US1241515A - Arc-lamp. - Google Patents

Description

A. HUTTAR.

ARC LAMP. 7 APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. 1911.

Patented Oct. 2, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Fig.2.

A. HUTTAR.

ARC [AME APPLICATION r1150 JULY 24.1911.

Patented Oct. 2, 1917.

. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- INVENTQR WITNESSES:

ATITORNEY A. HUTTAR.

ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION mu) JULY 24. 1911.

- Patented Oct. 2, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 INVENTOR ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED HUTTAR, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

ABC-LAMP.

Application filed July 24, 1911.

1 0 all whom. it may concern.

Be it known that I, ALFRED HUTTAR, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-l-liingary, and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Arc-Lamps, of which the following a specification.

My invention relates to are lamps, and it has special reference to lamps of the socalled regenerative type having inclosed flaming arcs.

One object of my invention is to simplify and improve the construction and operation of devices of the above-indicated character and to provide such a device that shall be compact, durable and inexpensive in construction and efficient in operation and present a neat and pleasing appearance.

Another object of my invention is to provide adequate means for producing a continuous and liberal circulation of the vapors and gases given off from the are by the combustion of the electrodes, in order that the smoke "and other useless products of combustion shall be removed from the source of light.

In connection with the circulating system, I provide a condensing chamber having a large cooling surface in order to promote the circulation and condense the hot vapors and gases and cause their deposition therein, thereby preventing such collection and accumulation of soot and residue in the transparent globe which surrounds the are as would prevent a proper distribution of light.

Another object of my invention is to so construct the lamp that the outer casing which embodies the cooling or condensing chamber hereinbefore mentioned, may be readily removed and cleaned, thereby rendering the electrodes readily accessible for trimming and renewal.

According to my invention, I provide an electric flaming arc lamp of the regenerative type, having either inclined or vertically disposed electrodes and comprising essentially an arc-inclosing economizer or combustion chamber having circumferentially disposed openings therein, a draft chamber located above it, suitable means communicating between said chambers and a substantially cylindrical removable casing enveloping said parts, the walls thereof be Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 2, 1917.

Serial No. 640,172.

ing spaced apart to provide a condensing or cooling chamber communicating between the draft chamber and the openings in the combustion chamber.

Moreover, the said cooling chamber embodied in the removable casing is sufficiently removed from the source of heat and embodies ample cooling surface to effectively perform its intended function.

In the preferred form of my invention, I employ inclined electrodes and a suitable blow-magnet to maintain and steady the arc in a definite position, so that Ithereby combine a steady source of light and an even and unobstructed distribution thereof with the advantageous features of the regenerative fiaming are.

In some cases, it may be found desirable to adapt my invention to are lamps having vertically disposed electrodes which may be readily accomplished, as will be hereinafter set forth.

In this modification of my invention, it is, of course, necessary to sacrifice the steady light and even distribution hereinbefore mentioned. However, the construction of the lamp is such that very satisfactory and efficient operation may be secured, at the same time embodying ready means for cleaning and replacement of electrodes.

It is manifest that many and various structural devices may be made which will embody the principle of my invention and will secure the advantages thereof to a greater or less extent and, without attempting to illustrate all of the various forms, I will describe two typical embodiments thereof, it being understood that my invention, broadly considered, is not limited to the specific structures set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view, partially in section and partially in side elevation, of a portion of an arc lamp constructed in accordance with my in vention, Fig. 2 is a similar view taken at right angles to that shown in Fig. 1, Fig. is a View similar to Fig. 1, of a modified form of my invention, and Fig. i isa view similar to Fig. 2 of the device shown in Fig. 3.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2 in detail, the are lamp shown comprises an upper casting 1 embodying a draft chamber 2, a lower casting 3 embodying an economizer or combustion chamber 4, a pair of inclined electrodes 5, magnetic means 6 for maintaining the arc in a definite position, a centrally disposed funnel 7 communicating between the chambers 2 and 1 for conducting away the products of combustion, and a removable outer casing 8 embodying a sub stantially tubular cooling chamber or passage 9 communicating between the draft chamber 2 and the combustion chamber 4.

