US1233755A

US1233755A - Refrigerating apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US1233755A
Application number: US8468716A
Authority: US
Inventors: Eugene P Connelly
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1916-03-16
Filing date: 1916-03-16
Publication date: 1917-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 1934-07-17

Description

E. P. CONNELLY.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION flLED MAR. Hi. 915.

1,233,755. Patnted July 17, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Attorney! E. P. CONNELLY.

REFRIGERATING APPARAIUS. APPLICATION FILED mm. I6. 1916. Patented July 17, 1917- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1N VEN T 01? EUGENE P. CONNELLY, 015 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

BEFRIGERATING- APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1'7, 1917.

Application filed March 16, 1916. Serial No. 84,687.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE P. -CONNELLY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Refrigerating Apparatus; and do hereby declare the following to be a. full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in refrigerating systems, and more particularly to such as that disclosed in application filed by me on the 23rd day of January 1915, and designated by. Serial No. 3939,one object of: the present invention being to provide simple and efficient electrically controlled means for electrically controlling the operation of therefrigerating system under varyin conditions which may arise.

ith this and other objects in view, the invention-consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts as hereinafter set forth and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 is a diagrammatical view of a refrigerating apparatus showing an embodiment of my invention; and Fig. 2 is a separate view showing the controlling appliances for the brine circulating means.

In the refrigerating apparatus per se represented in the drawing, 1 represents a gas J compressor, the piston of which may be reciprocated by the operation of an electric motor 2, having its rotary member connected with the rod 3 of said piston through the medium of a crank shaft 1, or any other suitable means may be employed to transmit motion from the motor to the piston of the gas compressor. The cylinder of the compressor will preferably be provided with a cooling jacket 5, throu h which water may be circulated, as hereinater explained.

The gas compressor is provided at one end with a valved outlet 6 and a valved inlet 7. A pipe 8 communicates with the valved outlet and leads to one end of a condensing coil 9. This coil may be inclosed within a pipe 10 through which water may be circulated for effecting condensation of the ammonia gas flowing through the coil 9. In the con struction shown in the drawing, water is supplied to the cooling coil 10 by a pipe 11.

This pipe communicates with the casing 12 of a balanced valve and the latter is connected-by a pipe 13 with a main water pipe 14 which may receive water from a city or other water supply under suitable pressure, such as city pressure. A valve 15 may be located in the pipe 11 between the balanced valve 12 and the cooling coil 10. Water will bedischarged from the lower end 16 of the cooling coil and may be conveyed away in any suitable manner. Water for the cooling jacket 5 of the compressor may be conveyed to said jacket by means of a pipe 17 connected with the pipe 11.

A pipe 18 conducts liquefied ammonia from the condensing coil 9 to the top of a water-cooled storage cylinder 19, a valve 20 being located in the pipe 18 between the coil 9 and the cylinder 19 to prevent back flow of liquid to the condensing coil. A pipe 21 communicates with the upper portion of the cylinder 19 and is provided with an expansion valve 22, the stem of which is connected with a diaphragm inclosed within a casing 23 mounted on the casing of said expansion valve for a purpose hereinafter explained. The pipe 21 is connected with one end of a freezing or refrigerating coil 24: while the opposite end of the latter is connected by a pipe 25 to a receiver 26, said "pipe being provided with a releasing valve 27L The stem of this valve is connected with diaphragm 27* in a chamber 27 of the casing of valve 27, so that when pressure is introduced under said diaphragm, the valve will be opened and release all gas in the expansion or cooling coil. The receiver 26 is of size sufiicient to take care of all the gas during a reasonable period of time. With the relief valve set to release at that pressure in coils 24 which will give the best cooling effect, a uniform pressure and temperature will be maintained in the coils. in coils escapes into the receiver, the pressure in the latter will rise-and if the receiver be of suflicient size to accommodate all the gas stored in cylinder 19, it is apparent that the pressure in the receiver would never equal the pressure in the coils. It is not however necessary or desirable to use a receiver to accommodate all the gas, but one of size suiiicient to maintain the proper temperature for a reasonable length of time. As the excess of pressure is released, the pressure in the receiver will continue to in- As the excess pressure crease until it equals that in the coils. Up to this period a uniform tem mrature and pressure will be maintained in the coils, but as the liquefied gas still continues to be discharged from cylinder 19, it is apparent that the pressure in the coils and also the receiver will continue to rise but owing to the increasing pressure a uniform temperature would not be maintained. The object of the receiver is to maintain a uniform pressure and temperature for a longer period than would otherwise be possible.

