US1232435A - Heater. - Google Patents

Description

F- D. SCHNEIDER.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 9. 1915.

Patented July 3, 1917;

2 SHEETS -SHEET FREDERICK nsCHriEIDER, or CLEVELAND, OHIO, on NEW BRUNSWICK,

' SCHNEIDER COMPANY,

assre von r 'rnE LONG-LANDRETH- NEW JERSEY, A conronerron. I k I HEATER.

Continuation of application Serial No. 876,272,

Specification of Letters Patent.

1915. Serial No. 49,762. g

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK D. SCHNEI- one, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the city of Lakewood, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and',useful Improve-' ment in Heaters, of which the following is a specification, being herein explained, and the best mode in an inordinate supply the principle of the invention which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to-distinguish'it from other inventions.

This invention has general reference .to heater constructions and more particularly to two distinct features incident to its structural arrangement Heretofore two types of heater have been employed for the purpose of heating the water supply required for domestic usage. One consisted of a heater of small capacity which heated the water contained within a comparatively large storage tank. While this type gave service it'was wasteful and extravagant due to radiation lost in keeping a large tank hot.- The other utilized a heating conduit of capacity meant to be large enough faucet under normal pressure, and the burners of which were automatically lighted from a pilot flame when the gas valve was opened y the water pressure. At times this type was too large and frequently'too small when was required. Conditions under one extreme made it wasteful and under the other extreme temporarily insutlicient- As such my heat-er combines both an automatic and an instantaneous operation with a storage supply. Specifically it involves a thermostatically operated automatic and instantaneous controlof the inlet valve of a gas burner.

The construction makes a unit of a storage heater: or of an automatic instantaneous but not necessarily heater together with a storage tank. over, the invention as applied to such a unit and employing a reversed circulation water conduit of substantially the arrangement the' configuration shown counteracts the wasteful tendency of the water to continue to circulate upwardly just after the burner is out, by dropping into the hottest conduit portions and then rising thcrcthrough. My heater construction effects a sort of trap whereby the the lower hot water coils and consed steam and and mode of operation.-

temperature, whereby water may because. the

t1 to sufiiciently heat the fiow from a new type of water Moreter to drop in both sections of the conduit brings about a counteraction and causes a cessation in circulation. The arrangement of the cold water or inlet coils above furthermore wholly avoids condensation upon uently the destructive action of sulfuricacid into Patented July 3, 1917-.

filed December 9, 1914. This application filed September 9,

tendency of wawhich such condensation is converted, while practicallv all of the condensation on the upper cold water section is converted into v the. remainder is shed by suitable baffles. 1

. One obj ect' for domestic purposes which will constantly maintain a given amount of water at a fixed be drawn at such temperature:

(a) Sooner, owing duit need not be first awaited.

(b) In larger quantity, that is, in excess ofthe quantity it is capable of heating instantaneously.

In short, the service of a storage heater and-the economy of an instantaneous heater is had. Heretofore it has not .been possible to eifect this triad of results with a single much of the water conduit as was disposed within the casing (that is, the rapidity with which it could satisfactorily heat a standard flow) were insufli'cient relative to the capacity of the storage supply, and because the burner did not automatically render adhas been' to contrive a heater to the larger flow and f v emptying of the'heating con- (c) For a proportionatelylong period of heater because the heating capabilities of so ditional heat when some of the storage supply was replaced by cold .water.

An instantaneous automatic water heater constructed and arranged after the manner of my conception will heat the water as it is used, but is not limited in not cut the water pressure at any faucet since it functionates pressure being entirely without a water valve and since it usually does not require a regulating cock; will be controlled solely capacity will independently of water by the temperature of the water and there-' thereof; will give fore not by the pressure number of faucets standard service at any at one time. My heater is not a storage system with a needlessly large storage which c struction, combination and arran ement of parts as hereinafter more speci cally de-- is .of heat, rather a combinationof an automatic instantaneous heater to satisfy normal demand with a small storage to meet unusual or abnormal demands and asensitive snap thermostat to control the fuel and temperature when associated with an exterior pipe connection. By normal demandis meant the quantity of water that I canbe instantaneously and continuously raised the standard of 63 in temperature.

By abnormal demand is meant a varying quantity of heated water .occas1onally re- "quired for immediate, delivery in excess of the normal demand. Normal demand can be constantly's'upplied. Abnormal demand can be intermittently supplied.

