US1243009A - Electrode and process of making the same. - Google Patents
Electrode and process of making the same. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1243009A US1243009A US14620417A US14620417A US1243009A US 1243009 A US1243009 A US 1243009A US 14620417 A US14620417 A US 14620417A US 14620417 A US14620417 A US 14620417A US 1243009 A US1243009 A US 1243009A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- making
- tar
- electrode
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N=C2OC=CC2=C1 WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000006173 Larrea tridentata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000073231 Larrea tridentata Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002126 creosote Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 paraformaldehyde Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011276 wood tar Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
Definitions
- My invention relates to electrodes or electrical conductors and particularly to that class of electrodes which are composed partly of carbon.
- An object of my inven-' tion is to produce a harder and stronger article of this classthan those in common use at present.
- Electrodes of my invention are of particular value as dynamo brushes, but they have numerous other uses.
- I first mix together finely divided carbon, a phenol or creos'olv or a compound or mixture containing phenols and creosols, such as pitch, tar or creosote oil, and formaldehyde or a formaldehyde derivative, such as paraformaldehyde, and hexamethylenetetramin;
- a phenol or creos'olv or a compound or mixture containing phenols and creosols such as pitch, tar or creosote oil, and formaldehyde or a formaldehyde derivative, such as paraformaldehyde, and hexamethylenetetramin
- the strength of the final material as well asits electrical conductivity may be varied by varying the proportion of the carbon to the other ingredients in the mixture.
- One formula whichI have found to give a very satisfactory product is as follows 64% carbon (containing particles of different sizes),
- An electrode consistin of a hard noninfiammable body produce from a mixture of carbon, tar, and a compound containing the formaldehyde radical.
- An electrode consisting of a hard non inflammable body produced from a mixture of finely divided carbon including particles 5.
- a process of making electrodes comprising mixing together finely divided carbon containing particles of different sizes, tar, and a compound containing the formaldehyde radical, pressing the mixture into blocks, and calcining the blocks at a temperature above the decomposition point of the condensation products present.
- a process of making electrodes comprising mixing carbon, tar, and a compound containing the formaldehyde radical, heating the mixture sufiieiently'to drive ofl the volatile matter, pressing the mixture into blocks, and calcining the blocks at a temperature above the decomposition point of thecondensation products present.
- a process of making electrodes comprising mixing together carbon, tar, and a compound containing the formaldehyde point of the condensation products present.
- a process of makin electrodes comprising mixing together nely divided carbon about 6L%, tar about 33%, and formaldehyde derivative about 3%, heating the mixture to a temperature not exceeding 450 F. to drive Oil the volatile matter, grinding f the-resulting mass to a powder, pressing the powder into blocks, and calcining the blocks at a temperature above the decomposition point ofthe condensation products present.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
'J'ORGEN ERNST THOMSEN, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO THE JOSEPH DIXON CBUCIBLE COMPANY, .OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OI! NEW JERSEY.
ELECTRODE AND PROCESS OF MAKING- THE SAME.
No Drawing.
tain new anduseful Improvements in Electrodes and Processes of Making the Same,
of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to electrodes or electrical conductors and particularly to that class of electrodes which are composed partly of carbon. An object of my inven-' tion is to produce a harder and stronger article of this classthan those in common use at present. Electrodes of my invention are of particular value as dynamo brushes, but they have numerous other uses.
In order that my invention may clearly be understood, I will describe in detail a specific embodiment of it.
In producing my electrode, I first mix together finely divided carbon, a phenol or creos'olv or a compound or mixture containing phenols and creosols, such as pitch, tar or creosote oil, and formaldehyde or a formaldehyde derivative, such as paraformaldehyde, and hexamethylenetetramin;
I find it preferable not to have the carbon content of this mixture reduced-t0 a uniform degree of-fineness. It should preferably consist of particles of graphite of diflerent sizes. If formaldehyde is used, I find it desirable also to add a small quantity of alkali, as, for example, ammonia, to 35V the mixture;
The strength of the final material as well asits electrical conductivity may be varied by varying the proportion of the carbon to the other ingredients in the mixture. One formula whichI have found to give a very satisfactory product is as follows 64% carbon (containing particles of different sizes),
18% coal tar, 15% creosote, 3% hexamethylenetetramin. The above described mixture is then heat ed to a temperature not exceeding 450 F.
to drive ofl the volatile matter and the remaining mass is ground to a powder.
