US1241691A - Hydraulic press. - Google Patents

Description

B. C. WHITE.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED 1uLY13. 191s.

1,241,691 Patented Oct. 2,1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

B. C. WHITE.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY13,1915.

1,241,691 Patent-ed Oct. 2, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEETV 2.

INV NTOR.

B. C. WHITE.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I3, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FIG..5.

INVEN-roR. @ma C'. M

B. C. WHITE.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION r|LEn1uLY13,19x5.

1,241,691. Patented oct. 2, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTOR.

ATT'Ys4 B. C. WHITE.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPucATloN FILED JULY 13, |915.

Patented Oct. 2, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5 .GIU-L UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BRUCE C. WHITE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO R HOE AND C0., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 2, 1917.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, BRUCE C. WHITE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, county of New York, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Presses, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates particularly to hydraulic presses of that type in which the pressure fluid is forced into the press by pumps, and in which a plurality of plungers of diii'erent sizes are used successively, one for low pressure and high speed in the iirst pressing movement, and the other for high pressure and low speed in the latter part of the pressing movement.

The special object of the invention is to provide a simple, efiicient and durable construction of such apparatus, in which the change from low to high pressure is made automatically, and in which convenient means are provided for holding the plunger under pressure and relieving the pressure for the return of the plunger.

In addition to means for securing the above general results, the invention includes various features of construction and combinations of parts, as fully described hereafter and specifically pointed out in the claims.

For a full understanding of the invention, a detailed description of a construction embodying the same will now be given in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, which illustrate one of the preferred embodiments of the invention.

In the drawings- Figure 1 is a sectional elevatlon of the apparatus, the section being taken centrally through the press plunger;

Fig. 2 is a sectional plan, with the press lunger removed and the pump driving puley partly broken away to show the clutch;

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan through the pump case or reservoir, on the line 3--3 of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a cross section on the line 4--4 of Fi 3 Fig is a section on the line 5-5 of Figs.

3 and 4;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Figs.

3and5;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail section of the automatic control valve and ports shown in Figs. 5 and 6;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged plan of the crossheads and connections, and

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

eferring to the drawings, A is the hydraulic chamber or cylinder in which moves the main press plunger B, and C the small cylinder in which moves the low pressure plunger D connected to the bottom of the main or high pressure plunger B. E is a fixed abutment coacting with main press plunger B. Cylinders A, C are supplied with oil or other suitable liquid through, respectively, pipes 10. 11, through which `the liquid is forced from pump case and resem voir F by pumps, hereafter described. An air tap 12, for drawing ofi any air that may collect above the liquid in cylinder A is preferably provided, and a sealing groove 13 in plunger B preferably used, to seal cylinder A against t-he entrance of air past the plunger, this sealing groove 13 being supplied with sealing liquid by pipe 14 connecting with liquid tank 15, supplied in any manner, and provided with overflow pipe 16 for overflow to the pump case or reservoir F.

Referring now to the liquid supply apparatus within the reservoir F, there are provided one or more pumps, preferably a plurality, and three being shown, these pumps being driven from eccentric shaft 17 which is driven by gears 18, 19 from power shaft 20, shown as driven by pulley 21 through clutch 22, the movable clutch member being carried by a sleeve 23 and moved for clutching and unclutching shaft 20 by a cam sleeve 24 having cam groove 1, as shown clearly in Figs. 2 and 3, cam sleeve 24 being carried by shaft 25 which extends through the pump case F and is operated by hand lever 26 outside of the opposite end of the pump case, this shaft 25 acting also to control pressure valves, dep turn therein. The bottom and top cross-head guides 30 are formed respectively on a bottom plate 32 mounted in the case in a suitable manner, and on acover 33 removable from plate 32 and shown as bolted to the latter, so that the cross-heads and forked ends of the eccentric rods are readily acces sible and removable by taking oiil the cover 33 carrying the top cross-head guides 30. 1t will he seen also that eachof the forked eccentric rods with its cross-head 29 and pin 3l forms a complete unit, and that the outer ends of the eccentric rods bear against and form side bearings for each other, with the two outside eccentric rods bearing against the inner side of cover 33, so that no intermediate fixed side bearings between the eccentrics are required, and a very compact and etticient construction thus secured.

Each of the cross-heads 29 forms the head `or stem of a single-acting pump plunger a moving in small cylinder connected with pulsation chamber c having a suction port connecting with the reservoir inside case F and controlled by suction valve cl, and ay discharge port connecting with discharge chamber e and controlled by discharge valve f. The valves d, f are shown as being formed with spiral wings for the purpose of slightly rotating the valves by the liquid flow for greater durability, as common in pump constructions, but it will be understood that this is not essential. The discharge chambers e of the three pumps are connected by passages g, and the end pump is connected by passage 7L to chamber z', having a port connected with the reservoir and normally closed by inwardly opening valve 7c, and from this chamber z' the liquid pumped passes through a port controlled by a valve kZ to a chamber m with which low pressure pipe l1 connects. Chamber m also has a discharge port controlled by valve n, spring pressed by spring 2, preferably made adjustable as to pressure by screw abutment 3, as shown, this valve, when open, permitting the passage of liquid from chamber m to chamber 0 connected by passage j? to chamber Q connected with 'high pressure pipe 10. This chamber q has at the bottom a port connecting with the reservoir inside case F and controlled by inwardly opening valve r,