Leading from the receiver 26 to the inlet valve 7 of the compressor 1, is a pipe 28,

proiided with a valve 29. The casing of this valve is provided with an enlarged portion 30 in the chamber of which a diaphragm 31 is located and connected with the stem of the valve 'for a purpose hereinafter explained. A valved pipe 32 communicates with the pipe 28 for charging the system with ammonia gas from any convenient source of supply.

A pipe 33 communicates at one end with the main Water supply pipe 14, and a valve 34 may be located in the latter between the connections of the pipes 13 and 33 therewith. The pipe 33 leads to a compression cylinder 35 and is provided with a valve 36 having a chamber 37 formed on i'ts casing to receive a diaphragm 38 connected with the stem of said -valve for a purpose which will be herein'afterexplainedl The compression cylinder 35 is also provided with an outlet controlled by a relief valve as indicated at 39.

This compression cylinder is located in line with the storage cylinder 19 and contains a piston 40 which is connected by a rod 41 with the piston 42 in the storage cylinder.

- The compression cylinder is provided with a temporary cover 43 to keep out dirt or-dust, and a cross bar 43 is secured across the top of the cylinder 35 having a hole for the passage of the rod 41 and serve as a guide for,

the latter.

In the operation ofthe apparatus as thus:

far described, ammoniagas is forced by the compressor 1 into condenser coil 9 where it is liquefied and passes from thence, in liquid form, into storage cylinder 19. After the cylinder 19 has been filled with the liquefied gas at high pressure, 'the gas is still further compressed by admitting fluid to the underside of piston 40. The ,pressure against piston 40 is always sufiicient to maintain the liquid in cylinder 19 undercompression and .prevent any expansion of the latter and also prevents passage of ammonia vapor to the refrigerating coil. After the ,proper pressure of the liquefied gas in the cylinder 19 has been attained, the expansion valve 22 will be opened, thus permitting the liquid in cylinder 19 to gradually escape into the refrigerating coil, where it is vaporized and by its rapid expansion produces a low temperature in the coil in the well known manner. The liquid escapes slowly from the cylinder 19, but as the pressure exerted on piston 40 is always in excess of the pressure exerted on piston 42, the latter is gradually forced upwardly which offsets any expansion of the liquefied gas in the storage cylinder 19, and the initial pressure is maintained throughout the operation of the apparatus irrespective of volume. As the liquefied gas leaves the expansion valve 2.3 and enters the coil 24 it is rapidly vaporized and expands and spreads out through the .enil.

The cylinder 19 's of suflicient capacity to supply gas to the coil for a certain length of time, which of course can be increased or decreased by varying the size of the cylinder. After the apparatus has exhausted itself, or in other words, after all the liquid in cylinder 19 has 'assed into the refrigerating coil 24, the fluid may be exhausted from cylinder 35 and the compressor 1 started. It may be here stated that the fluid may be released from cylinder 35 through the valve 39 by the action of pressure on top of piston 42 forcing the iston 4O downwardly, thus compressing fluid in cylinder 35 and any increase in pressure of fluid in cylinder '35 in excess of that at which the relief valve 39 is set, will bereleased. The 0 era'tion of the compressor 1 sucks or withdraws the gas from the receiver 26 through pipe 28 into the compressor 1 and from thence forces it through condenser 9 and into .the storage cylinder 19 in liquid form under pressure, and fluid pressure in the cylinder 35 will be restored,

In order that the operations of the apparatus as above described, shall be automatically controlled, the instrumentajlities now to be explained are employed.

