US1250914A

US1250914A - Power apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US1250914A
Application number: US15220017A
Authority: US
Inventors: Leslie R Mcdonald
Original assignee: MARGUERITE V O LEARY
Current assignee: MARGUERITE V O'LEARY; MARGUERITE V O LEARY
Priority date: 1917-03-03
Filing date: 1917-03-03
Publication date: 1917-12-18
Anticipated expiration: 1934-12-18

Description

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l in .su aille LESLIE R. MCIGNALD, F MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANAEJ, ASSGNR T MAEGERTSE V.

OLEARY, 0F GNTREAL, QUEBEC, Q-rl..

EO'WER MPAEATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Bec. it, Eltlt.,

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, LESLIE R. MCDONALD, a citizen ofthe United States, and resident of Montreal, Province of Quebec, and Dominion of Canada, have invent-ed new and usetul Improvements in Power Apparatus, of which the following is a speciication.y

This invention` relates .to apparatus for transmitting power and more particularly for transforming power from. one form to another as from oscillatory power to rotary power or vice versa. The invention is herein illustrated as embodied in apparatus of the general character disclosed 'in my prior applications Sr. No. 104,095, filed June 1S, une; Nes. 139,332; 139,333 ise,aa4, sied Dec. 2S, 1916, and Sr. No. 139,448, tiled Dec. 29,1916, to which reference is hereby made for a more complete disclosure of the apparatus in general, hut it is to oe understood that the invention may he otherwise ernployed as will hereinafter more fully appear.

ln apparatus ot' the general cha acter referred to and in other power apparatus it frequently occurs, especially where the source olf power is limited in amount, that the velocity of the apparatus varies inversely with the load. That is, as the load increases the velocity decreases and as the load decreasesl the velocity increases. 'Under many circumstances this is highly undesirable. For example, in operatingl a phonograph of the type employing a disk record the driving torque necessary to rotate the disk at a given velocity is greater when the stylus en gages the disk near its outer periphery than when it has moved inwardly nearer the center of the disk, inasmuch as themrarlial arm of the resisting' force decreases as the stylus mores inwardly. lWhen employing a, constant source ot' power the velocity varies inxersely with the retarding torce or load and as the stylus moves to ard the center of the record the velocity of rotation increases owing to the decreasing load. Obviously, the saine principle applies to the' operation et' machinery oi higher power.

The principal ohjeet of my invention, therefore, is to provide method and apparatus tor compensating' for the tendency of power apparatus to vary in velocity with vaiation in load. A corollarial object is to vary the supply ot power in proportion to the load so that the supply may at all times be maintained substantially equal 'to the load A further ohjeet is to attain the 4 toregoing objects automatically by means responsive to the variations in load. A still further object is to provide automatic power regulation particularly applicable to vihratory apparatus of the type disclosed in my prior applications.

@ther objects of the invention will he apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings in whiehr- Figure l is a side View of the apparatus with portions., including one of the viloratory members, breken away;

Fig. :2 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus taken on line of Fig. l; and

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section 'of the apparatus taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

A simple embodiment. of my invention has been chosen for the purpose el illustration, this embodiment comprising in its entirety a frame member l, lvihratoijy members 2 and 3 arranged in the forni or a tuning fork, an electromagnet i having pole pieces 6, a, shaft 7 carrying a pulley and a. belt 9 engaging the pulley, the belt being tensioned by means of a spring ll.

rlie vihratory portion of the apparatus comprising arms 2 and 3 of the tuning forli member is similar to that disclosed in my earlier applications ahove referred to, as is also the construction of the elcctromagnet means-for vibrating the tuning fork arms. The coil Ll of the electromagnet means is supplied with either alternately/,or intermittent pulsatory current of a. suitable frequency as, for example, that of the ordinary sixty-cycle commercial alternating current, and the. viiratory members are preferaliily tuned to vibrate in synchronism with the pulsatory current either at the current frequency or at .a multiple of the'current frequency.

The holt 9 may contact with the pulley throughout an angle either greater or less than 360, the angle ot' contact herein illus` trated being approximately 180". It is branched at one end into two parts, 12 and lf3, these parts being connected tothe inner 'faces et the vihratory meinners 2 and 3 at lil and lf3. lit-thc opposite end the heit is connected to the bracket 1'? mounted on the frame l, this connection being made through the medium of spring 1l. As the vihratory members move apart the lower end 3} ot' the heit is drawn downwardly against the tension of the spring 11 and the pulley 8 is rotated in the direction of the arrow. As the vibratory members move together the tension on the lower end of the belt is released and the spring 11 retracts the belt. As more fully described in my prior applications, the belt is so designed and so related to the pulley and vibratory members and the spring is so tensioned that the belt slides comparatively freely over the pulley as it is being retracted by the spring 11. Thus the belt tends to rota-te the pulley only in ay clockwise direction and with the vibratory members vibrating at a vfrequency of one hundred and twenty cycles per second, as when using sixty-cycle alternating current,' the clockwise impulses imparted to the pulley by the belt follow each other in such close succession that the rotative torque applied to the pulley is substantially continuous.

