US1249300A - Chuck. - Google Patents

Description

W. A. BARKER.

CHUCK.

APPLICATION FILED IuLv 29. 191s.

Patented Dec. H, 191?.

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CHUM.

tpectueatton of Letters Patent.

Fatentetl Decm 11, 1917..

application tied July atl, 1916. eerial No. 112,092.

To all whom it may concern:

Fe it lmown 'that ll,-WnNnnr.L A. Banner, a citizen ofthe lllnited States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of llllinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Chucks, of which the following is a specification.

'lhis invention has reference to chucks adapted toloe used upon latlimes and the like, and relates more' particularly to the mechanism for closing the work-engaging jaws and holding them in gripping relation with the work.

@ne of the salient features of' this invention is, the provision of means whereby .the chuck jaws may be readily opened andv closed y the simple.y manipulation of a hand lever while the chuck is revolving at full speed as well as while it is standing still.

Another' object of my invention is to provide simple and efficient mechanism for controlling the chuck jaws, which will simultaneously move all of the jaws an equal distance into work-engaging position and will hrmly holdthelp in clamping relatiop with the work, and which will multiply a small expenditure yof force exerted upon the adjusting mechanism into an extremely heavy pressure exerted upon the jaws.

To facilitate an understanding of my inf vention andan appreciation of its attendant advanta es l have illustrated one practical and pre erred rembodiment thereof on the accompanying drawings, which shouldbe coneidered in connection with the following description. Referring to the drawings,-

Figure 1 j illustrates a longitudinal sectional view` through. a chuck embodying my invention;

Fi 2 is a transverse sectional viewI on thellttl'e 2-2 of Fig. l;

'Fi 3 isa similar view on the line 3.-3 of Fig. 1; and Figjt is a fragmentary sectional view on the line lf-t of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, reference character 5 indicatesy a spind ey of a lathe or other machine upon which the hub 6 of a chuck-body, designatedv generally by reference character 7, is` threaded in the usual manner, as shown in Fig'l. lln a series of radially arranged grooves 8 formed-in the front face of the chuck-body are mounted a. plurality, (in. the present instance three) of' vgripping or work-holding jaws 9, the workengaging portions 11 of which may be of any preferred construction, those shown for -purposes of illustration merely, being of re- I versible step-jaw type adapted to be reversed 'and adjusted to grip objects of different sizes intended to be worked.l 'llhe rear face of each back portion 12 of each jaw is provided with a transversely extending groove 13 in which there is slidablydisposed a pivot block 14: provided with a central bearing aperture 16 adapted to receive the trunnion 17 of ajaw-operating lever 18. Fach lever is provided with o positely extending pintles 19 and 21 wiiich are re` spectively journaled in bearings formed in the front wall of the chuck-body 7 and inl the back' plate 22 which is pinned, bolted or otherwise rigidly secured to the rear face of the chuck-body. rllhe pintles 19 and 21 form the fulcrums for the levers 18 about which these levers are oscillated to move the chuckjaws in and out radially of the body, the bearing blocks le, which are slidable transversely of the jaws, being provided for the purpose of converting the arcuate movement of the trunnion 17 into a rightr line movement of. the chuck-jaws.

'Upon the hub 6 of the chuck-body there is I sleeved or rotatably mounted a member 23 which is adapted to simultaneously actuate all of the levers 18 to force the chuck-jaws.