The powder thusfornied is then pressed into molds at. a pressure :which must vary according to thehardness and density dein the product. When making the Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Oct. 16, 1917.
Application filed. February 2, 1917. Serial No. 146,204.
maldehyde and the phenols and creosols.
It is necessary to surround or cover the blocks w1th fine carbon during the calcining or otherwise prevent oxygen from comingin contact with the blocks when heated about a red heat. In calcining, thetemperature must be raised very slowly up to the point where the condensation products of the formaldehyde and the cresols and phenols are fully carbonized and all the gases from their decomposition have been expelled. When this point is reached, the calcination is complete and a further increase in the temperature has no effect.
I wish it clearly understood that my invention is by no means limited to the specific embodiment which I have described. My invention is defined in the following claims, in which I haveused the word tar in a generic sense to include either wood tar, coal tar or a mixture of the two or any substance or substances containing phenols or creosols or both. 1 J
1. An electrode consistin of a hard noninfiammable body produce from a mixture of carbon, tar, and a compound containing the formaldehyde radical.
2. An electrode consisting of a hard non inflammable body produced from a mixture of finely divided carbon including particles 5. A process of making electrodes, com- .prising mixing together cfilion tar and a compound containing the fdrmal dehyde radical, pressing the mixture into blocks, and calcining the blocks at a temperature above the decomposition point of the condensation products present.
6. A process of making electrodes, comprising mixing together finely divided carbon containing particles of different sizes, tar, and a compound containing the formaldehyde radical, pressing the mixture into blocks, and calcining the blocks at a temperature above the decomposition point of the condensation products present.
7. A process of making electrodes, comprising mixing carbon, tar, and a compound containing the formaldehyde radical, heating the mixture sufiieiently'to drive ofl the volatile matter, pressing the mixture into blocks, and calcining the blocks at a temperature above the decomposition point of thecondensation products present.
8. A process of making electrodes, comprising mixing together carbon, tar, and a compound containing the formaldehyde point of the condensation products present.
9. A process of makin electrodes, comprising mixing together nely divided carbon about 6L%, tar about 33%, and formaldehyde derivative about 3%, heating the mixture to a temperature not exceeding 450 F. to drive Oil the volatile matter, grinding f the-resulting mass to a powder, pressing the powder into blocks, and calcining the blocks at a temperature above the decomposition point ofthe condensation products present.
JORGEN ERNs'r THOMSEN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14620417A US1243009A (en) | 1917-02-02 | 1917-02-02 | Electrode and process of making the same. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14620417A US1243009A (en) | 1917-02-02 | 1917-02-02 | Electrode and process of making the same. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1243009A true US1243009A (en) | 1917-10-16 |
Family
ID=3310806
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14620417A Expired - Lifetime US1243009A (en) | 1917-02-02 | 1917-02-02 | Electrode and process of making the same. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1243009A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2527595A (en) * | 1946-03-29 | 1950-10-31 | Great Lakes Carbon Corp | Carbon body and method of making |
| US2640787A (en) * | 1947-10-15 | 1953-06-02 | C D Patents Ltd | Manufacture of carbonaceous molding compositions |
| US3284371A (en) * | 1964-01-14 | 1966-11-08 | Stackpole Carbon Co | Electrographitic brush |
-
1917
- 1917-02-02 US US14620417A patent/US1243009A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2527595A (en) * | 1946-03-29 | 1950-10-31 | Great Lakes Carbon Corp | Carbon body and method of making |
| US2640787A (en) * | 1947-10-15 | 1953-06-02 | C D Patents Ltd | Manufacture of carbonaceous molding compositions |
| US3284371A (en) * | 1964-01-14 | 1966-11-08 | Stackpole Carbon Co | Electrographitic brush |
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