US1247790A - Torch. - Google Patents

Description

A. F. CARLSON.

TORCH.

APPLICATJON FILED FEB. 19. 1916- 1 4t7fi flc Patented Nov. 27, 191?.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

fibrm a F. CARLSON.

TORCH. APPLICATION FILED FEB-19.1916.

1L ,%7 ?9B Patented Nov, 27/, 1917.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

ALBERT F. CARLSON, OF CHISAGO CITY, MINNESOTA.

TORCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2?, 1191?.

Application filed February 19, 1916. Serial No. 79,296.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. CARLsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ghisago City, in the county of Chisago and State of Minnesota, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Torches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in torches for welding, cutting and other metallurgical purposes, wherein two supplies of hydrocarbon gas and oxygen mixed, under pressure and independently controlled are so associated with a burner tip as to issue in the form of a double flame when ignited, one of said flames being arranged within the other. The outer or insulating flame uses low velocity of gas, while the inner pencil flame employs high velocity of gas, the former acting as a pilot for the latter and pre-heating and insulating it from the effects of the outer atmosphere. The pencil flame performs the function of quickly heating the metal to be welded to a high temperature.

In this invention there are, among its advantages, a saving of fuel; an elimination of flash backs and blow outs; greater speed in welding; a Wider area of melted metal adjacent the welding point; a freedom of unburnt gases in the pencil flame when adjusted for either a high or low temperature; no oxidizing of the metal being heated by the torch; the accomplishment of all varieties of work, and a burner of simple and inexpensive construction, the parts of which are easily made interchangeable.

The invention also provides a flame having great range of quick adjustment as the requirements of the operator may demand, from a soft flame to a fine needle point flame of extremely high temperature or to a very powerful long flame either of small or large diameter.

While the burner set forth in the present application is adapted for all classes of work by slightly modifying its construction, the specific form disclosed is adapted particularly although not exclusively for use 'in the art of Welding metal, the form of construction for cutting metal being described in detail and claimed in my compan ion application executed of even date herewith.

Further objects will be apparent from the following description, and to these ends my invention comprises the features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter more particularly described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of my invention; Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line XX of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a plan looking up at the .burner tip; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a detail; Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a detail of an alternative construction of the burner, Fig. 6 is a plan of the burner tip illustrated in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line YY of Fig. 1. In the drawing, A indicates a handle having a cylindrical body 2, mounted upon two end pieces 3 and 4 combining therewith to form a chamber. The end 3 is provided with a pair of valve fittings 5 and 6, the fitting 5 controlling the supply of hydrocarbon gas (blau-gas for example) and the fitting 6 controlling the supply of oxygen under suitable pressure. Connected with the valve fitting 6 to be controlled by its valve is a supply pipe 7 and connected with said valve fittlng 6 so as not to be controlled by said valve is a supply pipe 8 (see Fig. 7) In the same manner a supply pipe 9 is connected with the valve fitting 5 so as not to be controlled by its valve, and another pipe 10 is connected with said last mentioned fitting to be controlled by the opening and closing of its valve, all of the p1pes 7, 8, 9 and 10 extending through the chamber in the handle. The pipes 7 and 10, which are controlled by the valves in the fittings 5 and 6 extend forwardly and are connected with passages 11 and 12 in the forward end element l and the pipes 8 and 9 are connected with a valve casing 13 (see Fig. 2), having valves 14 and 15 which control respectively the ducts leading through the pipes 8 and 9. By this means one pair ofthc supply pipes 7 and 10 is controlled by a pair of valve elements 5 and 6, while the other pair 8 and 9 is controlled by the valve elements 14: and 15. The ends of the pipes 8 and 9 extend forwardly from the valve elements 14 and 15 through and beyond the end element 4, their extremities being connected with my improved burner head B to be hereinafter described. Thus, there is a supply of combustible gas and-oxygen under pressure controlled and regulated independently by valves, delivered by each pair of supply pipes for use in my improved burner.

The forward end element 4 is formed with a threaded nipple 16 through which the ducts 11 and 12 extend and upon said nipple is mounted, by threaded connection a forwardly projecting stem 17 containing a longitudinal passage 19 and a mixture chamber 20 for combustible gas and oxygen delivered by the ducts 11 and 12. The nipple also has threaded therein a small nozzle 21 containing a passage 22, which connects with the duct 11., said nozzle being adapted to project the oxygen received from the supply pipe 7 and thoroughly mix the same with the combustible gas, which is admitted into the mixing chamber around the nozzle from the duct 12. The mixture thus formed is conducted through the passage 19 into my improved burner head B. This burner head B is formed with a body or casing 23 divided by a partition 24 into an upper mixing chamber 25 for the welding flame and a fuel mixture supply compartment 26 for the insulating flame. A portion of the body adjacent the compartment 26 has threaded thereinto a nipple 27, extending from an end of .the stem 17 and through which the passage 19 connects with said chamber.

Mounted upon the body 23 by the threaded connection 28 is an insulating flame nozzle 29 of conical shape tapering outwardly from the body and formed with an inner conical passage 80 also tapering toward the tip of the nozzle. This passage 30 conducts the fuel mixture of combustible gas and oxygen from the chamber 26 through the tip of the burner, where it is ignited. Threaded upon the body and closing the mixture compartment 25 is a stopper 31, which is formed with an oxygen nozzle 32 containing a passage 33 on the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 29, said nozzle projecting into the mixing chamber 25. To the upper end of this stopper is secured by the coupling 34 the oxygen supply tube 8.- Extending laterally from the side of the chamber 25 is a passaged nipple with which the free end of the combustible gas supply tube 9 is connected by the coupling 36. By this means the combustible gas mixture admitted into the chamber 25 across the end of the oxygen supply nozzle 32 is thoroughly mixed.