This application is directed more particularly to the mechanism for regulating the velocity of the output shaft 7 and the torque radius of the belt 9 as applied to the pulley 8 and shaft 7, it being understood that the working apparatus, of whatever nature, which it is desired to drive by means of the apparatus, is connected to the upper end (Figs. 1 and 2) of the shaft 7. This mechanism is preferably constructed and arranged as follows: Thel shaft 7, which is mounted in the frame 1 in suitable bearings 18 and 19, is of square cross-section throughout the major portion disposed between the bearings 18 and 19 and upon this square portion of the shaft is mounted the pulley 8, the latter having an axial opening' of square cross section so that it snugly fits the square portion of shaft 7 in such manner that the pulley may slide freely longitudinally of the shaft, but so that the pulley and shaft are at all times constrainefd to rotate together. d/hile the effective speed ratio between the pulley and belt and the effective torque radius of the belt as applied to the pulley may be varied in numerous ways within the scopi` of my invention, the most simple way comprises tapering' the pulley 8 and associating the belt with the pulley in substantially (he same manner shown in the drawing..

The belt 9 is preferably not disposed in the plane which is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 7, but is preferably disposed angularly with respect to such a plane. ln the drawings the lower end (Fig. of the belt is disposed nearer the plane of the larger cud of the pullev F than is the upper end of the belt which is connected through the spring l1 to the bracket 17. By virtue of this arrangement the torque impulse applied to the pulley cach time the vibratory men'xbcrs more apart is not exactly tangential to the pulley but is directed at a slight angle to a. plane perpene dicular to the axis of the shaft, so that impulse applied to the pulley has a small component directed longitudinally of the shaft and toward the larger end of the pulley. Thus the pulley is not only supplied with tangential components of impulses at a rate which results in a practical continuous rotating torque but longitudinal components of impulses directed toward thel larger end of the pulley are applied to the pulley at the same rate, which results in substantially a continuous force urging the pulley toward the lower end (Figs. 1 and 2) of the shaft 7. This longitudinal force is preferably eounteracted by means of a compression spring 21 surrounding the shaft 7 and extending between the large end of the pulley 8 and a collar 22 rigidly attached to the shaft, the spring 21 being so designed as to balance the longitudinal force appliedv to the pulley by the belt under normal conditions of load as applied to shaft 7.

ln the absence of the present invention the amplitude of vibration of the vibratory members would tend to decrease as the load applied thereto through the medium of the shaft, pulley and belt is increased` this reduction in amplitude causing a decrease in velocity of the shaft 7. Qonversely, a's the load decreases the amplitude of vibration of members 2 and 3 and consequently the velocity of shaft 7 would tend to increase. However, with the mechanism herein disclosed. as the load varies the pulley 8 is caused to move longitudinally along the shaft. 7 in such manner that the belt 9 moves longitudinally with relation to the tapered surface of the pulley 8, the pulley being caused to move longitudinally of the shaft owing to the variation. with variation of load, ot' the longitudinal impulses above referred to.

As the belt travels from the smaller to the larger end of the pulley the torque radius of the belt, that is, the average distance from 'the axis of the shaft to the belt, increases.

At the same time the angular velocity of the pulley 8 and shaft 7 decreases with relation to the linear velocity of the belt 9 by virtue of the increased torque radius. Moreover, the impulses applied to the pulley increase in magnitude as the load on the shaft 7 in creases. and therefore the longitudinal components of the impulses increase with in crease in load. As the long ritudinalcomponcnts of the impulses increase the pulley 8 is forced alongr the sha fr 7 against the action of spring-21 until thc increased tension of the spring is sullicient to balance the increased longitudinal force. rl`hus. it will be apparent that as the load increases the pulley 8 is forced alonpw the shaft 7 against the action of the spring 21 so that the belt moves relatively to the pulley toward the cont-rolling the longitudinal position of the belt relatively to the pulley so that the belt can be gradually advanced along the tapered surface of the pulley' while rotating the pulley.

9. Power apparatus comprising a Shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on the shaft so that powei can be transmitted therebetween, power means. and a belt extending between the power means and said pulley, the belt contacting with the tapered periphery of the pulley and being arranged so that power can be transmitted between the said shaft and power means, the belt and pulley being relatively movable longitudinally ot' the pulley so that the position of the belt may be varied relatively to the pulley along the tapered periphery ot the pulley, thereby to vary the speed ratio between the shaft and the power means.