The upper casting 1 comprises an upper plate 10 and alower plate 11 which are connected together by means of a plurality of webs 12, in such manner as to provide the recess or draft chamber 2. 'Above the casting 1 is mounted the feeding mechanism (not shown) for operating the electrodes, while the electrodes 5, the lower casting 8 and the removable casing S are suspended below it. Except for the webs 12, the draft chamber 2 is open circumferentially and communicates with the chamber or passage 9 in the outer casing 8 in a manner to be hereinafter set forth, while an opening 13 in the lower plate 11 provides communication with the upper end of the frusto-conical funnel 7. The outer edges of the upper and lower plates 10 and 11 are respectively provided with downwardly projecting flanges 11 and 15, the inner sides of said flanges being inclined slightly to the vertical and provided with suitable packing rings 16 for the purpose of effecting air tight joints with annular engaging portions 17 and 18 of the outer casing 8.

The lower casting 3, which embodies the combustion chamber 1, is suspended from the upper casting 1 by means of rods 6 and 19 and is provided with an outlet opening 20 and a plurality of circumferentially dis posed inlet openings 21 that are located in substantially the same plane as the extremities of the electrodes The rods 19 serve as guides for sliding blocks 22 which carry the electrodes 5, the latter projecting through insulating bushings 23 in the upper portion of the lower casting 3.

In accordance with well known practice, the electrodes 5 are automatically fed through the agency of an operating mechanism (not shown) which, in this instance, is mounted above the upper casting 1, but, inasmuch as this operating mechanism forms no part of my present invention, except as it performs a function necessary to the operation of the lamp, no description thereof is deemed necessary.

The rods 6 not only serve to support the lower casting 3 but are of magnetizable material and are provided with energizing windings 24 which are connected in circuit in a manner that is old and familiar to those skilled in the art. Through the agency of the magnetizable rods 6 and their exciting windings 24, the are formed between the extremities of the.- electrodes 5 is forced downwardly and is maintained in a definite position, so that the light therefrom is steady and an even distribution thereof is insured.

An outwardly and upwardly projecting flange 25 is provided. immediately above the series of openings 21 in the lower casting 3, and the outer edge thereof provided with a suitable packing ring 26 for the purpose of effecting a tight joint with the outer casing 8, while a somewhat similar flange 27 is provided immediately below the openings 21, the under edge thereof being provided with a. similar packing ring 26 for a like purpose. The inside of the lower portion 28 of the casting 3 is provided with threads 29 which are adapted to cooperate with similar threads in an inner globe 30 of glass or other transparent material, said globe serv ing to protect the electrodes and to exclude the air therefrom.

The outer casing 8 comprises inner and outer shells 31 and 32 that are approximately cylindrical in form and are fitted, one within the other, spaced apart to form the annular cooling chamber or passage 9 which communicates between the draft chamber 2 and the combustion chamber 4.

The outer shell 32 is secured to the upper casting 1 by means of suitable hooks 33 and is provided with an inwardly and upwardly projecting ring 17 that is adapted to fit against the packing ring 16, thereby effecting a tight joint.

The lower end of the outer shell 32 is provided with an annular member 35 having an inwardly projecting flange 36 to cooperate with the ring 26 and flange 27 of the casting 3, and with a downwardly projecting portion 37 from which may he suspended an outer globe 38 of glass or other transparent material.

The upper and lower portions of the inner shell 31 are suitably constructml to engage the flanges 15 and 25. respectively, in a manner to effect an air tight joint. A. plurality of angle pieces 39 and 40 are respectively secured to the inner shell 31 and the outer shell 32 at intervals and some. in conjunction with springs at. which are interposed between them, to resiliently support the inner shell, whereby the effectiveness of the joint between the inner shell and the cooperating portions of the upper and lower eastings is insured.

It will be noted that the casing 8 is well removed from the source of heat and embodies a. large cooling surface, so that the temperature within the passage or chamber f is always maintained very much below that of the combustion chamber whereby a liberal draft or circulation of the fui'nes and gases is insured. Furthermore, on account of the reduced temperature in the space 9, a condensation of the vapors is efi'ected and the soot and useless residue are deposited upon the cool walls thereof, thus preventing the discoloration of the globe 30 and the accumulation of solid matter therein.

f In the operation of the lamp, the smoke, vapor and other products of combustion ascend from the heated combustion chamber 4 through the opening 20 and the funnelshaped passage 7 into the draft chamber 2, from whence they are deflected downwardly through the tubular condensing or cooling chamber 9 where the solid matter and useless residue are deposited upon the cool walls.

