US1254310A

US1254310A - Method and apparatus for heating and supplying feed-water to boilers.

Info

Publication number: US1254310A
Application number: US14404117A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles W E Clarke; Joseph V Santry
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-01-23
Filing date: 1917-01-23
Publication date: 1918-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 1935-01-22

Description

C. W. E! CLARKE 6;]. V. SANTRY. TUS FOR HEATING AND SUPPLYIN G FEED WATER T0 BOILERS. APPHCATION man J N. 23. I9

Patented Jan. 22,1918.

[72?)87230 k a, 5, M *U PATEN CHARLES WwE. CLARKE, F BROOKLINE,-

Am) :rosnrn in-SANTRY, or RoxBUnY;

MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND SUPPLYING FEED-WATER T0 BOILERS.

To all whom it may concern: y

Be it known that we, CHARLES W. E. CLARKE and Josnrn Y. SANTR -citizens of. the United States, residing, respectively, at

Brooltline, in the county of Norfolk and- .State of Massachusetts, and at Roxbury, 1n

' the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Methods and Apparatus for Heating and Supplying FeedJVater to Boilers, of which the following is a specitication.

. boiler pressure, whereas at the present time a pressure of 250 pounds is not uncommon and pressures of even 300 and 350 pounds are contemplated in new plants.- This increase in steam pressure of course means that the line gases leaving the boiler must be at a much higher temperature than in the .installations designed, to operate at lower pressures." The .increase in economy derived by operating turbines at high pressures is thus offset to some extent by the increase in the loss of heatin the flue gases. The attempts .to reduce this loss by using economizers. with these high pressure .installations have not been entirely satisfactory due to the fact .that the feed water has to beforced through'the economizers at a pressure somewhat higher than the boiler pressure, and it appears to be 1mpract1ca1 40 to build econon'iizers capableot' withstanding these high pressures.

The present invention aims to devise a method and a system for heating and supplying feed water to boilers which will permit the use of economizers in high pressure installations and at the sametiine will overcome the dilliculties heretofore experienced in' using apparatus of this 'cluiracter. It is also an object of this invention to devise means for automatically distributing the supply of feed water to the boilers and economizers in accordance with the requirements of the individual boilers.

The manner in which it is proposed .to

-it ,into the boilers,

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan,-

Application filed J anuary 23, 1917. Serial No. 144,041.

accomplish these objects will bereadily understood from the following description of one embodiment of theinvention andv the novel features will be pointed out in theap v boilers indicated, respectively, at B and B,

each boiler having its own economizerindicated at E and E, respectively. The flue gases from the two boilers pass through their respective economizers and then to-tlie boilers in two stages, one stage serving tov raise the pressure of the water to a pressure as high as it is desirable to carry in the feconomizers; andthe second pump taking the water from the economizers and forcing In the system shown,

According to the present in-1.

rentiouthe feed water is pumpedinto the I the feed water is conducted from the supply through a pipe 4 to a pump 6 which forces 1:

the water through a header 8 to the econ omizers, the branch from the header to the econoinizer E being indicated at 9, and the.

branch to the econoinizer E being shown I at 10. An outlet pipe 11 from the economizer E and a similar outlet 12 from the economizer E lead the water to another header lat which conducts the water to a second pump 15.

pipes 17 and 18,-respectively.

The outlet pipe 16 from i this pump delivers the water to boiler inlet able type and may. be driven in any con-,

i'enieutiuanner, but preferablythey are of the rotary type and are both driven bypa suitable motorQO, such as a steam turbine or eleetrlc motor. Assuming, for lnstance,

that the normal boiler pressure is 250 pounds, the feed water pressure would normally be about 275 pounds. The firstpump (5 may be designed to force the writer through the conomizers E and E'afia pressure of say pounds; the second pump 15 then takes this water and raises its pressure an additional 175 pounds thus forcing it into the boilers. The ditliculty' heretofore encountered of subjecting the economizers To boiler pressure thus is avoided The pressure maintained in the econonuzers can be made anytlnngthat 1s practical or desirable but obviously will be made a high enough to prevent the water from vaporizing in the economizers. It is obviously desirable to distribute the 6 water returning to the boilers in accordance with the feed water requirements of the res'pective boilers. At the same time it is desirable to so distribute the flow of water through the economizers that the econo 10 mizer for the boiler carrying the heavier load, and consequently receiving the greater supply of flue gases, will be given a greater amount of water to heat than the other economizer. Accordingly the present in- 1 vention provides a controlling apparatusv whlich accomplishes these objects automativ cal y. g I Referring again to the drawings it will be seen that a valve 22 is connected in the outlet pipe 11 from the economizer E- and a similar valve 23 is connected in the pipe 12 leading from the economizer E. Addi: tional valves 24 and 25, respectively, are located in the respective inlet pipes 17 and 25 18 to the boilers B and B. Eachboiler is i ped 1vith an apparatus responsive automatically to changes in the height of the water in the boiler, which is arranged to operate the pair of valves, just describerhthat 80 control the supply of feed water to it. Fe? --this .purpose .a Copes thermostatic feed water regulator may conveniently be used and accordingly an apparatus of this charac- .ter is shown.v This regulator comprises an inclined expansion tube 28 supported in a triangular frame consisting-of a, relatively heavy angle iron base 29, a forked upright 30 at one end of this base, and a tension rod 31 forming the other side of the triangle;

