for roofing, linings, pipe, either cast or made from the sheet, and other purposes; and consists in combiniug certain well-known metals, and thereby forming a composition metal, which, when rolled into sheets suitable for roofing, linings, and all similar purposes, or cast or made into pipe, resists the action of salt-water and most of the acids, and does not perceptiby expand or contract from heat and cold.
In carrying out my invention, I use lead, tin, bismuth, and aluminum, or the lead, tin, and bismuth without the aluminum, and with or without the bismuth, according to the use for which the metal is intended.
In forming my composition metal I use the above-mentioned metals in various proportions, but never use so much as one-fifth part of tin to four parts of lead.
I am aware that lead, tin, and bismuth have before been combined for forming a composition sheet metal for roofing. I am conversant with an article of this kind composed of from one-fifth to one-half tin, but I distinctly disclaim such a composition.
In my attempts to manufacture and utilize such a composition, mechanical difficulties of an insuperable character have been met with; difficulties which caused the loss of thousands of dollars, and finally compelled the abandonment of the enterprise. I then commenced a series of experiments with the same metals, and discovered that, by using a much less quantity of tin to a given quantity of lead, I could produce an article subject to no mech anical difliculties in the process ofmanufacture, and in every way superior to what had before been manufactured. I have found that a metal composed of lead, one hundred pounds, tin, sixteen pounds, and hismuth, one ounce, with from three to five pounds of aluminum added, is best adapted for root'- ing and the other purposes for which it is intended. As the purposes are various, the proportions named may accordingly be varied, and the aluminum may be entirely dispensed with where it is not desired to furnish a very fine quality of metal, and the bismuth may be dispensed with, or either aluminum or bismuth may be dispensed with.
The metals used may vary from five pounds to twenty pounds of tin to one hundred pounds of lead, and from one ounce to two pounds of bismuth to the said quantity of tin and lead, when bismuth is used.
In preparing the metal, I first fuse the lead in an iron vessel, and then add the block-tin, taking care that the lead is not at so high a temperature as to burn or vaporize the tin. When the tin has been fused and thoroughly mingled with the lead, I introduce about half a pound of tallow to the hundred pounds of metal, which cleanses the combined metals from all impurities, which may be skimmed from the surface. The bismuth is then introduced, and also the aluminum, when aluminum is used. When the composition has been thoroughly stirred it is ready to be poured into the molds, and thus formed into ingots or slabs. After being perfectly cooled the ingots or slabs are ready for the rolling-mill.
This composition metal can be cast and rolled without craokin g, and no mechanical or other difficulties are met with in rolling it to extreme thinness, making a most tough and tenacious sheet, admirably adapted for roofing, lining barrels for holding petroleum, mineral water, and all similar fluids, sheathing vessels, watertight floors, damp walls, and various other purposes. No acids afi'ect it which will not destroy gold and silver.
The advantages and value to the public of this metal are many, and must be obvious to all.
\ practically, of very little value. Hence I de- I am aware that a patent was granted to L. A metallic roofing-compound formed of lead L. Enos May 12, 1868, for a compound formed and tin combined with bismuth and aluminum, of tin, lead, and antimony; but this has been in the proportions specified. found to crack in cooling, which renders it,
WILLIAM S. HAWLEY.
sire to combine such materials as will overcome this difficulty. Witnesses:
Having thus described my invention, I claim GEO. W. MABEE, as new and desire to secure by Letters Pat- T. B. MOSHER. ent-
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US125456A true US125456A (en) | 1872-04-09 |
Family
ID=2194885
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US125456D Expired - Lifetime US125456A (en) | Improvement in metal roofing |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US125456A (en) |
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0
- US US125456D patent/US125456A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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