A lever 4.4 is pivotally supported between its ends, as indicated at 45 and with the heavier arm 46 of this lever, a dependin r rod 47 is connected. This rod is conneetet with two balanced valves 4849 '

locatedin valve casings

12 and 50 respective'ly,the valve 48 being adapted to control the -flow of water from the main supply pipe 14 through the pipe 11 to the cooling pipe 10 of the ammonia condenser, and through the pipe 17 'to the water jacket 5 of the compressor 1. A pipe 51 connects the main water supply pipe 14 with the casing 50 of balanced valve 49 and said casing is also provided with an exhaust pipe 52. A water pipe 53 also communicates, at one ,end with the casing 50 of balanced valve 49, and extends to the casing 53 of another balanced valve 54. This last-mentioned valve casing is provided .with an exhaust outlet 55 and -.a pipe 556 communicates at one .end with said valve casing 53 and with the casing of the expansion valve 22 over the diaphragm therein, so that when fluid pressure 18 permitted to flow through the pipe 56 to the chamber 23 of valve 22, said valve will be closed.

A pipe 57 communicates at one end with the water pipe 53 and at the other end with the chamber 30 on the casing of valve 29 so as to discharge-fluid pressure under the iaphragm and thus operate to' open the valve 29.

A pipe 58 connects the water pipe 53 with the chamber 37 onthe casing of valve 36, so as to discharge fluidpressure to said chamber over the diaphragm 38 therein and operate to close said valve 36.

A pipe 58 connects the water-pipe 53 with the chamber 27 of the casingof valve 27 so as to discharge under the valve therein, and this pipe contains a stop valve 58".

The heavier arm 46 ofthe lever 44 is provided with a spring-pressed latch arm 59, which is normally engaged by the armature lever 60 of an electro-magnet 61. One terminal of the magnet 61 15 connected by a wire 62 with one pole of a battery 63, while the other terminal of said magnet is connected by a wire 64 with a contact 65 (which may indicate 40 lbs.) on a high pressure gage 66, the latter being connected with the receiver 26 in any suitable manner, so that its indicator finger 67 will be actuated by pressure in saidreceiver. A wire 68 connects the battery 63 with the gage 66 in such manner as to be electrically connected with the indicator finger 67.' The gage 66 is also providedwith a contact" 69, (which may indicate zero), andthis contact is connected by a wire 70, with one terminal of the coil of a solenoid 71,-the other terminal of said coil being connected with the coil of another solenoid 72, and the other terminal of the latter is connected by wires 7374 with the wire 62 leading to the battery 63. Thus it will be apparent that when the finger'67 of gage 66 engages the contact 65, a circuit will be closed including the magnet 61 and battery 63, and that when said finger 67 engages the contact 69 on the gage 66, a circuit will be closed'including said battery and the coils of the solenoids 71-72. The cores of these solenoids are connected with a cross bar 75 secured to the arm 46 of the lever 44, so that when the solenoids are energized, the lever 44 will be operated to raise the balanced valves 48--49. When the magnet 61 is energized, it will operate its armature lever 60 to release the latch arm 59 and thus permit the heavier end of the lever 44 to descend and operate the balance valves. The arm 46 of lever 44 carries plungers 76-7 6 electrically as well as mechanically connected to a cross bar 77, and disposed to enter mercury cups 78-7 8. These mercury circuit closers are included in circuit with the driving motor 2 of the gas compressor, as follows :In the drawing I have shown two leading-in wires 79-80 which may be connected with any suitable source of electrical supply. The leading-in wire 79 is connected, by a conductor 81 with one terminal of the motor 2, while the other terminal of the motor is connected by a conductor 82 with one of the mercury cups while the other-mercury cup is connected by a conductor 83 with the leading-in-wire 80. Thus it is apparent that when the arm 56 of lever 44 descends, the motor circuit will be closed by the mercury circuit closers and the motor will therefore be started.

