US1245355A

US1245355A - Nautical instrument.

Info

Publication number: US1245355A
Application number: US19441317A
Authority: US
Inventors: George Koffskey
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-10-02
Filing date: 1917-10-02
Publication date: 1917-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 1934-11-06

Description

G. KOFFS-KEY.

NAUTICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-5.1916 RENEWED OCT. 2.191?- 1,245,355. Patented Nov. 6, 1917,

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

WITNESSES INVENTOR JA Wm wr yew;

" I ATTORNEYS G. KOFFSKEY.

NAUTICAL INSTRUMENT. I r APPLICATION HLED AUG-5|19l5- RENEWED OCT- 2,1911- 1,245,355. Patented Nov. 6, 1917.

2 SHEETS$HEET 2- WITNESSES INYENTOR v Br ATTORNEYS GEORGE KOFFSKEY, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

NAUTICAL INSTRUMENT.

Application filed August 5, 1916, Serial No. 113,258.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it-known that I, GEORGE KorrsKnY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans and State of Louisiana, have invented anew and Improved Nautical Instrument, of

vide an instrument b Y which. the sun 'ives the position of the instrument at any hour of the day, consequently the position of a vessel at sea may be determined, the determination of the exact location depending on the accuracy of the elements constituting the device.

lVith the above and other objects in view, the nature of which will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel construct-ion, combination and arrangement of parts as herein fully described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of the application, similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a perspective front elevation of the instrument, the hand plate not being shown;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation without the end plate;

Fig. 4. is a top view of the instrument the hand plate being shown in use; and

Fig. 5 is a section on line 55, Fig. 4.

Referring to the drawings, 6 and 7 are two plates forming circular sectors hinged on their radial line through the medium of a bolt 8. The end of the bolt extends from a carrier or support 9,.in the shape of a plate, having two portions and 11 offset from each other lying in parallel planes and both disposed at right angles to the bolt 8 on which the plates 6 and 7 are hinged. The reason for offset-ting one-portion of the plane from the other is to ac commodate the larger sector'formed by the p1ate7.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 6, 1917.

Renewed October 2, 1917. Serial No. 194,413.

The plates 6 and 7 have an enlargement 12 at the end bearing against the coresponding portions of the support 9. The portion 10 of the support 9 has a circular slot 13 in register with the enlargement 12 of the plate 6, the center of which slot is in the axis of the bolt 8. The portion 11 of the support 9 has also a circular slot 13 in register with the enlargement 12 of the plate 7, the center of which slot is in the axis of the bolt 8. The portions 10 and 11 of the support 9 are each graduated along their slots, the Zero of each lying in a commonplane passing through the axis of the hinge. The divisions of said scales are such as to read to 30 of an are. A Vernier 13 is con nected to the enlarged portion 12 of each sector to cooperate with the corresponding.

is braced to said support 9 by rods 15 extending from the bearing 14 to the support. The displacement of either plate 6 or 7 on its hinge is indicated bythe scales on the portions 10 and 11 of the support v9, the angle indicated by said scales being formed by either of the plates with the plane passing through the axis of the hinge and the zero division of said scales. The arcuate edge of the plates 6 and 7 is divided into degrees to read to the zero of said scales being on the axis of the hinge. Each plate has an arcuated bridge 16 concentric with the arcuated edge of the plate. Each bridge constitutes a guide for a vernier 17 cooperating with the corresponding scale. Each of the verniers 17 has extensions 18 at each end thereof which engage the arcuated edge of the corresponding plate. sions form additional guides forthe verniers and insure a more exact reading.

A hand plate 19 cooperates-with the plates 6 and 7. Said hand plate is in the shape of a circular segment having a handle 20 for These exten facilitating the manipulation thereof. The.

concave edge of thesegment is subdivided At zero of the; scale, which lies in close proximity to the end of the plate, there is a pointer 21 ceninto degrees to read to 30.

tral with the zero divisionand forwhich there are niches 22 in the extensions 18 of the verniers 17. An arcuated bridge 23 is provided on the hand plate 19 to be concentric with the concave edge of the hand plate. This bridge constitutes a guide for a vernier 2%, which vernier has a pointer at its zero division also adapted to enter the niche provided in theextension 18 of the verniers 17 (see Fig. 5).

To=find the altitude of places at the time ofobservation, determine the apparent alti-..

tudeof sun at any hour of the day and correct it for true latitude, also note the apparent time of observation. Set the plates 6 and 7 to the hour angle of observation. On plate 7 set the Vernier to the polar distance of the day and hour, taking the declination from the nautical almanac. Set the vernier on hand plate 19 to the observedcoaltitude of the sun corrected. Place the pointer of the vernier 24 on the hand plate into a niche of the extension of thevernier on the plate 7, thenv move thevernier on plate 6 to bring t-heniche of theproper extension thereof into engagement with the pointer. of thehand plate. The angle read on'plate (5 Will be the co-latitude, and this subtracted from 90 gives the latitude of place at the time of observation.

Thelatitude may also be=deterinined in theufollowing manner. Take the compass azimuth of the sun and correct for error to get the true bearing of the sun. Setplates 6 and 7 to this angle. Place the Vernier 17 on plate 6 to the co-altitude of sun corrected. For this purpose observe theapparent altitude of the sun and make the necessary corrections to get the-correct altitude. Move the Vernier 2i on the hand plate 19 to express the -polar distance for the day and hour, takingthe declination of the sun from the nautical, almanac. of the hand plate into a niche of an extension 18 of the vernier 17 on the plate 6, then move thevernier 17 on plate 7 and bring the proper niche of an extension 18 into engagement with a pointer 25 of the Vernier 2s onth'e hand plate. The co-latitude is then found on the plate 7, which subtracted from 90 will give the latitude.