.and a safety discharge port 4 controlled by safety valve 5, on which bears lever 34 carrying adjustable weight 35 determining the pressure ati. which valve 5 will be raised to blow ofi' liquid through port 4. Shaft 25 carries a cam 36 arranged to rock lever 34 when shaft 25 is rotated by hand, by Contact of the cam with a bowl 6 on the lever. On further movement of the shaft 25 cam 36 engages bowl 6 on the upper portion of slide 37 to raise the latter, and by engagement of shoulders or arms 38 at the bottom of the slide with stems 7 on valves 7c, r, to raise these valves for the passage of liquid from tln` chambers controlled thereby to the reservoir, valve c carrying at its top a stud 8 which engages and lifts valve Z, thus permitting liquid to flow back to the reservoir through low pressure pipe. 11, so that by lnus raising valve stems 7, liquid is permitted to flow back to the reservoir from both the low pressure and high pressure cylinders A, C.

All the pump lzhambers, ports and passages are preferably formed in a solid block of metal by boring therethrough, as shown, the ends of the passages bored being stopped by suitable plugs. This is the preferred construction for high pressure, as usual in pumps, and it will be understood is not essential to the invention.

1 The operation of the construction is as folows:

Assuming that the parts are in the posi tions shown in the drawings, with lever 2 thrown over from the position shown in Fig. 2, to that shown in Fig. 3, so as to clutch shaft 20 to pulley 2l for driving the pumps, the pump plunger (t first .forces liquid through passages g, h and past valve Z into low pressure pipe 11 and below the small or low pressure press plunger D, valve /c being closed b v the pressure in chamber 1I and valve n being closed by the pressure of spring 2. Plungers D, B are then raised by the pressure in cylinder C against the small plunger D, oil from the reservoir passing upward through valve 1 into chamber (j and through pipe 10 to keep cylinder A full below press plunger B, vacuum in cylinder A being thus avoided. This operation of the press by small plunger D continues until the pressure is suflicient to open valve n against the adjusted pressure of spring 2, when the liquid passes also from chamber m into chamber 0 and through passage p and chamber g into high pressure 'pipe l0 and into cylinder A below high pressure plunger B, the press plunger then being forced up by pressure over its entire plunger surface as liquid passes to both cylinders A, C through pipes 10, 11. When the limit of pressure for which the weight 35 is adjusted is reached, valve 5 is raised against this weight, and the further increase of Ipressure is prevented by the blowing off of the liquid through port 4. into the reservoir.

When the pressing operation is completed, or at any other point where it is desired to hold the pressure fixed and the plunger stationary, lever 26 is moved from the position l shown in Fig. 3 toward that shown in Fig. 2, thus releasing clutch 22 and stopping the pumps. The pressure and plungers are then maintained stationary as long as this position of the parts continues.

When the plungers are to be lowered, le-

ver 2G is moved over farther, so as to move 130 cam 36 to engage bowl (l on lever 34 and rock the lever to raise weight 35 and thus permit relief valve 5 to be opened and relieve the pressure in the system, and then the cam 3G on its further movement engages bowl (3 and raises slide 3T which, through arms 3S engaging stems 7 on valves r, /c moves these valves upward, and through projection 8 on valve Zt' also raises valve Z, thus opening' both pipes 10, l1 to the reservoir and permitting the return of the liquid from cylinders A, C to the reservoir and the descent of the plungers B, D, the speed of this descent being controlled by the flow tln-ough valves r, c, which in turn are controlled by the position oi' cam 3U operated by hand lcvcr 2G. On the full return of' the press plungers, lcver 2G is moved back to move the cam it' info position to release slide 3T and lever IH and permit them to return toward the position shown in Fig. permitting valves r, Z', to close for the nextI operation of" the press, as above described. when the lever is thrown over to engage clutch Q2.

lt will be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the construction and arrangement of parts shown, but that many modifications may be made while still retaining the invention defined by the claims.

lVhat I claim is:-

1.1n a hydraulic press apparatus, the combination with low pressure and high pressure plungers, of pumping mechanism acting to force fluid against the low pressure plunger, a connection from the force passage of' the pumping mechanism if'or delivering fluid against the high pressure plunger. a valve normally closing said connection and opened by the pressure of the fluid pumped to supply fluid to the high pressure plunger through said connection when the pressure reaches a certain point, a pressureoperated relief valve :for the system, and mannafly-operated means for stopping the pumping mechanism and opening the reliei valve to relieve the pressure in the system.

