US1240505A - Lighting-fixture. - Google Patents

Description

E. M. SMITH.

LIGHTING FIXTURE. APPLICATJON HLED 1AMx 18. 1911.

1 ,240, 505 Patented Sept. 18, 1917. :1 v

Inventor ra er-ante @FFTKGE.

TQ'JE'-*'GNID ld. SIMZTH, Gil NEJV YQBK, N. ASSIGNGR 3F (ENE-HALF T LEOIPOLD PLAUT AND ONE-HALF T0 HERMAN PLAUT, 36TH OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LIGHTING-FIXTURE.

Specification of Letters Eatent. Pmggmfggfi Sgpfi], 13, 191

Application filed January 18. 1917. Serial 3.? 0. H3818.

To Z5 whom it may concern:

be it known that i, Esiuono M. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, resident of the city,- -county, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Lightingillumination in which the light or a portion thereof is cast upon the ceiling whence it is reflected halatlons or areas of high illumination or shadows of intervening objects are cast upon the ceiling and render such illumination uneyen and unsightly.

The ob] ects' of my lllYGDlllOIl are =Firstz, to Clifiuse the illumination and to avoid halation and c2 :ting of shadows. 7

Second: to improve the facilities for clean-- ing the fixture. b Third: to render the lamp more accessi- Fourth: to reduce the-cost and improve the appearance of the finished structure.

These and further-objects will more fully appear from the following specification and accompanying drawings considered together or separately Tn the'drawings Figure 'l' is a side elevation of a shade embodying my invention, showing the same in connection with an artificial ceiling.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the shade.

Fig. 3 is a sectional View thereof, taken on the line 3, 3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4. is a side View of a modification and Fig. 5 is a side View of another modlfication.

In all of the views like parts are designoted by the same reference characters.

Referring to the drawings, in the embodiment chosen for illustration, the improved shade 1 includes a bowl or globe 2, which is adapted to surround and lnclose the lamp 3. The lamp is supported by means of my suitable device, such as a stem or socket a, in proper position wlthln the bowl. The bowl is provided with a neck 5, which surrounds the base of the lamp or the stem or socket as depends upon thecharactor of the structure. The lamp support is adjustable for the purpose of positioning the lamp and the center of illumination relatively to the neck and bowl for a purpose to be hereinafter described. The neck is provided with a rim 6, by means of which it may be supported. The illustration shows.

that it is supported from a collar 7 by means of the screws 8. In connection with the collar is shown an artificial ceiling 9, but he same 1s not necessary where the device 1s supported in proper relation to a ceiling 9 (see Fig. 4) which will properly reflect the light cast upward to it in the manner hereinafter described. The neck and bowl are connected by a top 10.

My improved shade comprising a bowl, neck and top is preferably made of a single piece of transparent or crystal glass. The lower end of the neck is on a plane below the upper edge of the bowl. The bowl and the neck may be made of semi-transparent reflecting-.difiusing character, preferably by,

being coated with a suitable enamel or other substance, which will give them a translucent efiect. This will allow direct passage, through the neck and bowl, of the rays of light from the lamp but such rays will become much diffused. This coating is preferably sprayed on the outsides 0f the bowl and neck. The structure is then baked in the usual enameling oven so that the enameled surface becomes part'of the glass The coating on the bowl is indicated by 11 and upon the neck by the character 12. The coating 11 should preferably extend to the upper edge of the bowl as at a and the coating 12 on the neck extends downward below the same horizontal plane to the point indicated by b. The top 10 from the point a to the point I) is transparent, hence the light reflected from the surfaces '11 and 12 will pass through this transparent portion hereinbefore described, and such light will be. I

reflected downwardly from the ceiling. The

inner surfaces of the neck and bowl are of a reflecting-diffusing character so that rays of light reflected from such surfaces. will be scattered or diffused and will issue from the shade through the transparent top 10 in .such a manner that there will be 'no' halation,

- shadows will be eliminated, and the illumination on the ceiling and that reflected there. from will be uniform. The reflecting inner surfaces of the neck and bowLai-e made diffusing by forming them of ribs or corruga- 1 'tions, by sand blasting, "acid etching, or by any other means.

1 While the inner surface ofthe neck may be of diffusing character this is not necessary for the reason that all light reflected from V that surface must be re-reflected and diffused The neck 5 should be of suflicient size to permitpassage of the lamp so that the shade maybe removed when desired and the lamp j thereby reached,

There belng no open portions of the shade l permitting the admission of dirt or dust,

the same need be cleaned on the outside only The device is very cheap of manufacture, is

not likely to get out of order and is extremely pleasing in appearance.

