US1254145A - Liquid-fuel burner. - Google Patents

Description

J. LIEBER.

LIQUID FUEL BURNR. APPLICATION FILED IUNEZ, 1916.

w Patented Jan. 22,1918.

JEAN LIEBER, OF LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 22, 11918.

Application led J'une 2, 1918. Serial No. 101,410.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JEAN LIEBER, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residing at Lausanne, Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to'which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. l

The present invention relates to liquidfuel-burners for heating, welding or brazing of heavy pieces of metal lying in an open forge hearth, for which purpose, as is well known, a large fiame or jet is required.

It has been t'ried to construct large burners with large fiames for this purpose, but it was found that owing to their great size and weight these burners were cumbersome and difficult to handle and caused a considerable waste of heat. Thus it was found necessary to lieat the pieces to be welded in an open forge hearth and to heat them simultaneously from above by means of a burner.

In order, however, that a burner of this kind may work satisfactorily, i't should satisfy the following conditions: r

(1) Combustion should take place without the development of smoke or waste of fuel and should produce a maximum temperature.

(2) All means for moving the apparatus and for the control and supply of fuel must be so designed and arranged, that even after several hours continuous work the will remain cool, insure an absolutely uni orm supply of fuel and besides be very durable, not giving rise to oxidation or to choking of the leads.

(3) The whole apparatus and particularly the torch itself must be adjustable to widely differing positions, so that it might be used for all kinds of work and the Jet directed wherever desirable. y

(4) The burner must be light in weight, ever ready for use and easily portable, so as to adapt itself to any conditions of work, be independent of the form of benches, of hearth aswell as-of the piece of the work and dispense with the use of time-wasting 1v arrangements for special kinds of work.

and

(6) It must work to satisfaction either with fuels capable of vaporization or: with fuels admitting of spraying only.

The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus of the kind described that will satisfy the above conditions.

In the accompanying drawings Figures l to 5 illustrate a first embodiment of the present invention wherein: l x

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the burner,

Fig. 2 a section through the torch,

Fig. 3 a section on line A-B of Fig. 4,

I; ig. 4 a section on line C-D of Fig. 1, an

Fig. 5 a vertical section through the fuelcan.

Fig. 6 is a section through a second example of carrying the invention into effect, while f Fig. 7 shows a. third embodiment ofthe invention in. longitudinal section.

Figs. 8 and 9 are drawn on a larger scale and show details hereinafter referred to.

1 is a fuel-can having a carrying handlel 2 and 3 is an air pump of known design and serves to apply pressure to the fuel. 4 is a fuel-supply-pipe having a flexible part 6 and a valve 5. A stand 7 is provided to carry said pipe 4 and is itself supported by arms 8 fastened to the fuel-can 1. 9 is a rod vertically guided in the said stand 7 and adapted to be fixed in any desiredposition by means of a set screw 7a. Slidable on the rod 9 is a sleeve 1() whose position on the former may ybe fixed by-means of a screw 11 and which has a screw-threaded hole 12 serving as nut for the spindle of a hand-wheel 13. This hand-wheel acts on a jaw 14 adapted to hold the supply-pipe 4 against the sleeve 10, whereby the said pipe can be secured in posit1on.

Adjacent to the torch, a fuel-supply controlling device is arranged in the fuel-supply lead (Figs. 1 and 2). 16a is a valve carried by a stem 16; the latter has a hand- Wheel 17 fitted to its other end, is screwthreaded on part. of its length and guided in a nut 18 provided in a fitting 19. A turning movement of the hand-wheel 17 causes axial displacement of the stern 16 and the communication between the tubular passages 4 and 21 of the fitting 19 may thus be established, or interrupted, at will.

In the rear part 23 of the torch 22 is (5) The apparatus must be easy to clean lll) the nozzle. 30 is a cover around the torch 22. i

A vapori'zation chamber 31 is arranged be- -tween the outer cover and the-front part of torch 22, and connected to thenozzle 24 `by a tube 32 l and to the passage 21 by a tubel 32. A su port 33 serves to fasten the cover 30 to the tting 19.

The apparatus works as follows: The air pump 3 is actuated until sufficient pressure is created in the fuel-can, when fuel is pressed up to the fuel-heater or vaporization chamber 31. Then the jaw 14, whlch in this present instance is adjustable, is loosened and the tube 4 turned until the axis of the torch takes a vertical position. A pan or the like not shown in they drawings 1s arranged underneath the torchand through the nozzle 24 oil is admitted into -it and ignited whereby a preliminary heating of the burnertakes place and the process of vaporization is started. After removing the said pan, the whole apparatus is carried to the vicinity of the hearth ori-which are placed they castings to be treated, and by means of the clamping devices 7 a, 11 and 13 the torch is adjusted in any desired position. It is clear that the supply tube 4 may be rotated about` its own axis through an angle of 360 as well as swung horizontally and vertically about the universal joint at 10 1 through an arc of 360. In addition its yso height above the floor may be adjusted at will, and the result is a heating apparatus that is always ready for work at shortest `notice and that may be handled by a single operator. If so desired, the tube'4 may be detached from the stand 7 and supported by hand. The fuel-can 1 is so arranged as to be on the side opposite to where the heating takes place, thereby at the same time acting as stabilizer to the torch which thus may be used at a considerable distance from the stand 9. The parts are distributed so as to obtain a compact Aapparatus that is absolutely proof against explosions and may be used everywhere, even outside the workshops for any length of time without any danger arising. Besides, the apparatus is easily portable and dispenses with the use of benches, `supports and other auxiliary arrangements.

