US1234598A - Suction-machine. - Google Patents

Description

. '1'. WYNN, 1m

SUCTION MACHINE. APELICATIQN FILED ll \N.l4,1915.

11,234,598. Patented July 24, 1917.

WITNESSES: [NENTOR fi Wy W.

A ITO NEY.

r scribed and illustrated in the accompanying Improvements in JOHN WYNN, JR, or CANTON, OHIO.

SUCTION-MACHINE.

Specifleation'of Letters Patent.

Patented July at, 191s.

:Application filed January 14, 1915. Serial No. 2,136.

This invention relates to suction machines of the. centrifugal type, more particularly to devices of the type commercially termed vacuum cleaners, and has for its primary object to provide a machine of such class, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, witlr 'means to facilitate the movement or travel of the air through the machine.

A further object of the invention, is to provide in a machine of the class referred to and in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a suction creating element with a plurality of impellers to facilitate the travel or movement of the air through the machine.

A further object of the invention is to imrove enerall 1 u on suction machines of a: d

the centrifugal type and to further provide amachine which is-conveniently accessible for inspection of its parts, readily assembled, simple in construction, strong, durable, having the number of wearing parts reduced to a minimum under-such conditions decreasing friction, and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists of the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more specifically dedrawings wherein is shown an embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that changes, variations and modifications can be resorted to which come within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

In the drawings wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, broken away, of a suction machine in accordance with this invention Fig. 2 is an elevation of the lower half of the impeller casing.

Fig. 3 is an elevation illustrating the separating diaphragm and the air passage between the impellers, and further showing the vanes for collecting the air from the first impeller and conducting it to the intake of the second impeller.

The drawing shows a suction creating element including a pair of impellers, but it is obvious that thls number can be increased,

- the casing bein constructed to provide for the additional impeller or impellers. The form illustrated is termed a two stage machine as it includes two fans or impellers in series.

Referring to the drawings in detail A denotes a tank or receptacle of the well known type employed in suction machines,

termed commercially vacuum cleaning machines now in general use, and mounted thereon, as well as communicating therewith,

is the casing of the suction creating element and whiohis formed of two sections, 1, 2, separated by a diaphragm 3. The section 1 1s flanged as at 1? and said flange rests on the diaphragm 3, the latter being mounted upon the top edge of the side 2" of the section' 2. The side2 is thicker than the bot tom 2 of said section 2. The section 1 includes a top 1 and an open bottom. The section 2 is open at its top. The diaphragm 3'is employed for closing the bottom of the section 1 and top of'section 2. The top of the section 1 is depressed and secured thereto is a motor 16 having its shaft 17 eXtendinglpdown through the top 1 of the section'l. he diaphragm 3 is secured in position on the section 2, and against section 1-,by holdfast devices 4, which extend down through the flange 1, through the diaphragm 3 and engage in the side 2- of the section 2 The lower section 2, has formed integral with or connected to the bottom 2 thereof in any suitable manner a. series of segmental bars 5, arranged in spaced relation with respect to each other to provide passages constituting outlets 6. The bars 5 are sodisposed to form a split annular member or' ring and said bars are connected on edge to the bottom 2 The annular member or ring forms in connection with the side 2 of the section 2, an annular air chamber 8 with which the outlets 6 communicate. The outlets 6 are spaced equi=distant so that they form definite ports.

Arranged within the section 2 and surrounded by the annular member or ring is an impeller or fan 7, which is of much less diameter than said member, the latter being of materially less diameter than said section 2-. The bars -5 form an air tight space 5* between the impeller 7 and the air chamber 8, and the outlets 6 provide for the discharge of air from the impeller 7 to the chamber 8.

The bottom 2" of the section 2 has an inlet opening 9 for the passage of air into theimpeller 7. The opening 9 establishes com-; munication between the impeller 7 and the receptacle tank A.

chamber 8, to an air intake 11, formed at the central part of the offset portion 3 of the diaphragm 3. I

Securedto thelower face of the-ofiset portion 3, of the diaphragm 3, is a series of tangentially disposed curved vanes 12, to facilitate the movement or travel of air through the passage 13. The vanes 12 extend from the intake 11 to the outer terminus of the oflset portion 3.