If desired the device maybe constructed of avbowl' or globe 2 composed of so-called opal glass-or other translucent material, a neck 5 of similar material, and a top 10 of transparent glass.

ing or in any other desired manner. I a As shown in Fig. 5 the neck 5' may be of a length just sufficienttopermit of its attach ment to its supporting means, and may be so short that its upper edgewill come below the level of the rim of the bowl 2. In this situation the neck is rendered translucent or opaque, as the case may be to the same point as'that shown'in Fig. 3.

Instead of being semi-transparent or translucent the bowl 2 and neck- 5 may be coated with an opaque substanceand'the fixture used for indirect lighting. When so used I refer to silver the outer surface of the bow and neck and then coat the silver with paint, bronze or other suitable. ma-

terial. The outer surfaces of the bowl and neck may be highly reflective, The light reflected from the inner surfaces of the bowl.

' and neck will be diffused by the roughened sl'i'rfaces. All of the light issuing from the bowl through the transparent top will bev diffused and reflected from the interior surface of the bowl. Some of such light will be ire-reflected from the outer surface of the neck. The greater portion of the light will be reflected fromthe ceiling and again reflected from surrounding objects to the exterioi surface of the bowl whence it will be again reflected. 1

If desir'edthe bowl may beopaque and the neck translucent, or. the neck may be opaque andthe bowl translucent, but in all cases' the top 10 istransparent;

" The center; of illumination is*-so 'positinned 'rQ etiveIy to" the lower:- edge of the ters Patent, is: I The parts may be se-' cured together by cementing, welding, fusopaque or, translucent portion of. m 11ml;

that any direct rays of light passing below such lower edge will be intercepted by the opaque or translucent part of the bowl and nation than ,the bowl it-may be desirable,

when the parts are translucent, to make the neck of a greater density than the bowl so that both parts will have the same appearance when illuminated. a In accordance with the provisions of the ciple of my invention, togetherwith the apparatus which I now consider tojrepresent thebest embodiment thereof, but Idesire tohave it understood that, the apparatus shown is merely illustrative, and that the:

invention may be carried out in other ways. Having now described myinvention what I claim as newa'nd desire to secure by I '1. A lightin fixture comprising a shade for an electric amp; said shade comprising a bowl, a neck open at the top for the innervpatent statutes I have described the prim tion of the lamp, said neck being of lwdiameter than the bowl,.a top connecting the bowl and neck, said shade being cemposcd of a single piece of transparent, glass; the interior surfaces of the neck and bowl being so treated as to render them dilfusive; the exterior surfaces of the-neck. and bowlbeing coated with a material to render the neck and bowl non-transparent and to render the highly reflective.

2. A lighting fixture comprising a shade foran electric lamp, having a bowl adapt- .ed to 'inclose the lamp, a neck adapted to support the'bowl, and a top connecting the upper edge of the bowl with the'neck, the

lower end of said neck being on a plane be- 1 interior surfaces iofflthe neck and "bowl 5 low the upper edge of said bowl, said shade being made of a singlepiece of transparentv j glass, the interior, surfaces of said howland said neckbeing highly reflective and difinsive, the exterior surfaces of, said bowi and neck being coated to make the same nontransparent, there bein a surfaeeopposed. to the'top to receive lig -t reflected from. "the bowl, the lamp being so situated relatiaeiy" to the loweredge of the neck and the upper edge' of the bowl that no direct rays whl fall on the surface. g 3."A lighting fixture comprising a shade for an electric lamp, having bowl and a neck adapted to inclose the an? and a top connecting the upper edge of the bowl and lower edge of the neck, said shade being made of a s ngle piece of transparent glass, theexteriors of said bowl and neck being treated to render them non-transparent,- the lower edge of the neck being so situated relatively to the 5 upper edge of the bowl that direct rays of light, -fromthe lamp will be prevented from passing "through the transparent top,

' the neckbeing so situated that all the light reflected from, its interior surface will be 10 directed into the bowl andbeing positioned relatively to the concave surface of the bowl that diffused light from such surface will be reflected to the exterior of the neck,

there being a surface opposed tothe transparent top to receive diffused light reflected 15 I from the interior of the bowl, the exteriors of the neck and bowl being hwhly reflective so as to re-refiect thelight refl ected to them by surrounding objects.

This specification signed and witnessed 20 this twelfth day of January, 1917.

ESMOND M. SMITH.

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