In order to guard against possibility of failure of the arm 46 of lever 44 todescend promptly when released, I provide a solenoid 84, the core of which is connected with said arm 46, and the coil of this solenoid is included in a normally open circuit with a battery 85 and contacts 86, adapted to be bridged by a head 87 carried by the armature lever 60. Thus it will be seen that when the armature lever 60 is actuated (by the magnet 61) to release the lever 44, the head 67 carried by said armature lever will bridge the contacts 86 and thus close the circuit of solenoid 84, so as to cause said solenoid to positively pull the arm 46 of lever 44 downwardly, and thus'insure the roper operation of the circuit closers 6-78 and the valves 48-49.

A high pressure gage 88, is connected in any suitable manner with the high pressure side of the system, preferably between the condenser 9 and the cylinder 19 and is provided with a contact 89 which may be designated 200. The indicator hand 90 of this gage is electrically connected, through the medium of a wire 91 with one pole of a but tery 92. The other pole of this battery is connected, by conductors 93-73 with the coil of the solenoids 72, while the coil of the solenoid 71 is connected by conductors 7 0-94 with the contact 89 of the high pressure gage 88. A bell or other electrically operated indicator or alarm 95 may be included in this circuit. It is apparent that when the pressure on the gage 88 is such as to cause the hand 90 to engage the contact 89, the circuit of battery 92 will be closed, thus sounding the alarm 95 and energizing the solenoids 7172 to tilt the lever 4-1 and effect the open-circuiting of the motor circuit to stop the motor and also raise the valves 4849 to close the same.

A dial thermometer 96 is located near the refrigerating coil 24 and provided with contacts 97-98, which may be designated respectively to indicate certain predetermined degrees of temperature, say 30 and 36. The hand of the thermometer is indicated at 99. The contact 97'is connected, by a conductor 100 with one terminal of an electro-magnet 101 and the other terminal of this magnet is connected 'by a conductor 102 with one pole of a battery 103, while the other pole of this battery is connected by a-conductor 104 with the hand 99 of the thermometer. Themagnet 101 controls an armature lever 105, which in turn isengaged by a spring-pressed latch arm 106 carried by one end of a pivoted lever 107. To the same arm of the lever 107 which carries the latch arm, the "balanced valve 54 *is connectedby means of a rod 108 and with this same arm of lever 107, the core of a solenoid 109 is'connected. This solenoid is'included in a normally open electric circuit 110, which also includes contacts 111 adapted to be bridged by a head 112 on the armature lever 105,' while said armature is actuated'by the magnet 101, so that when the lever 107 is released by the operation of the magnet 101, the descent of the end thereof to which the valve 54 is connected, will be insured by the action of the solenoid 109. The core of a solenoid 113 is connected with the other arm of the lever 107 and one terminal of the coil of this solenoid is connected, by a conductor 114 with one pole of the battery 103, while the other terminal of-sa'id solenoid is connected, by a conductor 115 with the contact 98 of the thermometer. Thus it Will be seen that when the hand 99 of the thermometer engages the contact 98, a circuit willbe established from battery 103, by conductor 104 to the thermometer hand 99, to contact 98, by conductor 115 to solenoid 113 and then' by conductor 114, back to the battery. The current in this circuit serves to energize the solenoid 113 and causes the latter to tilt the lever 107 and raise the valve 54.

The refrigerating coil 24 may be employed to cool brine in a tank 116 as shown in Fig. 2. The brine in this tank is circulated through a cooling coil 24 by the operation of a pump 117 actuated'by an electric motor 118. One end of said coil is connected with the brine tank by means of a pipe 119, and the other end is connected, by a pipe 120 with the pump 117, the latter being connected by a pipe 121 with the brine tank.