Knowing the time of sunrise, the hours, minutes and seconds of time are changed to degrees, minutes and .seconds of arc. derived degrees, minutesandseconds of arc are set on plate 7 by means of the vernier 17. Then the declination of sun for day and hour is taken from a nautical almanac and thisis set on plate 6. Theplates 6 and 7 are then moved to et5 on the support so that the angle includedby the two plates is 90. The pointer '21 of the hand plate 19 is then brought into a niche of an extension 18-of either of the verniers 17. The vernier 2% on the hand plate is then moved to bring thep'ointer 25 thereof into the niche of the Place the pointer 21' The of sun being indicated on plate 6. The Yernier on hand plate 19 is then set to the con-.

verted time of sunrise. By placing the pointer 21 of hand. plate. into a nichepf the extension 18 of a Vernier. and. moving the other plate on its hinge to bring the=correspending niche of the extension into engagement with the pointer 25 of the vernier 24 the included angle made bytheplates 6 and 7 will be the lfii-itudeflt-1116 611116 of observation. It the true bearing of the sun is known at sunrise, one setting will give the latitude angle.

When the sun is on the meridian, suppose the latitudeis 30, the declination 20, and

the altitude.80, then to co-latitude .villbe Polar distance 90 minus 20 equals, co-altitude i90= 90.minus 30. equals 60.

minus equals 10".. From theabove 60 plus 20 equals 80, which will be the great est altitudeat noon. The =

co-altitudebeing

10, 60 plus 10 equals 70, which is equal to the polar distance. 7

So bothv plates. 6. r and will lieflat, that is, in .the sameplane, which is shown in the drawings; and this will be true in any latitude at noon.

1 claim:

1. A nautical. instrument ,comprisinga pairof relativelymovable plates. adapted to form a dihedral. angle, means. for indicating the angular relation of ,theiplates, each. of.

said plates having divisions to indicate angles thereupon of which one sideis the edge 0t the.angle, and means for: indicating the angular relation between any two divi-- sions of the two plates.

2. A nautical instrument comprising apair of hinged plates each having divisions to indicate angles thereupon of .Which one side is the axis of the hinge, a carrierfor the plateshaving means for indicating the angular relation of the plates, .anda; member for. indicatingthe angularrelation between any two divisions of the two plates.

3. A nautical instrument comprising .a pair of hinged circular sectors each'having divisions for indicating angles thereupon of which angles .onewsi'de is the axis of the hinge, a carrier forthe.sectorshaving means for. indicating the angular relation between the sectors, and a member fonindicatingv the angulararelation between any two div-i sions of the two sectors.

4. A nautical lnstrument comprisinga pair of hinged circular sectors each having divisions at the curved edge thereof for indicating angles of which one side is the axis of the hinge, a carrier engaging the pivot of the sectors hinge, said carrier having divi sions for indicating the angular relation between the sectors, and a member for indicating the angular relation between any two divisions of the two sectors.

5. A nautical instrument comprising a support, a bolt projecting from said support, a pair of circular sectors hinged to the bolt on a radial line, said support having circular slots the center of which is-in the axis of the bolt, each of said sectors having means engaging the slots, said support having divisions at the slot for indicating the angular relation between the sectors, each of said sectors having divisions for indicating angles thereupon of which one side is in the axis of the bolt, and a plate having means for indicating angles thereupon for indicating the angular relation between any two divisions of the two sectors.

6. A nautical instrument comprising a pair of hinged plates each having divisions to indicate angles thereupon of which one side is in the axis of the hinge, a support for the plates having means for indicating the angular relation between the hinged plates, and a plate having a fixed member and a movable member for indicating the angular relation between any two divisions of the two plates.

7. A nautical instrument comprising a support, a bolt projecting at right angles to the support, a pair of circular sectors hinged to the bolt on their radial lines, said sectors having means engaging the support, said support having divisions for indicating the angular relation of the sectors, a movable member on each sector for indicating angles thereupon of which one side is in the axis of the bolt, a circular segment having a fixed member adapted to engage either of the movable members on the sector, and a movable member on said circular segment for indicating angles thereupon between the fixed and the movable member, said movable member adapted to engage either of the movable members on the sector whereby the angular relation between said movable members and the sector may be determined.

8. A nautical instrument comprising a pair of hinged circular sectors, a support for said sectors having means for indicating the angular relation between the sectors, a movable member on each of said sectors for indicating angles thereupon of which one side is in the axis of the hinge, a circular segment having a fixed member adapted to engage either of the movable members of the sector, and a movable member on said circular segment for indicating angles thereupon of which one side is the fixed member of said segment and the other side the movable member, said movable member being adapted to engage either of the movable members of the sectors whereby the angular relation between the movable mem bers on the sectors may be determined.

9. A nautical instrument comprising a support, a pair of hinged circular sectors secured to the support with the axis of the hinge perpendicular to said support, angular divisions 011 said sectors, movable verniers cooperating with the angular divisions for reading angles thereupon, one side of which angles is in the axis of the hinge, said support having an arcuated groove the center of curvature of which groove is in the axis of the sectors hinge, a vernier associated with each sector and in engagement with the groove, angular divisions on the support disposed to cooperate with the lastmentioned verniers whereby the angular relation between the sectors may be read, a circular segment having angular divisions thereupon, a fixed pointer on said segment extending from the zero division on said segment, and a vernier movable on said circular segment for reading the angular divisions on said segment, said vernier having a pointer extending from the division of the vernier, said verniers on the sectors having means for receiving the pointer of the segment and the vernier thereupon whereby the angular relation between the verniers on the sectors may be determined.

GEORGE KOFFSKEY.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 0! Patents, Washington, D. G.