By reason of the reduced temperature of the cooling chamber 9, in comparison with that of the combustion chamber 4, a liberal draft and circulation of the products of combustion are established, whereby the matter contained therein is carried away and deposited. In this manner, the combustion chamber 4 is freed from any smoke or foreign matter which otherwise might serve to dim the light and prevent a satisfactory and even distribution thereof.

In order to remove the accumulation of soot and residue within the cooling chamber 9, the removable casing 8 is unfastened from the hooks 33, after which said casing may be lowered as a unitary structure and may then be conveniently washed and cleaned. The electrodes 5 and other parts of the lamp are then readily accessible and may be cleaned and adjusted without difficulty.

In replacing the casing 8, it is raised in position and fastened through the agency of the hooks 33. By reason of the resilient supports comprising parts 39, and 41, hereinbefore mentioned, tight joints are insured between the inner shell 31 of said casing and the upper and lower castings 1 and 3, respectively.

Particular reference may now be had to Figs. 3 and 4, in which is illustrated a modified form of my invention, like parts being designated by the same reference numerals.

The general construction of the device here shown is essentially similar to that hereinbefore set forth and diifers therefrom only in structural details, as will be hereinafter pointed out.

The electrodes 5 are centrally located and vertically disposed, one above the other, being carried by the sliding blocks 22 which are adapted for vertical movement with respect to the supporting and guiding rods 19, through the agency of a suitable automatic feeding mechanism (not shown) which may be mounted above the upper casting 1 and which operates in any well known manner.

The lower casting 3 which embodies the arc-inelosing combustion chamber 4, is of a slightly modified structure and comprises upper and lower plates and 46 which are integrally connected by suitable webs 47 in such manner that a circumferential opening 48 is provided for communicating with the cooling chamber 9 within the outer casing 8. The upper plate 45 of the lower casting 3 is provided with a centrally disposed opening 49 through which the upper electrode 5 projects. A plurality of openings 50 are also provided in the top plate 45 and are adapted to communicate with similar open ings 51 in the lower plate 11 of the upper casting 1 by means of a plurality of tubes 52 which are located on the respective sides of the upper electrode and which serve to conduct the products of combustion from the combustion chamber 4 to the draft chamber 2.

The lower plate 46 of the lower casting 3 is provided with a large opening 53 through which the bottom electrode 5 projects and through which the light from the are is distributed. Suspended beneath the lower plate 46 are the lower supporting rods 19 which serve to guide the lower sliding block 22, as will be readily understood.

The structure of the removable casing 8 is similar to that described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 except in form and in that it is adapted to carry the inner globe 30 by means of an annular member 54 which is attached thereto.

Inasmuch as the structure and operation of this modified form of my invention is very similar to that of the preferred form thereof. which has hereinbefore been set forth in detail, it is believed that those skilled in i the art will experience no difficulty in understanding the same and, therefore, no

further description thereof will be given.

Although I have shown and described the specific structural details and the arrange ment and location of parts of my invention, it is evident that various modifications may be effected therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and I desire it to be understood that the apparatus herein shown and described. is only illustrative of lation of gases between said draft chamber and said combustion chamber.

2. In an electric arc lamp, the combina:

tion with an arc-inclosing combustion chamher, a draft chamber dlsposed above it and a centrally disposed downwardly taper-111g unobstructed conduit. betweensaid chambers, and inclined electrodes disposed outside of said conduit, of substantially concentric shells exteriorly disposed around said parts and located the one within the other to form a passage having a large cooling surface and adapted to conduct the gases from the draft chamber to the combustion chamber.

In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc -inclosing combustion chamber having side openings, a draft chamber disposed above it and an entirely hollow conduit between the respective upper and lower walls of said chambers, of a conduit enveloping said parts, spaced from said firstnamed conduit and interposed between a circumferential opening in said draft chamber and the side openings in said combustion chamber.

4. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber, a draft chamber, a centrally disposed passage between said chambers, and a double casing enveloping said parts to form a passage between said draft chamber and said combustion chamber, of a pair of inclined electrodes and magnetic means for influencing the are disposed between said central and said enveloping passages.

5. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber, a draft chamber disposed above it, and a centrally disposed conduit between said chambers, of a pair of converging electrodes arranged exteriorly of said conduit, an inner shell enveloping said parts, and an outer shell which, in. conjunction with said inner shell, forms an annular passage between said draft chamber and said combustion chamber.

6. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arcinclosing combustion chamber, a draft chamber disposed above it, and a closed conduit furnishing communication between said chambers, of a pair of converging electrodes arranged exteriorly of said conduit, an inner shell enveloping said parts, and an outer shell which, in conjunction with said inner shell, forms a closed annular passageway between said draft chamber and said combustion chamber.

7. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber, a draft chamber, and a tapering conduit between said chambers, of an exteriorly disposed inclosing conduit for the circulation of gases joining said chambers and spaced from said tapering conduit to provide a dead-air space between said tapering conduit and said inclosing conduit.

8. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber, a. draft chamber, and a conical conduit between said chambers, of an exteriorly disposed annular passage for the circulation of gasesthrough said chambers, said passage being spaced from said conical conduit to provide a dead-air space for preventing the outward radiation of heat from the gases in said conical conduit.

9. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber, a'draft chamber, a centrally disposed tapering passage between said chambers, and an exterior-1y disposed communicating passage between said chambers, of a plurality of inclined electrodes disposed between said central and said exterior passages and projecting into said combustion chamber.

10. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber, a draft chamber, a centrally disposed passage between said chambers, and a pair of converging electrodes disposed exteriorly of said passage and projecting into said combustion chamber, of a double-walled cas- .ing enveloping said parts to form a passage between said draft chamber and said combustion chamber.

11. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber, a draft chamber, a centrally disposed passage between said chambers, a pair of oppositely disposed inclined electrodes and a pair of electromagnetic arc-steadying devices disposed exteriorly of said passage, the plane of said pairs of electrodes and aresteadying devices being at substantial right angles, of a double-walled casing enveloping said parts and providing a circulating passage between said chambers.

12. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber, a draft chamber, a centrally disposed tapering conduit between said chambers, and a pair of converging electrodes disposed outside of said tapering conduit and inclined at substantially the angle of the sides of said tapering conduit, of a double-walled enveloping casing having substantially the same taper as said tapering conduit and establishing a communicating passage between said chambers.

13. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arc-inclosing combustion chamber having a top opening and a plurality of side openings, a draft chamber disposed above said combustion chamber, a centrally disposed passage between said top openin of said combustion chamber and said dra chamber, and a pair of electrodes disposed exteriorly of said central passage and projecting into said combustion chamber to substantially the plane of said side openings, of a double-walled casing surrounding said parts for providing a circulating pas- 1 sage between said draft chamber and said side openings of said combustion chamber.

14. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an arn'i-inclosing combustion chamber having atop opening and a cir- 1 0 cumferential side opening disposed intermediate the top and bottom portions of said chamber, a draft chamber disposed above said combustion chamber and having a bottom opening and a circumferential side opening, and a centrally disposed conduit connecting the top opening of said combustion chamber and the bottom opening of said draft chamber, of a double-walled casing surrounding said central conduit and spaced therefrom for connecting the circumferential side opening of said combustion chamberand the side opening of said draft chamber.

15. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an upper draft chamber having bottom and side openings, a lower combustion chamber having top and side openings and a plurality of annular lateral flanges disposed above and below said side openings, and a central conduit connecting said bottom and said top openings, of an exteriorly disposed double-walled casing cooperating with said annular flanges and connecting the side openings of said draft chamber and the side openings of said combustion chamber.

16. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an upper draft chamber, a lower combustion chamber, a conduit connecting said chambers, and electrodes projecting to substantially the middle of said combustion chamber, of an enveloping hollow casing cooperatin with said chambers for conducting gases rom said draft chamber and delivering them laterally into said combustion chamber in substantially the plane of the ends of said electrodes.

17. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with a draft chamber comprising upper and lower spaced members, the lower member having an opening therein, a combustion chamber comprising upper and lower longitudinally spaced inclosing members, the upper member having an opening therein, and a conduit connecting the openings of said chambers, of an inclosing hollow casing connecting the spaces between the respective members of said draft chamber and said combustion chamber.

18. In an electric arc lamp, the combination with an upper draft chamber having side openings and a plurality of spaced downwardly inclined annular surfaces, and a lower combustion chamber having side openings and a plurality of spaced upwardly inclined annular surfaces, of a double-- walled inclosing casing having the upper and lower edges thereof disposed to engage the inclined surfaces of said draft chamber and said combustion chamber to effect tight joints and to provide a connecting passage between the side openings of said draft chamber and the side openings of said combustion chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this lath day of July,

ALFRED I-IUTTAR. Witnesses:

C. AALBARY, B. B. HINES.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

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