US1235712A - Electrotherapeutic mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

W. MEYER. ELECTROTHERAPEUTIC MECHANISM.

APPLECATION FILED MAY 8. 1915.

Patented Aug. 7/, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W. MEYER. ELTECTROTHER'AFEUTIC MECHANJSM.

APPLICATION FILED MAYB. i915.

Patented Aug. 2", 1917:

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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ELECTROIHERAPEUTIC MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. e915.

1,235,71 2. Patented Aug. 1911:

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PULRRITY WILLIAM MEYER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ELECTROTHEBAIPEUTIC MECHANISM.

Specificatign of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. '7, 1917.

Application filed May 8, 1915. Serial No. 26,708.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MEYER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electrotherapeutic Mechanism, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,

1 forming a part of this specification.

My invention provides in compact and attractive form the apparatus necessary for generating and rectifying current for X-rays and similar purposes. The major part of the apparatus is contained in a neat cabinet and the terminals and switches and other operable or adjustable parts of the apparatus are mounted on the outside of the cabinet. The invention also provides improved mechanism for obtaining high-tension direct current for X-ray and similar purposes.

The invention further provides an improved circuit arrangement and provides means for insuring that the discharge through the X-ray tube, or similar piece of apparatus, will be in the proper direction.

Numerous other improvements will be apparent from the following specification and claims.

In the drawings which form a part of the present specification,

Figure l is a rear elevation, with parts broken away, of the cabinet containing the generating and rectifying mechanism;

Fig. 2 1s a fragmentary sectional view of one of the brushes shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a similar detail view showing the mounting of the brushes in the glass plate;

Fig. 4 1s a cross-sectional view of the commutating disk for commutating a high-tension current;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the commutator which is connected to the opposite end of the motor shaft;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the mechanism shown in Fig. l; v

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary detail view showing the manner in which the said plate of the motor is mounted;

Fig. 8 'is a circuit diagram showing the manner in which the various pieces of apparatus are connected together, and

Fig. 9 is a diagram indicating the operation of the commutating disk.

5 The mechanism is preferably contained in a casing or cabinet 1 having swinging doors 2 and 3 in the rear thereof, shown as swung open in the dotted line in Fig. 6. On the inside of the'casing are mounted the frame members 4 and 5 for supporting as by means of the posts 6 and 7, the glass plate 8 upon which are mounted the commutating brushes 9, 10, 11 and 12, the pair 9, 12, being connected by the cables 13 and 14 to the terminal posts 15 and 16 which are mounted upon the casing of'the transformer 17 and are connected to the secondary winding thereof. Each one of the brushes comprises a thread ed bolt portion 18 which is secured by means of suitable insulating washers 19 as of soft rubber and the nuts 20 and 21 to the glass plate 8. A knob 22 is formed on the outer end of the bolt portion and a threaded stud 23 is screwed into an opening in the knob 22 and held therein by a set-nut 24:. The outer end of the stud 23 is provided with a recess into which are set the wire bristles 25 which form a suitable brush for cooperating with the commutator segments 26 and 27 secured to the commutator disk 28. go

The commutator disk 28 consists of a circular piece of insulating material, preferably micanite, or other material having a considerable strength in tension in order to withstand the centrifugal action when ro- 35 tated at high speed. The segments 26 and 27 are fastened to the rim of the disk as by means of the rivets 29 and the disk is secured to the flanged coupling 30 which is mounted upon the inner end of the shaft 31 of the motor 32. The motor 32 is mounted upon a bed or base plate 33 which may be of marble, slate or the like, supported upon the frame members 84:: by means of the yielding washers 35 which are held in place by means of the screws 36 passing through holes in the bed plate 33 and into the frame members 3a, It will be noted that the screws 36 do not clamp the bed plate 33 to the frame members 34: as the same are not drawn down against the bed plate but they serve merely to prevent the same from being jarred or otherwise moved out of lane. The screws 36 are surrounded by rub er tubes 37 to minimize vibrations which might occur during the operation of the motor. It will be noted that this form of mounting prevents to a very great extent the transmissionbf any vibrations from the motor to the frame of the cabinet. At the same time the bed plate of the no motor is held against displacement so that the commutating disk and the brushes will always be in alinement.

The adjustable spark terminals 38 and 39 which are mounted upon the slab of insulating material 40 on top of the cabinet 1 are connected respectively by means of insulated cables to the brushes l0 and 11.

An insulating shield shown in the present case as a plate of glass 41 is mounted by means of the brackets 42 between the motor 32 and the disk 28. The opposite end of the motor shaft 31 bears a pair of commutating segments 43 and 44 insulated from each other by means of a ring of insulation mounted upon the shaft 31. A bracket 45 mounted upon the end-bearing of the motor 32 carries the brush holders 46 in which are mounted four brushes 47, 48, 49 and 50 which are insulated from each other. The brushes 49 and 50 bear upon the outer cylindrical portions of the commutator segments 44 and 43 respectively, and the brushes 47 and 48 bear upon the semi-circular or split portion of the commutator segments. The brushes 47 and 48 are connected to the binding posts 47, 48 to the polarity indicator 51 which is mounted on the side of the cabinet, shown diagrammatically in Fig. 8. The brushes 49 and 50 are connected through the binding posts 49' and 50' to the AC mains 52. A lamp 53 which serves both as a signal and as a current limiting device is connected in series with the commutator and the polarity indicator.