A lever 122, pivotally mounted between its ends, carries near one end, a cross bar 123 and from respective ends of said cross bar,

plungers 124 are suspended. The plungers are adapted to enter mercury cups 125 to form mercury circuit closers. A leading-in wire 126 from any suitable source of electrical supply, is connected by a conductor 127 with one of the mercury cups 125, and the other mercury cup 125 is connected by a conductor 128 with one terminal of the motor 118, the other terminal of said motor'being connected by a conductor 129 with the leading-in wire 130. It is apparent that when the lever 122 is operated to dip the plungers 124into the mercury in the cups 125,-the circuitof the motor 118 will be closed so as to cause the operation-of the brine-circulating pump 1-17.' "The lever 122 minal of one of said'coi ls' is connected by a conductor 134 with a contact 135-on a dial thermometer 136,'the latter being located in proximity to the refrigerating coil 24. One terminal of the other solenoid is connected by conductor *'140 with a battery 141. The-contact 135 may be designated as 30", and another contact 137 on said thermometer may be designated -36. The contact 137 is connected bya conductor 138 with one terminal of an electromagnet 139, while the other terminal of this ma net is connected by a conductor 140, with one pole of a battery 141,the other pole of said battery being connected, 'by a conductor 142, with the hand 143 of the thermometer 136.-

The magnet 139 controls a pivoted armature lever 144 which, intu-rn,

engages a spring-pressed latch arm carried by the lever 122, so .as to normally'retain said lever in position to'ho'ld the plungers 124 out oft-he mercury in-the cups 125 and thus keep the circuit of motor 118 open. It is apparent that when the band 143 .of the thermometer "136 engages the contact 137, an electric circuit including 'the ma net 139and battery 141;- that the armature lever 144 will be actuated by said magnet to release the latch air-m 145 and the heavier end of the lever122,causing:the closing or the motor circuit at the mercury circuit closers and the starting of the motor 118 to operate the pump 117. When the hand of the thermometer l36-engages to contact 135, the circuit of the solenoids 132 will be closed and the lever 122 operated to raise the plungers of the mercury circuit and open the circuit of motor 118, thus stopping the pump 117 When, during the operation of the system, the pressure in the receiver reaches such a point that no cooling effect is ob tained, as for example when 40 pressure is attained in said receiver and indicated on the gage 66,the hand 67 of this gage will cooperate with the contact '65 and close the circuit of the magnet 61,'thus' releasing the lever 44 and closing the circuit of motor 2, at the mercury circuit-closers 76 78. In this manner the gas compressor 1 will be automatically started. Whenthe arm 46 of the lever 44 descends to effect the starting of the compressor, the balanced valves 48-49 will be opened so as to permit the How of water through pipe 11 to the con denser 91 O, and the opening of the valve 49 admitting water to the pipe 53, and through the pipe 38 to apply pressure upon the diaphragm 38 so as to close valve 36 which controls the passage of water through the pipe 33 to the cylinder 35. The water pressure now in the pipe 53 will also enter the valve chamber 30 and, operating on't-he under side of the diaphragm thereon, will cause the valve 29 to open and enable the gas compressor to relieve the pressure in the receiver 26 until the pressure reaches zero on the back pressure gage 66. Water will also pass through the pipe 58 and enter the casing of valve 27 under the diaphragm 27' in the chamber 27 of said valve casing, thus opening the valve 27 and permitting re moval of gas from the expansion or refrigerating coil.

Any desired pressure may be maintained in the cooling coils by adjusting the contact on'the gage 66 to the desired pressure where the most cooling effect is obtained, and also by adjusting the spring of the valve 27, so that all pressure in excess of that where the best cooling effect is ob tained will be released into the receiver 26. Should it be desired to cut out the automatic pressure operated means of the valve 27 the stop ,valve58" will be closed. When the head of this gage reaches zero,at this time engagin the contact 69,the circuit of the solenoids 71--72 will be closed and said solenoids caused to tilt the lever 44 and thus open the circuit of motor 2, to cause the stopping of the compressor.

Should the suppl of water to the com denser become insu cient to effect proper condensation of the ammonia gas, or should the pressure onthe compression side of the apparatus tend to reach an unsafe degree, which would be indicated on the gage 88, at say 200,the engagement of the hand 90 of this gage with the contact 89, will close the circuit including the battery 92 and solenoids 71-72 and thus cause operation of the lever 44 to open the circuit of the motor 2 and stop the compressor, when the circuit of the battery 92 is closed as and for the purpose above described, the alarm 95 will be sounded.