Arranged withinthe section 1 is 'an impeller 14 which is of greater diameter than the impeller 7, although if desired both impellers can be of the same diameter. The intake 11 communicates With the impeller 14, Where the air is acted upon and dis-- charged from the section l-through the outlet 15 into the atmosphere.

-The shaft 17 has attached thereto hllbS "18, 19, and to the former'is attached the impeller 14 and to the latter the impeller 7. The hubs are attached at one end to the pro pellers and project to each other. The impeller 7'is operated with its periphery in close proximity to the bars 5 and the impeller 14 operated'with its periphery in close proximity to the section 1 for a purpose to 'be hereinafter referred to. Each of the hubs 18, 19, as before stated issecured at one end to an impeller and the other endhas suitable means to attach the unsecured end of the other hub thereto. ,The

hubs when secured to the impellersextend in opposite directions with respect to each other, The general principle of the staged mach1ne 1s heremshown, consistlng of a series of spaced impellers so arranged that the air exhausted from the periphery of one impeller is caused to enter the intake of the next, and so on until the last impeller is passed through, from which the air is exhausted to the atmosphere.

As the air enters the casing it is caused to pass through the first impeller by virtue of centrifugal action, and is then discharged throughthe ports in the stationary annular member or ring which is placed in close proximity to the periphery of'the impeller.

The ports are arranged in such manner a nd are of such area so as not to interfere with fromfthe revolving impeller. T la /annular section of the casing of the impellers and together provide the chamber 8 completely the velocity of the air as it isydlseifarged memberor ring is surroundedby the hover I encircling the impeller with no opening into I the impeller (whlch it encircles) except the ports before mentioned. The object of this annular chamber is to provide a free and easy space for the air to travel during its movement into the next stage and without the production of eddy currents and back pressure as usually caused by the discharge of the revolving impeller.

A further function of the annular member or ring is to provide a means for eliminating the action of back pressure and 'eddy cur rents against the tips of the revolving'fa'n blades. The elimination of 'this' 'action is accomplished by running the periphery of the impeller at a distance from the annular member or ring not to exc ed the widthof the opening at the periphery (that is, width .of fan blades at cri-phery or depth of the channels). This zeeps the pressure around the periphery of the impeller constant, thus preventing any stray air'currents from reacting upon the periphery of the impeller. After the air has been discharged into the annular chamber it is collected by the vanes which are placed in the air space 13 and disposed of at the intake to the next impeller" and is conducted through this impeller and again discharged. by centrifugal action. The

periphery of thissecond impeller is extended to a point in close proximity'to themain casing, to obtain the same effect as is p'roduced by the annularmember or ring, as

described in connection with the first impeller. p r a The annular member besides preventing back lashing and eddy. currents also relieves back pressure of air from the chamber 8,,

that is to say back pressure of-thezair discharged from the impeller -7 through the ported annular member intoisaidchamber.

It is ,well understood that the air after pas from the fan, does not travel as fast as does while in the fan,'nor,does it trav.-l

as fast as the periphery of the fan, this causes the-airat the point-of-delivery of the fan to form an eddy in a' circular motion,

s milar to a whirl-pool, while still having a motion in the direction of the travel of the fan, the, eddy being caused by a revolution of forces and by the same action that produces all Whirlpools. This objectionable feature relative to the eddy is overcome by. 1

,placing the fan in close relation to the 'cas-.

m as the air within the casingis caused charged from the fan, due to the friction, 'f

upon thato air, thus eliminating any eddy.

tions reventin back ressure'u on the fan:

to move as fast as the air which isbeing dis- 1,234,598 y it by the same reason, as the air does not strike when forced against the walls of the casing, but continues in a circular motion until exhausted by the fan into the atmosphere.

The space between the fanperiphery and 'the casing should not be more than the ters in the impeller 7 centrally of the bottom thereof. The top of the chamber for the impeller 7 is closed.

The diaphragm 3 in connection with the section 1 forms a chamber for the impel- .ler 14.