Q. In a hydraulic press apparatus, the combination with low pressure and high pressure plungers, of pumping mechanism acting to 'force fluid against the low pressure plunger, a connection from the force passage of the, pumping mechanism for de livering fluid against the high pressure plunger` a valve normally closing said connection and opened by the pressure of the fluid pumped to supply fluid to the vhigh pressure piunger through said connection when the pressure reaches a certain point, normally closed return valves on the force passage of the pumping mechanism and on the connection for the high pressure plunger, a pressuie-operated relief valve on the system, devices for opening said return valves on the force passage and high pressure plunger connection to pciinit the escape ofthe fluid tor the return of the plungcrs, and a single manilally-opcrated men1- bei' acting to stop the pumping mechanism and open the relief valve to relieve the pressure in the system, and to operate said dcvices Vfor the return of the plungcrs.

I-. ln a hydraulic press apparatusl the i'fonlbination with thc main plunger and its cylinder` of a small plunger carried b v the main plunger', pressure fluid apparatusl for supplying pressure fluid against the small plunger at the beginning of the plunger stroke and to the main plunger at a later point in the stroke, and an air connection t'or withdrawing air from the main plunger cylinder.

4. ln a h vdraulic press apparatus, the combination with the main plunger and its cylinder, of' a small plunger carried by the main plunger. pressure fluid apparatus for supplying pressure fluid against the small plunger at the beginning ot' the plunger stroke and to the main plunger at a later point in the stroke, an air connection for witlnlrawing air from the main plunger cylinder, and a liquid air seal between the main plunger and its cylinder wall.

The combination with the pump plunger n. and its c vlinder Z1 and means for actie ating said plunger, of force valve Z, low pressure connection l1 beyond the force valve, pressi1re-opcratcd valve n, high pressure connection l() controlled by valve 72, l'elease valvi` in line with valve Z, release valve y1' on the, high pressure connection, manual ly-operatcd devices t'or opening valves Z', r to permit the escape of fluid, and an extension on valve Z: engaging valve Z to open the latter on the opening movement of valve Zt'. driving mechanism for said pump, and manually-controlled shaft 25 operating to throw the driving mechanism out of opera tion to stop the pump and carrying cam 3G for operating the devices to open valves ZJ, 7'.

6. The combimition with the pump plunger (t and its cylinder Z) and means for actuating said plunger, of force valve Z, delivery connection .11 beyond the force valve, release 'alve Z.' in line with valve Z, manuallyoperated devices for opening valve Z; to permit the escape of fluid, an extension on valve engaging valve Z to open the latter on the opening movement of valve Zt, and manually-controlled shaft Q5 operating to throw the driving mechanism out of operation to stop the pump and carrying cam 3G for operating the devices to open valves Za, Z.

7. The combination with a hydraulic press plunger and pumping mechanism therefor, of a return valve, a pressure-oln-rated relief valve, a manually-controlled member and connections for throwing the pumping mechanism out of operation to stop the snpply of Huid, cam 36 carried by said member and devices operated by said cam for relieving the closing pressure on the relief valve and for opening said return valve for the return of the plunger.

8. The combination with a hydraulic press plungeraml pumping mechanism therefor, of a return valve, a pressure operated relief valve and a manually controlled member and connections for throwing the pumping mechanism into and out of operation, cam 36 carried by said member, and devices through Which the cam operates to first relieve the closing pressure on the relief valve and then open said return valve for the return of the plunger on further movement of the member after throwing the pumping mechanism out .of operation, and first secures the closing of the return valve, then restores the closing pressure on the relief valve, and then throws the pumping mechanism into operation on the return movement of the manually operated member.

9. The combination with large and small hydraulic press plungers and pumping mechanism therefor and a by-pass valve controlled by the pressure to apply the presn sure first to the small plunger and then to the large plunger, of a return valve, a pressure operated relief valve and av manually controlled member and connections for throwing the pumping mechanism into and out of operation, cam 36 carried by said. member, and devices through which the cam operates to first relieve the closing pressure on the relief valve and then open said return valve vfor the return of the plunger on further movement of the member after throwing the pumping mechanism out o-f operation, and first secures the closing of the return valve, then restores the closing pressure on the relief valve, and then throws the pumping mechanism into operation on the return movement of the manually operated member.

l0. .The combination 'with large and small hydraulic press plungers and pumping mechanism therefor, by-pass valve n controlled by the pressure to apply the pressure irst to the small plunger and then to the large plunger, force valve Z, return valves is, r, and relief valve 5, of hand lever 26 and connections for stopping and starting the pumping mechanism, cam 36 operated by said lever, and connections by which the movement of the lever in one direction successively stops the pumping mechanism, relieves the closing pressure on the relief valve, opens the return valves 7c. 1*, valve Z and by-pass valve 11, and ,on the movement of the lever in the opposite directionsuccessively secures the closing of valves 1f f5, A, r, then restores the closing pressure. on the relief valve, and then starts the pumping mechanism.

ln testimony Whereoi, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. v

BRUCE (l. TETTE lVitnesses:

CnAs. F. TRoT'rnn, CHARLES HELD.

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