A perfect fuel gas analysis in a. heater would show no trace of either oxygen or carbon monoxid. This theoretical ideal has however been unattainable. To avoid any trace of carbon monoxid would imply a perfeet primary mixing of air and gas which is,. however, impossible in practice. Therefore, complete combustion must be obtained by supplying extra or secondary air at the mouth of the'burner. The control of such drip pan may be dispensed with and the to so apportion and direct it that a minimum quantity is permitted to enter the heater at definitely located points and still maintain 'a complete combustion. Owing to the total absence of any condensation in my heater a supply of secondary air properly conducted from "below.

With the foregoing and other objects in view. the invention consists of the novel conscribed and illustrated in the accompanying 1 drawings, wherein is shown an'embodiment' of the invention, but, it is to be understood that changes, variation and .modifications' can be resorted to which come within the scope of the claimshereunto appended.

7 applications.

Thisapplication isa'continuation of yfl '55 .earliercopending case Serial Number 87 6,272, as to all matter common tothetwo Figure' l is asideelevation of anem aplifying heater construction embodying my invention.

. Fig. II is an endview of I showing certain parts broken away.

Fig. IIIis a view corresponding to. I'wi'th the front of the casing removed in section to disclose the interior.

'maxium dimensions.

aasaesa Fig. IV is a section of line IV-IV of Fig. HI looking to the left as directed by the arrows.

Fig. V is a section on line VV of Fig. I looking downwardly and showing the burner partially broken away.

A casing designated entire with thereference character A comprises suitable legs awhich support a bottom having definitely sized and located openings a Such bottom supports near one end one or more burner seats a one of which is well shown in Fig. III. The relative dimension and arrangement of the secondary air openings at is particularly shown in Fig; V. It will be noticed that each is directly beneath a given burner head so that the rising air is caused to swirl around the same and actually mix rather than pass directly between two adjacent burner heads toconstitute a cooling air current above. In this manner a very lar e per cent. of the secondary air is eflicient y utilized. The front wall a of the casing is provided in its lower part with a door a whereas the rear wall a of the casing is provided with an opening near its top which is in connection with a stack a. It

will be noti ed that the casing involves a v double set of walls the inner one of which,

may be cast iron and the outer any suitable insulating material. namely, the one at the left as appears in Fig. III is provided near its bottom with a number of openings (2, in this instance four, to correspond with the number of burners'employed in this particular exemplification. The-openings a are disposed substantially on a level with the tops of the 7 burner supports a Some distance higher I a:

additional openings a which-reference j character should be assumed as applied to up theend a of the casing is provided with One of theends,

an opening in both walls as a unit. jActually there are six of these openings and their purpose will hereinafter appear, The upper extremity of the end a is fashioned with an approximately semicircular recess a of I The opposite end a of the casing is provided midway with a large opening a nearly corresponding in height with the height of'the d s though, I

positioned somewhat higherv up. This opening a should similarly be understood to i extend through both,walls of the-end a of the casing, as is'again apparent in Fig. III. I

The upper extremity ofthe end a is provided with arecess a; similar to the recess a A door. or perhaps more properly a.

removable panel a is adapted to closethe' opening a when affixed as -hy'screws a.

The upper and lower edges of the panel. a

are provided with six equally spaced I grooves, those above being designated as a" and the lower ones as a. Each superposed Pair of grooves a" and a is disposed in than 6 with a pipe I) -inlet neeaeee the same endwise plane as one of the openngs al These grooves are best seen 1n Fig. 11, such parts as are broken away having been so shown for the very purpose of disclosing them.

Seated and suitably packed Within the re cesses a and a. so as to effectually close with a manifold b opening the upper end of the casing A and be in turn partially enveloped thereby is an elongated storage tank B of smaller capacity has heretofore been generally employed. One end of the tank, namely the left end, is provided with a conduit inlet 6'. ,-Above, a pipe 12 will be presumed as leading to the faucet. The outlet 1) communicates by means of sensitive embodying the September 1 f,

tube of a snapcontrol thermostat invention'of H. J. Long, filed 1914, Serial No. 861,511.