On the outside of the cabinet, as shown in Fig. 1, are mounted the switches 54, 55 and 56. The switch 54 controls the starting of the motor; the switch 55 controls the connection of the primary of the transformer 17 and the switch 56 is in series with the primary of the transformer and serves to reverse the alternating current passing through the transformer. A rheostat 57 is mounted on the outside of the casing 1 and serves to control the intensity of the discharge.

In Fig. 8 I have shown diagrammatmally the connection of the various pieces of apparatus. The alternating current mains 52 are connected to a suitable source of alternating currents (not shown) and branch circuits are led to the primary of the transformer 17 to the motor 32 and to the commutator 58. A switch 59 which is mechanically interlocked with the switch 54 controls the connection of the commutator 58 with the mains 52. The switch 54 must be closed before the switch 59 can be closed and opening of the switch 54 causes opening of the switch 59 at the same time. This prevents the polarity indicator being subjected to the eflect of the alternating current, and also prevents current being left on the polarity indicator after the motor has stopped. I have shown mascara the X-ray tube "50 as connected to the highpotential terminals 38 and 39, this tube being always connected to the terminals in the same manner and the polarity being corrected, if necessary, by means of the polechanging switch 56 in the primary circuit of the transformer 17. When it is desired to have the tube 60 excited only for a definite period of time, in order to secure a certain desired elfect, a time switch 61 is employed in the primary circuit of the transformer 17. The operation of the mechanism is as follows:

The operator connects the X-ray tube 60 to the terminals 38 and 39 and then closes to motor switch 54 to start the motor 32. The motor soon comes up to synchronism and then the polarity switch 59 is closed to supply current to the polarity indicator 51. If the indication is proper, the apparatus is ready for exciting the X-ray tube 60. Closing the switch 55 throws current upon the primary of the transformer 17, thereby inducing a verv high potential in the secondary of the transformer which is composed of a vary large number of turns, the current from the secondary being rectified at the commutating disk 98 and supplied to the terminals 38 and 39 in impulses of unadirectional current as diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 9. It can be seen from the diagram of Fig. 9 that the top of the waves, both positive and negative, are utilized by means of the commutating disk 28.

If upon closing the motor switch 54 and the polarity switch 59, the operator finds that the polarity of the terminals 38 and 39 has been reversed, as indicated bv the polarity indicator 51, it is necessary merely to change over the pole-changing switch 56 in order to reverse the polarity of the terminals 38 and 39.

I do not intend to be limited to the precise details of construction as it is apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim is the following:

1. In combination, a frame, a plate of glass mounted on said frame, a motor bed, said bed comprising a heavy slab of insulating material mounted on said frame, a resilient mounting for said bed, a motor rigidly mounted on said bed, electric terminals for said motor, said terminals being mounted on said base, terminal brushes on said plate of glass, a commutating disk on the shaft of said motor, said disk having segments coiiperating with said brushes and working terminals connected to said brushes.

2. In combination, a frame, a plate ofv silient mounting for said bed, said means comprising resilient means for preventing displacement of said slab, a motor rigidly mounted on said bed, terminal brushes on said plate of glass, a resilient mounting for said brushes on said plate, a commutating disk on the shaft of said motor, said disk having segments cooperating with said terminals, working terminals connected to said brushes and a glass shield between said motor and said disk.

3. A high voltage rectifying commutating device comprising a circular disk of insulating material, flat circular segments of metal secured at symmetrically spaced points on the rim of said disk, said segments projecting radially beyond the disk of insulation a sufiicient distance to prevent the arc from damaging the edge of the disk, brush holders mounted radially beyond said segments, conducting bristle brushes mounted in said holders, said brushes lying substantially tangential to said segments, said holders being adjustable rotatably to change the angle of contact of the brush and the segments.

4. In combination supply mains, a synchronous motor connected to said mains, a

pair of pole changers operated by said motor, one of said pole changers being connected to said line and to a working circuit, the other of said pole changers being connected to said line and to a polarity indicator, switches in said motor circuit and in said polarity indicator circuit, the switch in said latter circuit being interlocked with respect to said other switch to insure that the polarity indicator circuit will be open when said motor switch is open.

5. In combination, alternating current supply mains, a synchronous motor connected to said mains, a pole changer connected to said mains, a polarity indicator connected to said pole changer, a switch in said motor connection, a switch in said pole changer connection, said pole changer switch being placed back of and overlappin with said motor switch to protect sai pole changer from alternating current, said pole changer being operated by said synchronous motor.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 4th day of May, A. D. 1915.

WILLIAM ll/LEYER.

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