into closing position.' This member .is provided on lts periphery with three depressions 24: arranged so that they will simul taneously receive the anti-friction rollers 25 mounted upon the inturnedextremities 26 of the long arms of the levers 18, as 'clearly shown in Fig. 3. Counterclockwise frein each ofy these depressions 24 the member 2,3 is shaped to provide an elongated cam surface 2 which, when the member 23 is ,par tially rotated in a clockwise direction relatively to the hub 6 of the chuck-body, viewing Fig. 3, swings the long arms of the levers 18 outwardly, thereby forcing the short arms inwardly to move the Vjaws into workengaging position. llt yshould bei'ebserved that upon initial movement of the member 23 the levers 18 will be moved relatively rapidly as the depressions 21 travel from i ber 23 intoa very powerful gripping force may ljaws to open exerted by the jaws upon the object or material to be held. .The parts are so proportionedthat thecombined weight of the jaws and the short arms of the levers when multiplied by the length of the short arms is substantially equal to the combined weight of the long arms of the levers and the rollers 25 when multiplied by the effective length of the long arms, so that the jaws and the levers are practically balanced and are therefore affected but little, if any, by centrifugal force when the chuck is in operation. For the purpose, however, of insuring' the opening of the jaws when the cam member 23 is moved to opening position as shown in Fig. 3, I provide each lever 1S with a socket 28 in which is seated a light coiled expansion spring 29 abutting at its oute'r end against lthe surrounding wall of the chuck body, so that the expansive force of these springs will urge the rollers 25 into 7continuous engagement with the periphery of the cam member 23 thereby causing the as the cam member is moved to opening position. j. j

Any suitable mechanism maybe employed -for causing the cam Vmember 23 to rotate with the chuck body and to be partially ro.- tated relatively to the chuck-body to close or open the chuck-jaws when the chuck is' rotated. I have, for purposes of illustration, showxf ,on the drawings one practical and preferred mechanism for accomplishing ferential wall 35 and this result. Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be observed that the depressions 24 and cam surfaces 27 are formed at the rear endof the member 23 while the front end which projects longitudinally beyond the back plate v22 of therotating chuck-body is provided withy gearf'teeth 31. A gear 32 equal in peripheral circumference to the toothed portion of the member 23, and also provided with circumferential teeth 33 corresponding innumber with the teeth 31, is rigidly secured by a key34 or other suitable means to the outer end of the chuckhub 6 so as to rotate therewith.

A stationary casing comprising a circumferential wall 35, a rear wall 36, and a front wall 37 in the' form `of a plate rigidly secured to the forward edge of the circumj having a forwardly projecting fiange 38 loosely fittin within the back plate 22 of the chuck-bo y, is fixedly secured to .the machine frame just rearwardly of the chuckbody so as to house the gears 31 and 32, as shown 'in Fig. 1. An

annular clamping nut orrin 39 may be threaded onto the rear end of t e chuck-hub 6 to prevent accidental escape'of the key 34 'and to assist in.,unit1ng the parts and steadyy in the construction.

ithin the stationary casing at the junc- 'tu'refof the walls 35 and 36 I have fixedly secured, by means of screws 41, an internal ends of the ing gear 32 and y gear 42, and laterally adjacent to said gear within the casing is mounted an internal gear 43 of equal internal diameter and provided with an equal number of gear teeth. A handle 44 extending through a slot 45 in the circumferential wall 35 ofthe casing is fixedly secured by bolts 46 to the internal gear 43 which, by means of this handle, may be partially rotated within thecasing within the limits defined by the ends 47 and 48 of the slot 45. An annular ring 49 is loosely sleeved upon the hub 6 between the opposed gears 23 and 32, as shown in Fig. 1, and this ring carries on opposite faces a plurality of pairs of pinions through which motion is transmitted from the gear 32 to the gear 23.

eferring to Figs. 1 and 2, it will* be observed that the ring 49 carries a plurality cf bearing or stud bolts 51, four being shown in the present instance, upon the rear ends of which are mounted pinions 52 meshing with both the gear 32 and the internal gear 42. At their forward ends, projecting through the ring 49, these bolts are threaded vinto bushings 53 upon which are rotatably 4mounted similar pinions 54, each meshing with the teeth 31 of the member 23 and with the adjustable internal gear 43.