For the purpose of controlling the operation of the expansion valve '22, according to the temperature attained in'the box or compartment where the refrigerating coil 24 is located, the devices controlled by the dial thermometer 96 are employed. When the hand or indicator 99 of this thermometer reaches the contact 97, indicating, say 30, the circuit of the magnet 101 will be closed, thus causing the lever 107 to be released and made to descend in a manner to operate the balanced valve 54 to permit the passage of water from the supply pipe 53 to the pipe 56 and finally to the chamber 23 over the diaphragm therein, and thus operate to close the expansion valve 22.

When the temperature adjacent to the refrigerating coil 24 reaches, say 36, the hand 99 of the thermometer engaging the contact 98, will close the circuit of solenoid 113 and thus cause the lever 107 to be operated in a manner to shift the balanced valve 54 and close the supply of water to the cham ber 23 over the expansion valve and at the same time opening the exhaust for the escape of water in thechamber of said valve 54 through the exhaust pipe 55, and permitting the expansion valve to open.

The circulation of brine from the refrigerating coil is controlled by the dial thermometer 136. Thus when the temperature adjacent to the refrigerating coil 24 reaches a certain high temperature, say 36, so that the hand 143 will engage the contact 137, the circuit of the magnet 139 will be closed, so as to cause said magnet to release the lever 122 and permit the latter to tilt and close the circuit of the pump motor, thus starting the motor. When the hand 143 of the thermometer indicates 30 and engages the contact 135, the circuit of the solenoids 131-432 will be closed, and the solenoids will then operate to tilt the lever 122 in a manner to open the motor circuit, at the mercury circuit closers 124-125, and thus cause the operation of the brine cir culating pump 117 to be stopped.

In the event that the system be installed, Where water pressure is not accessible, I may use air pressure from a suitable tank which latter may be supplied by a suitable pump operated by the motor, and the water necessary for the condenser and for cooling jackets may be supplied by another pump operated by the motor, all as disclosed in my previous application hereinbefore referred to.

Various slight changesmight be made in the details of construction of my invention without departing from the spirit thereof or limiting its scope and hence I do not wish to confine myself to the precise details herein set forth.

Havinc fully described my invention what I c aim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is

1. The combination in a refrigerating system, of a gage communicating with the expansion side of the system, electrically controlled means controlled 'by said gage for automatically controllin the flow of cooling medium from the big pressure side to the expansion side of the system and from the expansion to the high pressure side of the system, a gage communicating with the high pressure side of the system, and electrically operated means controlled by said last-mentioned gage and adapted to control said first mentioned controlling means to stop the operation of the system when a predetermined high pressure is reached in the high pressure side of the system.

2. In a refrigerating system, the combination with a compressor, an electric motor therefor, a condensing coil communicating with the compressor, a refrigerating. coil communicating with the condensing coil, and return means between the refrigerating coil and the compressor, and a valve in said return means, of a gage communicating with said return means, and electrically con trolled controlling means controlled by said gage for automatically starting and stopping the compressor motor and for open ing and closing the valve in said return means.

In a refrigerating system, the combination with a gas compressor, an electric motor therefor, a'condensing coil communicating with the compressor, a refrigerating coil communicating with the condensing coil, a receiver communicating with the refrigerating coil, a return pipe connecting said receiver with the compressor, of a gage communicating with said receiver, electrically controlled controlling means controlled by said gage for automatically starting and stopping the compressor motor and for opening and closing the valve in saidreturn pipe.

4. In a refrigerating system, the combination with a gas compressor, an electric motor therefor, a condensing coil communicating with said compressor, a refrigerating, coil communicating with the condensing coil, a receiver communicating with the refrigerating coil, a return pipe connecting saidieceiver with the compressor, and a valve in said return pipe, of a gage communicating. with the receiver, fluid pressure means. for controlling the valve in the return pipe, a valve for controlling said fluid pressure" means, and electrically controlled devices controlled by said gage for automatically operating the fluidpressure controlling valve and the circuit of the compressor motor.