Situated immediately below the oxygen supply nozzle 32 and co-axial therewith. is an inner welding flame nozzle 37 in the form of a small conical tube thrcadcd'at its large end at 40 into the partition 2+ and contain ing a conical passage 41 diminishing in size toward the outer end of said tube. By this arrangement the oxygen under pressure admitted by the duct 33 into the mixing chamber 25 thoroughly mixes with the combustible gas admitted by the passagcd nipple 35 and causes a current of said mixture to be projected forwardly through the welding same axis longitudinally from the end of the burner tip, the inner stream being comparatively small and the outer stream annular and surrounding the inner stream. These streams of combustible mixture when ignited produce an innerpencil flame of extremely high temperature and the outer flame of lower temperature forms a jacket which in sulates the inner flame from the effects of the outer atmosphere and assists in producing complete combustion. The inner flame thereby attains an extremely high temperature which is advantageous for welding purposes.

The advantages of this arrangement of the flames and of the means for producing such arrangement are many. As a result of this combination, a soft noiselessinsulating flame is produced. The outer circular flame preheats the inner flame and insulates the inner flame from the cold outer atmosphere by a small circle of heat at approximately 5000 degrees more or less, thereby assisting in. producing thorough combustion of the gas and oxygen in the inner or welding flame. This substantially complete combustion of the gas eliminates the oxidizing effects caused by. unburnt gases on nearly all metallic substances when melted, which is a distinct advantage. Through the use of separate mixing chambers for the gases and oxygen which are employed in each of the flames and controlling the same separately by valves as illustrated, every adjustment of velocity desired of the gas and oxygen is attained. By this means the welding flame (an be instantly changed to any desired heat between three and seven thousand degrees approximately or over while at the same time the same shape of the flame and complete combustion are attained. The use of special tips, except in extreme cases where extremely heavy work is required are not needed.

By using a circular flame surrounding the welding flame, the gas mixture in the welding flame is ignited under very high speed, while passing through a very small opening in the tip, or in other words, the invention increases the rapidity of ignition in different mixtures, thereby enabling the effective use of what are termed lazy gases, as well as gases which ignite more readily by the use of my improvement.

As a further result, considerably more heat from each cubic foot of oxygen and gas used is obtained through the combustion, which is forced to take place by the use of my invention. My invention therefore is more economical than other burners.

In operation the valves controlling the supply pipes 7 and 10 are shifted open, and the mixture resulting therefrom ignited at the tip of the burner. When this flame is regulated to the desired size, the valves 14 and 15' are opened, producin a mixture of gas and oxygen in the mixm chamber 25, said mixture being projects under high velocity in a long thin stream from the end of the burner tip, where it is ignited. These flames are then regulated by the valves until the desired temperature is attained by'the inner welding flame, whereupon the burner is used in the customary manner. My improved burner is adapted for use with any hydrocarbon gas and oxygen, the sources of supply under pressure being connected with the valve fittings 5 and 6. When, desired the circular insulating flame can be produced by a series of holes such as 44 in the tip of the insulating nozzle 29, (see Figs. 5 and 6), instead of the circular opening illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3.

In accordance with the patent statutes, I have described the. principles of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the construction shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carriedout by other means and applied to usesother than those above set forth within the scope of thefollowing claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is: p

1. A device for metallurgical purposes, comprising, in combination a burner having separate mixing chambers, ducts admitting a supply of oxygen and a supply of hydro-carbon gas into each of said chambers, mixture conducting passages leading from each of said chambers and terminating in adjacent orifices at the outer extremity of the burner one axially of the other, the inner orifice being adapted to project a pencil flame and the outer orifice forming a jacket of flame surrounding and insul'ating said pencil flame from the eflects of the outer atmosphere and reducing the tendency of the material being heated from oxidizing, and means for regulating each of said ducts, whereby the proportion of the constituents entering said mixing cham bers and the velocities of said mixtures can be adjusted.

2. A device for metallurgical purposes, comprising, a burner having a pair of mixture chambers, means for supplying oxygen and hydro-carbon gas to each of said chambers, means for independently regulating each of said supplies, and a burner tip having two nozzles arranged one Within the other, the outer nozzle having an orifice connected with one of said mixture chambers forming a jacket flame of an ignited mixture of gas and oxygen of comparatively low velocity and said inner orifice connected with the other of said mixture chambers and forming a pencil flame of an ignited mixture of high velocity gas and oxygen insulated from the effects of the outer atmosphere by said jacket flame, said orifices being arranged adjacent one another at the outer extremity of the burner.

3. A device for metallurgical purposes, comprising, in combination, a burner head having two compartments one of which forms a mixing chamber and the other a conducting passage, a valved hydrocarbon gas supply duct entering said chamber, a valve controlled oxygen supply nozzle in said chamber, a welding flame nozzle coaxially disposed to said oxy en supply nozzle and secured in a we]? of said compartments and traversing said conducting passage for emitting the mixture from said mixing chamber, a second mixing chamber having a duct leading into said conducting (passage and valved gas supply and valve oxygen supply passages entering said second mixing chamber, and an insulating flame nozzle co-axially arranged to said welding flame nozzle and connected with said conducting passage, said insulating and welding flame nozzles having an outer annular orifice and an inner orifice concentrically arranged adjacent to said outer orifice at the extreme outer end of said burner, for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ALBERT r. canteen.

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