Assuming now that the chuck is rotating, the gear 32 will be rotated with the hub 6 of the chuck and by reason of the intermeshing relation of the pinions 52 with the rotatthe stationary internal gear 42 the ring 49 will be rotated in thc same direction as the chuck but at a slower speed. As-the ring rotates, carrying with it the pinions 54, each of which meshes with the gear teeth 31 and the internal gear 43 which normally is stationary` similarly vto the gear 42, the member 23 will be rotated in the same direction as the chuck and at the same speed. Since the jaw-operating levers 18 are carried by the chuck body and the member 23 is rotating in the same direction and at the same speed as the chuck-body it will be manifest that no relative movement between the member 23 and the levers takes place, consequently the jaws will remain stationary relatively to the chuck-body. Assuming that the parts are in the position shown in the drawlngs, with the chuck-jaws open and the chuck rotating in a clockwise direction, viewing Fig. 3, and a counterclockwise diw rection, viewing Fig. 2, should it be desirable to close the jaws, the handle 44 is swung by the operator in a clockwise direct-ion, viewing Fig. 2, carrying with it the movable internal gear 43 which, acting through the pinions 54will impart an additional partial rotation to the member 23 relatively to the chuck body and in the same direction that the body is rotating, with the result that the member 23 will travelrelatively to the chucksbody in a clockwise direction, viewing Fig. 3, to move the cam surfaces 27 beneath the rollers 25 and thereby, through the levers 18, force the jaws into closing position against the work in the chuck. When he jaws have been tightly closed against the work by this movement of the handle 44 they will remain locked in closed position by the cam member 23 which continues to ro tate with the chuck-body, there being` no tendency toward relative movement of this member with respect to the chuck-body by reason of the fact that the cam surfaces 27 have a very slow rise and the rolle-rs press against the cam surfaces at substantially right angles to these surfaces at the point of contact. It will thus be manifest that the chuck-jaws can be closed by a simple manipulation of the handle 44 irrespective of the speed at which the chuck may be rotating. When it is desired to open the jaws the handle 44 is swung in the opposite direction thereby imparting` a reverse movement to the member 23 relatively to the chuck-body so as to permit the jaws to open under the influence of the coil springs 29.

It is believed that my invention and its mode of operation should be readily understood from the foregoing without further description but it should also be obvious that the details of construction illustrated and described are capable of wide modification and variation within the purview of the invention as defined by the following claims.

I claim:

l. In a chuck, the combination of a rotatable chuck body, jaws movable radially therein, levers pivoted on said chuck body and connected to said jaws, means concentric with said body and normally rotating at the same speed and in the same direction with the latter for actuating said levers, and means for rotating said leveractuating means relatively to said body while the latter is rotating, to effect actuation of said levers.

2. I n a chuck, the combination of a rotatable chuck body, jaws movable radially therein, levers pivoted on said chuck body and connected to said jaws, cam means sleeved upon the hub of said body and engaging said levers, means normally effecting rotation ofsaid cam means at the same speed and in the same direction with said body, and manually operable means for increasing or diminishing the speed of rotation of said cam means relatively to the speed of rotation of said body whereby to aetuate said levers.

3. In a chuck, the combination of a rotatable chuck body, jaws movable radially therein, levers pivoted on said chuck body and connected to said jaws, cam means sleeved upon the hub of said body and engaging said levers, a planetary gear transmission intermediate said hub and said cam means normally effecting rotation of the latter in the same direction and at the same speed with the latter, and manually operable means acting through said planetary gear transmission to increase or diminish the Speed of rotation of said cani means rela tively to the speed of rotation of said body whereby to actuate said levers.

4. In a chuck, the combination of a rota table chuck body, jaws movable radially therein, levers pivoted on said chuck body and connected to said jaws, a sleeve rotatably mounted on the hub of said body and formed with a plurality of cam surfaces corresponding in number to said levers and each engaging one end of one of said levers, each of said cam inclines having an abrupt rise at its forward end and diminishing` in inclination to approximately zero at its rear end, means normally effecting rotation of said sleeve at the same speed and in the same direction with said body, and manually operable means for increasing or diminishing the speed of rotation of said sleeve relatively to the speed of rotation of said body.

5. In a chuck, the combination of a body, a plurality of jaws mounted for radial movement thereon, levers mounted upon axes par allel with the axis of rotation of said body Vhaving their short arms connected wth said jaws, and means disposed within the chuckbody in position to act upon the long arms of said levers to force the jaws into closed position, the combined weight of the jaws and the short arms of the levers multiplied by the effective length of said short arms being approximately equal to the weight of the long arms of the levers multiplied by the effective length of said long arms, whereby said jaws and levers are substantially bal` anced within the chuck body.

WENDELL A.. BAKKER.

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