While this manifold has six outlet openings corresponding with and spaced as the grooves 01." connections withonly one will be described. Connected with the outlet of the manifold b is the male part b' of the common type of union. The female part b I p of this union is supported upon the upper I i I) through which the water travels down- I wardly,

tending portion which a drain cock b is connected. This through the grooveafter the travel of the water is upwardly sitioned portion of the water cock projects outwardly extremity 6" passes through the and carries the female part-'b f and next a directly downwardly ex- 1) leading'into. a T b to a as isshown in.Fig'S II' and 111. Therethrou h straight alternately inclined sectionsv and return-bends b opening a of another union. The male part b of such union is I likewise connected with one of the inlets of a' manifold 6 which is inturn connected at communicating with the I a A series of bafile sheets constitute an important though. not indispensable feature even of'this exemplification of my invention. As here utilized they coact not only to compe'l a long zigza travel of the gases of combustion ending y passage along the entire extent of the bottom of the storage tank to keep it heated, but also to shed such small a flange connection 12* provided below with anb intended for the insertion of the a facility v conduit. This The outlet operation of a. thermostat condensation as occasionally collects on the upper cold water portion of the conduit.

These baffles may be seen in Figs. III and IV to extend from opposite ends of theheater casing and to be alternately inclined upwardly in opposite directions. The uppermostof such baffies b is carried solely y the casing just below the stack opening a so as to "be spaced a given distance from l the other end. This particular bafi'le therefore compels the gaseous elements to pass the bottom of the tank B. The other along -five allies-are all designated as b and rest upon different interjacentsections of the conduit, preferably as appears in the drawing.

It should now be manifest that owing in part to the configuration of so much of the water conduit as is disposed within the con fines of the caslng, and in part to the provision of the removable panel a any one of the interior conduit units may be with- 1 drawn through the opening a nection from the manifolds b and 6 section of the conduit which has developed a flaw or for any other reason, furthermore be accomplished independently or without disturbing in any wise the connection of any other conduit section.

A plurality. and in this n instance four burners C, .have inlet ends 0' extending through the tremities suitably mounted upon the supports a The burners C each carry a plurality of enlarged, laterally projecting and removable stools o Secured to the inlet ends a outwardly of the end a of the easing, is a mixing valve 0 connected by av pipe length 0 with a gas manifold 0 leading,

through the'agency' of a bent pipe connection a, to a valve '0 in connection with the source of fd 1 supply. The operation of the 'of thermostat 0 earller referred to and adapted-- by means of a flexible connection o to ac In this manner a which comprises a sensitive tube 0 tuate the valve'stem "a". heater construction is provided which is'instantaneous and automatic in its action and such automatic action is dependent upon the through the agency of water pressure. This isbelieved to be new stantaneous water heater, the new result attained being, an arrangement whereby a. thermostat is enabled to turn 'on the gas as soon as'water is drawn from the storage after discon- Thus is occasioned of removlng any 9o and this may as. applied to an. in-' openings a and opposite exvalve a is controlled by means of the type 1w rather than tank and which tank is ofsufiiciently small capacity as compared with the heating capacity of the interior water conduit and burners in a storage supply of water is constantly maintained at .a predetermined temperature with a minimum of waste by radiation ofv heat therefrom.

12h g I their relation to each other, that the-circulation of water, a casing, a conduit inlet and of the second mentioned passage,

Iclaimif v I 1. In apparatus for heating and'causing system therein which includes; a passage having a downward direction from its inlet to its discharge end, a second passage located below the first and having an upward direction from its inlet to itsdischarge end, a duct connecting the lower discharge end of the first mentioned passage with the lower and a storage tank connected with the upper inlet of said first mentioned passage and with the upper outlet of said second mentioned passage; a burner below said passages, a fuel valve for controlling the'supply to said burner, and a thermostat operatively connected with said conduit and with said fuel valve, and adapted to control the latter in response to variations of temperature in the former, the arrangement being such that the coldest Water is trapped in the lower-. most part of said conduit upon each automatic cessation 0f-heat from the burner.

2. An automatic instantaneous heater construction comprising a casing,-

I automatically operating means comprising" heating means in communication therewith,

a water conduit above said'heating means,

a hot water storage tank carried directly by said casing and in connection with opposite ends of said conduit, said tank being adapted to absorb heat from said casing, and

, a thermostat set in one of said connections for controlling said heating means, the full .capacity of said tank being comparatively small with reference to theheating capacity of the conduit whereby a predetermined,

temperature of the entire supply of water in said tank may be economically maintained and a given measure of hot water may be immediately drawn from said .tank without lighting said heating means. I

3. A combination automatic storage and instantaneous comprising a gas burner below, a valve for said burner, a conduit abovesaid burner adaptedto conduct'a changing supply of water to be instantaneously heated to such degree and in such quantity as to satisfy normal demand, a hot waterstorage tank disposed above for fulfilling limited normal as well as abnormal demand, said tank beingconnected with said conduit and with a service faucet, a casing enveloping both conduit and tank whereby to reduce the radiation of heat from the latter, and a ther- I mostat for operating said valve to one or the other of its extreme positions and adjusted and arranged to functionate automatically only after a predetermined minimum drop in temperature whereby a given amount of water may be drawn from the tank without flashing on said burner.