'40 Two

braces

32 and 33 also aid in support ing the expansion tube 28 and prevent it from buckling. The upper end of this tube is connected to the steam space in the boiler and its lowerend is connected to a point in 46 the boiler below the lowest water level, while the ends of the tube are located at substantially the maximum and minimum water levels which it is desired to have maintained .,in the boiler,,-,' The lower end of the expan sion tube 28 'abuts against a bracket fast on the part'29 and the upper end of this tube. carries. a fitting which bears against the short'arm of a bell crank lever that is fulcrumed in the upper forked end of the 66 upright 30. The long arm of this lever 35' of the regulator used with the boiler B is connected by a link 36 with the operating {levers of the two valves 22' and 24, while the correspondngarm of the regulator with which the boiler B is equipped is similarly connected by a link 37 to the valves 23 and 25. Y

The operation of a feed water regulator of this character is well understood by those skilled in this art It is merely necessary by the liberationof latent heat as the steam .hand, thepart of the tube filled with water temperature.

permitting a greater portion of the feed through the header 16 by the pump 15 thus shown in which each boiler has its own in- 'here to state that the part of the expansion tube filled with steam is maintainedsubstantially at the temperature of'the steam H condenses due to radiation. On the other is at some temperature below steam tempera ture since the radiation of heat from this part of the tube can take'place only at the expense of the actual temperature of the water. Consequently, as the water level in the boiler B drops, this levcl-inthe tube 28 of the regulator for this boiler also drops and a greater part of the tube'thus becomes filled with steamand consequently a larger portion of the tube is maintained at steam- The tube thus expands and lifts the outer end of the lever more or less'thus opening the

valves

22 and 24 and water to flow into the boiler ll. Conversely,

when the water level in the boiler B rises,

the length of th steam column in the. expansion. tube 28 will be -decreased, thus causing the tube to contract and acting through the connections with the

valves

22 and 24 to close them and reduce the How of feed water to the boiler. The regulator for the boiler B of course operates in a similar manner; and the' water forced is distributed to the two boilers in accord ance with their'relative feed water require; ments. At the same time this arrangement distributes the flow of feed water between the economizers in accordance-with the conditions obtaining in the two boilers sothat the economizer which is handling the larger volume of flue gases will be given a larger part ofthe feed water .toheat.

While two boilers and two economizers have been shown in the accompanying drawing, it is obvicus thatthe system is equally applicable to a larger number of units. It is, also evident that the feature of automatically distributing the feed water between the boilers is applicable to a system in which a single economizer-is used' for all or several of the boilers instead of a system liketh'at dividual economizer.

It is obvious that the details of con struction of the systenr and the character of the elements employed in it will vary somewhat with the requirements of {difierent installations and with the preferences of individual useisand that muchlatitude in makingzchangesof this character is 'permissible without'departingfrom the splrit or scope of this inventio l Vhat is claimed as new, is 1 r 1. A system of the character described comprising the combination with a plurality of boilers and an economizer for each of said boilers, of means for forcing feed water 130 through said economizers at a relatively high pressure, additional means arranged to take the water from said economizers and force it into said boilers, and automatic means constructed and arranged to distributethe flow of water to said boilers and also to said economizers in accordance with the relative feed Water requirements of said boilers.

2. A system of the character described, comprising the combination with a plurality of boilers, an economizer for each of said boilers and pipe connections for leading feed water to said economizcrs and from the economizers to the boilers, of a pump for forcing the feed water into the economizers,

a second pump for forcing the feed water of boilers, an economizer for each of saidboilers and pipe connections for leading feed water to said economizers and from the economizers to the boilers, of a pump for forcing the feed water into the economizers, .a second pump for forcing the feed water from the economizers into the boilers, a

valve in the outlet of each economizer, all-- other valve in the feed water inlet to each boiler, and an automatic water regulator for each boiler connected to both of said valves for its respective economizer and boiler and operating to close oropen them simultaneously as the water in the boiler rises or falls. 1

41 A system of the character described, comprising the combination with a plurality of boilers, an economizer for each of said boilers and pipe connections for leading feed water to said economizers and from the economize-rs to the boilers, of a pump for forcing the feed ater into the economizers, a second pump for forcing the feed water from the economizers into the boilers, valve means controlling the flow of water through each economizer and to its respective boiler, and thermostatic feed water regulators for said boilers arranged to operate said valve means in accordance with the feed Water requirements of the respective boilers.

5. A system of the character described, comprising the combination with a plurality of boilers, an economizer for each of said boilers and pipe connections for leading feed water to said economizers and from the economizers to the boilers, of a rotary pump for forcing the feed water into the economizers, a second rotary pump arranged to force the feed water from the economizers into the boilers, a steam motor arranged to drive both of said pumps, and. automatic means responsive to variations" in the height of the water in said boilers for controlling the distribution of the Water both. to the economizers and to the boilers.

6. The method of heating and supplying feed water to a plurality of boilers, which consists in using an economizer with each boiler, pumping the feed water into the economizers at substantially as high pressure as it is desirable to maintain in the econo mixers, pumping the feed water from the economizers into the boilers at-substantially boiler pressure. and automatically distributing the flow of feed water between the economizers and also between the boilersin response to variations in the height of the water in the individual boilers.

7. The method of heating and supplying feed water to a plurality of boilers which consists in using an. economizer for each boiler, forcing feed water into the economizers at substa'lntially as high a pressure as it is desi-able to maintain in said economizers, forcing the feed Water from the economizersinto the boilers, and automatically distributing the flow of feed water to the economizers and also to the boilers in accordance with the relative fee d water re quirements of the boilers.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto signed this specification. CHARLES W. E. CLARKE.

JOSEPH V. SANTRY.