5. In a refrigerating system, the combination with a gas compressor, an electric motor therefor, a condensing coil communicatin with the compressor, a refrigerating coi communicating with the condensing coil, an expansion valve between the expansion and refrigerating coils, fluid pressure means for operating said expansion valve, a receiver communicating with the refrigerating coil, a return pipe between the receiver and compressor and fluid pressure means for said last-mentioned valve, of a gage communicating with said receiver, electric-ally controlled means controlled by said gage, a fluidpressure controlling, valve= connected with saidelectrically controlled means for controlling the operation of the valve in the return pipe, circuit closers for the motor circuit controlled by said electrically controlled means, a thermal circuit closer adjacent to the refrigerating coil, electrically controlled means controlled by said thermal circuit closer, and a valve for controlling fluid pressure for operating the expansion valve, connected with said lastmentioned electrically-controlled means.

- 6. In a refrigerating system, the combination with a gas compressor, an electric motor therefor, alining storage and compression cylinders, connected piston in said cylinders, a condenser connected between said compressor and storage cylinder, a refrigcrating coil connected with the storage cylinder, a fluid pressure operated expansion valve between the storage cylinder and refrigerating coil, a receiver communicating with the refrigerating. coil, :1. return pipe connecting said: receiver with: the compressor, and a fluidp'ressure operated: valve in said return pipe, 21; fluid-pressure pipe communicating with the-compression cylinder, and a fluid pressure operated valve in said pipe, of .a valve for controlling fluid pressure tosaidzfluid-pressure ratedvalves insaid return pipeand flui pressure pipe, a gage connected-with the receiver, elec-. trical-l confirolledjineans controlled by said gage or operating said-fluid pressure controlling valve, means operatedby said electrically controlled. means for controlling the operation of the compressor motor, a thermal. circuit closer, electrically controlled, means controlled by said circuit closer, and. a-valve connected: with said last-mentioned electrically controlled means forcontrol'ling the operation. of the, expansion valve.

'1. Ina refrigerating system, the combinationiwithan ammoniacompressor, an electric motor therefor, a cond ensinc coilconnectedwith. the compressor, a refrigerating coil connectedwith the condenser, a receiver connected with the. refrigerating coil, a return pipe; connecting the receiver with the compressor, and a fluid pressure operated valve in. said return pipe, of a pipe for supplying fluid pressure for operating said valve, a valve for controlling fluidpressure through said pipe, a pivoted lever connected with said controlling valve, a gage connected. with said receiver, electrically controlled devices controlled by said gage for controlling the operation of said lever, a motor circuit, and circuit closing means in: said circuit and controlled by the movements of said lever.

8. In a refrigerating system, the combination with a refrigerating coil, a brine tank containing the same, a second refrigerating coil, a pi e connecting one end of said second coil wit the brine tank, a pump connected with the other end of said second refrigerating coil, and a pipe connection between said pump and the brine tank, of an electric motor for said pump, a thermal circuit closer, and electrically controlled means controlled by said thermal circuit closer for controlling the operation of said motor.

9. In a refrigerating system, the combination with a gas compressor, an electric motor therefor, a condensing coil communicating with said compressor, a refrigerating coil communicating with the condensing c011, a receiver communicating with the refrigerating coil, 21 "alve between the refrigcrating c011 and the receiver, and a return pipe connecting said receiver with the compressor, of a gage communicating with the receiver, fluid pressure means for controllin the valve between the refrigerating coil an the receiver, a valve for controlling said fluid pressure means, and electrically controlled devices controlled by said gage for automatically operating the fluid-pressure controlling valve and the circuit of the compressor motor.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EUGENE P. CONNELLY.

-Witnesses:

WALTER E. FRENCH, MARGARET G. FANNING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.