What I claim is 1. The combination in a suction machine .said vanes being spaced from each other to form radialoutlets establishing communication between said space and said air chamber. y

2. The combination in a suction machine of the centrifugal type, of a casing, a peripherally discharging impeller, stationary guide vanes arranged in said casing in the arcs of a circle concentric with the axis of rotation of said impeller to provide an impeller chamber surrounded by an air chamber, an intake for said impeller, said impeller having its periphery spaced from said vanes to provide an uninterrupted annular air space, said vanes being spaccd from each other to form radial outlets establishing communication between said space and said air chamber, a second impeller chamber ha ving an intake, a peripherally discharging impeller operating in said second impeller chamber, and means interposed between said impeller chamber for conducting air from the air chamber to the intake of the second impeller chamber.

3. The combination in a suction machine of the centrlfugal type, an nnpeller chamber, an intake therefor, a stationary circular wall arranged within said chamber, an air chamber surrounding, said wall, a peripherally discharging impeller arranged within said impeller chamber and having its periphery spaced from said wall thereby providing an uninterrupted annular airspace, and said wall having radially disposed air outlets to establish communication between said air space and said chamber.

i. The combination in a suction machine of the-centrifugal type, an impeller chamher, an intake therefor, a stationary circular wall arranged within said chamber, an air chamber surrounding said wall, a periplr erally discharging impeller arranged within said impeller chamber and having its periphery spaced from said wall thereby providing an uninterruptmlannular air space. said wall having radially disposed air outlets to establish communication between said air space and said chamber, a. second impeller chamber, an intake therefor, a peripherally discharging impeller within said sec-v ond impeller chamber, and means interposed between said impeller chambers for conducting air from the air chamber to the intake of the second impeller chamber.

5. The combination in a suction machine of the centrifugal type, a casing, stationary guide vanes arranged therein in arcs of a circle and providing in said casing an impeller chamber and an air chamber surrounding the impeller chamber, said vanes further providing a circular Wall, the combined length of said vanes being less than the total circumference of said wall, airintake for said impeller chamber, a peripherally discharging impeller within said impeller chamber and having its periphery spaced from said ivall thereby providing an annular uninterrupted air space, said vanes being spaced from each other toform radial outlets for establishing communication be tween said space and air chamber, the arcs of the circle in which the vanes are arranged being concentric with the axis of rotation of said impeller.

'6. The combination in a suction machine of the centrifugal type, a casing, stationary guide vanes arranged therein in arcs of a circle and providing in said casing an impeller chamber and an air chamber surrounding theimpeller chamber, said vanes further providing a. circular wall, the combined length of'said vanes being less than the total circumference of said Wall, an in take for said impeller chamber, a peripherally discharging impeller within said impeller chamber and having its periphery spaced from said wall thereby providing an annular uninterrupted air space, said vanes being spaced from each other to form radial outlets for establishing communication between said space and air chamber. the arcs of the circle in which the vanes are arranged being concentric with the axis of rotation of said impeller. a second impeller chamber, an intake therefor, a peripherally discharging a plate mounted thereon thereby impellerarranged in said second impeller chamber, and means interposed between said impeller chambers for conducting air from the air chamber to the intake of the second impeller chamber.

7. The'combinathnin a suction machine of. the centrifugal type, a casing, stationary guide vanes positioned therein and having a plate mounted thereon thereby providing in said casing an impeller chamber and an air chamber surrounding said impeller chamber, an intake for said impeller chamher, a peripherally discharging impeller arranged within said impeller chamber, and having its periphery spaced from said vanes thereby providing an uninterrupted annular air space, said vanes being arranged in arcs of a circleconcentric with the axis of rotation of said impeller, said. vanes being spaced from each other to form. radial outlets establishing communication between said space and said air chamber.

8. The combination in a suction machine of the centrifugal type, a casing, stationary guide vanes positioned therein and having providing in said casing an impeller chamber and an air chamber surrounding said mpeller chamber, an intake for said impel Yer chamher, a peripherally discharging 'mpeller arranged within said impellef'chamber, and having its periphery spaced from said vanes thereby providing an uninterrupted annular air space, said vanes being arranged in arcs of a circle concentric with the axis of rotation of said impeller, said vanes being spaced from each other to 'form radial out-lets establishing communication between space and said air chamber, a second impeller chamber, an intake therefor, a pcripherally discharging impeller positioned in said second impeller chamber, and'means interposed between said plate and said second impeller chamber for conducting air from said air chamber to saidsecond impeller chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' JOHN WYNN, :JR.

Witnesses:

' FLORENCE RIBLET,

ALVA L. DEAL.

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