1t). Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on the shalt so that power can be transmitted therebetween, power means, and a belt extending 'between the power means and said pulley, the belt eontacting with the tapered periphery of the pulley and being arranged so that power can be transn'iitted between the said shaft and power means, the belt and pulley being relatively movable longitudinally otI the pulley so that the position of the belt may be varied relatively to the pulley along the tapered periphery of the pulley, and the belt extending from the pulley obliqnely to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the pulley on at least one side of the pulley.

11. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on the shaft, a belt contacting with the pulley so that power can be transmitted therebetween, and means responsive to the power transmitted between th(` belt and pulley for controlling the relative position ot' belt and pulley longitudinally ofthe pulley so that the relative position varies with the amount of power transmitted.

1Q. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tay'iered pulley mounted on the shaft so as to drive the shaft.V driving means, a belt extending between the driving means and pnlley, the beit and pulley being relatively movable longitudinally of the pulley so that the position of' the belt may be varied relatively to the pulley along thel tapered periphery of the pulley` and means responsive, to the power transmitted from the driving means to the shaft through the belt and pulley for controlling the relative, position ol belt and pulley.

lf3. Power apparatus comprising a sha l't, a tapered pulley mounted on the shaft so as to drive the shaft, driving means, a belt extendingbetween the driving means and pulley. the belt and pulley being relatively movable longitudinally of the pulley so that the position of thel belt may be varied along the tapered periphery of the pulley, and means responsive to the power transmitted from the driving means to the shaft through the belt and pulley for controlling the relative position of belt and pulley so that the belt moves toward the smaller end of the pulley as the power increases.

14. Power apparatus comprising a ta.- pered pulley, a belt contacting with the periphery of the pulley so that power can be transmitted therebetween, the belt being so arranged as to urge the pulley longitudinally of its axis in Yone direction when power is transmitted, and means for yieldingly urging the pulley in the opposite direetion.

15. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on the shaft so that power oan be transmitted therebetween, a belt contacting with the periphery of the pulley so 'that power can be transmitted therebetween, the belt being so arranged as to urge the pulley longitudinally of its axis when power is transmitted between the belt andthe pulley, and means arranged yieldingly to oppose the longitudinal force imparted to the pulley by the belt.

16. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on the shaft so that power may be transmitted therebetween, a belt contacting with the periphery of the pulley so that power may be transmitted therebetween, the pulley being mounted to move longitudinally of the shaft and the belt being arranged to urge the pulley along the shaft, yand yielding means to counteract the longitudinal force impart ed to the pulley by the belt.

17. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on' the shaft so that power may be transmitted therebetween, a belt contacting w-ith the periphery of the pulley so that power may be transmitted therebetween, the pulley being mounted to move longitudinally of the shaft and the belt being arranged to urge the pulley along the shaft, and means includeounteract the longitudinal force imparted to the pulley by the belt.

18. Power apparatus comprising vibratory means, a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on the shaft for rotating the shaft, a beltI connecting with the vibrator-y means and contacting with the tapered pulley, means to tension the belt so that the pulley is continuously rotated as the belt is moved back and 'forth by the vibratory means, said pulley being longitudinally movable on the shaft and the belt. being arranged to urge the pulley alongr the shaft as power is trans mitted through the pulley to the shaft, the longitudinal force imparted to the pulley by the belt varying with the power transing a coiled spring surrounding the shaft tov mitted, and means Iyieldingly counteracting the longitudinal force imparted to the pulley by the belt in such manner that, as the transmitted power varies, the longitudinal position of the pulley on the shaft varies, thereby varying the position of the belt on the tapered pulley.

19. Power apparatus comprising vibratory means, a shaft disposed transversely of the path of vibration of the vibratory means, a tapered pulley longitudinally movable on the shaft, a belt connecting with the vibratory means and contacting with the tapered pulley, means to tension the belt so thatthe pulley is continuously rotated as the belt is moved back-and forth, the belt being so disposed with respect to thepulley that the transmission of power from the vi-4 bratory means to the shaft through the belt and pulley tends to inovexthe pulley along the shaft so as to shift the belt along the taperedpulley, and means yieldingly to counteract the longitudinal movement of the pulley so that the speed and driving 'i 20. Power apparatus comprising vibra tory means in the form of a tuning fork, 'al i shaft disposed longitudinally of the"prongs of the tuning fork and in a plane normally intersecting the plane ofthe forks betweenv the forks, a tapered pulley mounted on the shaft so as to slide therealong, a spring urging the pulley in one direction along the shaft;r a belt connecting with the vibrator means and contacting with theY tapered pu ley, and means to tensionthe belt so that the pulley and shaft a-re continuously rotated by the vibration offthe vibratory means, the belt being so disposed that the transmission of power-through 't'lie belt and pulley opposes the action ofv the spring, whereby the pulley is shifted relatively to the belt in response to variation in the power transmitted. Signed by me at Montreal,' Canada.

LESLIE R. MCDONALD.