The clampingidevioes 7*,'11 andv 13 as well tion Aof the parts is prevented and even when' the working temperature attains a maximum value the said parts may be touched by hand withdut danger.

A further advantage of the air being admitted to the torch from behind is that this air Vis fresh, not yet contaminated by the hearth fire and therefore contains oxygen in a percentage sufiicient for economical combustion. The controlling means also lprevent ignition of the gas in the leads which may occur .when shutting-ofi", and thus the dangerous Apossibility of the combustion gases gaining access to the fuel-can is definitely averted.

Figs. 6. to 9 show two .kinds of torches which, in conjunction with the described apparatus, are intended for use with heavy oil, tar oil or other cheap fuel, and which act as atomizers.

In the example of execution shown in Fig. 6, the ltorch has a double cover 34, the inner part of which is of conical shape at one end. Between the two walls of the cover, a layer of heat-insulating material is provided at 35. 36 is a nozzle for the fuel, 37 a nozzle for the compressed air. It will be seen from Figs. 8 and 9 that these two nozzles are arranged at an angle, which is of 90 in the case illustrated. In this case it is also advantageous to arrange the nozzle 36 with a beveled face (Fig. 8) or with a conical bore,

the axis of the cone bein at an angle to that of the nozzle (Fig. 9). lhe result of either arrangement is that the spray of fuel issues from the nozzle in the shape of a cone whose geometrical axis is deflected, whereby a more gradual passing of thefuel into the direction of the air jet 1s obtained, and in this -manner, the combustion is further improved. As indicated in Fig. 7, in torches of this kind, the fuel nozzle may also be provided with a cleaning device of the kind shown in Fig. 2, arrangement and design of the parts being essentially as above described.

As the inner Iwall of the cover 34 becomes very hot in a short time, a quick and smokefree ignition is obtained. On the other hand, the insulating layer 35 prevents the loss of heat, all the heat being communicated to thespray of oil, while the outer wall of cover 34 serves to protect the fragile insula- Referring to Fig. 7, a single cover may` naeaiae be used and lined at 38 with a layer of suitable material such as molten vquartz or the like. The torch may be exchangeable and in this case the apparatus can be used, with little delay, for both light and heavy oil according to desire.

What I claim is:

l1. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuel under pressure, of atorch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter and communicating with the container, a support for the conduit, and means connecting the support and conduit whereby the latter may be adjusted along a vertical axis, and swing in both a vertical plane and in a horizontal plane. I

Q. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuel under pressure, of

a torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter and communicating with the container, a support for the conduit, and means connecting the support and conduit whereby the latter may be rotated about its axis,

adjusted along a vertical axis and swung in both a vertical plane andv in a horizontal plane. v I

3. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuel under pressure, of a torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter and communicating with .the container, a support for the conduit, and means connecting the support and conduit whereby the latter may be rotated about its axis, moved longitudinally, adjusted along a vertical axis and swung in both a vertical plane and in a horizontal plane.

4. Ina liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuel under pressure, of a torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter and communicating with the V container, a vertical standard connected to the container, a connecting member adjustably mounted on the standard and compristion with a container for'fuel under pres-- sure, of a'torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter and communicating with the container, a vertical standard connected to the container, a connecting member adjustably mounted on the standard and comprising means whereby the conduit may be adjusted in angular relation to the standard, revolved around the latter, adjusted vertically thereon, rotated on its axis, and moved longitudinally.

(i. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuel under pressure, a torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter and communicating with the container, a telescopic standard connected with the latter, means for regulating the height of the standard, a sleeve adjustably mounted on the upper member of the latter, a clamp rotatably mounted on the sleeve and co eratin with the latter to support the con uit in ifl'erent positions. v

7. In a liquid fuel burner, a torch adapted to be quickly brought to a high temperature, means for protecting the torch against loss lof heat, a compressed air nozzle mounted in the' rear open end of the torch, a fuel nozzle arranged at an angle to the air nozzle and having a conical outlet, the axis of which is at an angle to the axis of the bore of the fuel nozzle. j

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in v presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J EAN LIEBER.

Witnesses: v

J AoQUEs VILLIGER, CHARLES B-oNrFAcE.

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