4:. In an apparatus for heating and causwater' water heater construction ,ing the circulation of water, a closed endless conduit system which includes a zig-zag I passage comprising elongated 'interjacent I portions and having a continuously downward direction from its inlet to its discharge end, a second zig-zag passage comprising elongated interjacent portions located below the first and having a continuously upward direction from its inlet toward its outlet end, and a duct which connects the lower discharge end of the first mentioned passage and the lower intake end of the second mentioned passage, a gas burner located belowsaid passages, a comparatively small elon-.

gated tank located above and connected with both of said passages, an elongatedinclosing casing which embraces said passages tank and burner, anda thermostat controlled by the temperature of the water above both of said passages and operatively connected with said burner whereby a predetermined storage supply is maintained at a. constant temperature both because such supply is at automatically regulated intervals in the path of the heat units and because in circulation with said heated passages.

5. A combination instantaneous'and storage water heater construction comprising a casing, burner, a valve controlling the supply of fuel to said burner, a water conduit disposed within said casing and above'said burner and pilot for-continuously furnish ing normal demand, a hot water storage tank carrledabove so as to intersect the path of. travel of the heatunits' and connected with the inlet and outlet of said conduit and v with a service faucet, said tank being of small capacity relative to the heating capabilities ofsaid conduit for instantaneously furnishing a I predetermined minimum as well as abnormal demand; and a thermostat operatively connected with the circulating system and actuated by the resultant change in temperature of the water therein either by radiation of a predetermined amount of heat or drawing of a predetermined amount of water therefrom, for operating said valve' to one or .the other of its extreme positions.

6. gravity circulation .water heater compr1s1ng a casing, a water conduit theresaid burner, the value of the ratiobetween the amount of flow gallons that can be so 115" a in for delivering a given flow, a burner be- I of the flow through said conduit whereby to continuously fulfil normal demand, a stor* age tank located above and connected with said conduit, said tank being mal demand, the ratio between the number of gallons representing the capacity of said tank and the number of thermal units absorbed by the water in the conduit to furnish normal demand .being definitely'estab-.

lished, a valve for said burner, and a thermostatic device for automatically operating said valve in response to a change of predetermined range in the temperature of the water supply, whereby to simultaneously satisfy a limited abnormal demand from said storage supply.

8. An automatic instantaneous and storage water heater unit of not less than three gallon normal (instantan eously heated) capacity, comprislng' a casing, a. gravity circulation water conduit therein.

having a capacity to deliver a given minimum flow, a gas burner below to deliver heat units capable of raising by a standard number of degrees the initial temperature of the flow through said conduit with consideration of its size, whereby to meet normal demand, a storage tank carried directly by said casing connected with said conduit, said tank being of relatively small capacity and purposed for supplying abnormal demand; with a range of variation in the of relatively- .small capacity solely for supplying abnorftionedtube, and a storage tank ratio between the number of gallons representlng the capacity of said tank and the number of gallons emerging from said conduit per minute for furnishing normal demand being established between definite limits, a valve for said burner, and a snapactin thermostatic device operativel cons necte near the bottom of said tank fbr automatically actuating said valve in response to a predetermined change of temperature of the storage supply whereby the temperature of the water in bothtank and conduit is determined by the automatic control of. said burner solely by said thermostat.

9. In apparatus for heating and causing the circulation of water, a casing, a conduit system therein which includes; a zigzag tube having a downward direction from its inlet to its discharge end, a second zigzag tube located below the first and having an upward direction from its inlet to its discharge end, a duct connecting the lower discharge end of the first mentioned tube with the lower inlet end of the secondmenextendin over the said zig-zag tubes and connecte with the upper outlet of said second mentioned tube; baflles alternately projected fromopposite ends and forming a zig-za flue passage, a burner below said tubes an in communication with said'flue passage, a

,fuelvalve for controlling the supply to said burner, and a thermostat operatively'connected with said conduit and with said fuel valve, and adapted to control the latter in response to variations of temperature in the former, the arrangement being such that condensation is shed from the upper and v entirely avoided upon the lower of said tubes during the repeated automatic ignition of. said burner whereby to prolong the life of said tubes in the manner specified.

FREDERICK D. SCHNEIDER.

Signed by me, this 28th day of August,

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