US1229951A - Jack. - Google Patents

Description

T. B. HATCH.

JACK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5,1916.

1 95 1 D Patented J une 12, 1917.

TRACY B. HATCH, OF SOUTH PASADENA, CALIFORNIA.

TACK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 191?.

Application filed July 5, 1918. Serial No. 107,487.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, TRACY B. HATCH, a citizen of the United States, residing at South Pasadena, in the county of Los Angeles, State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Jacks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to devices for raising heavy bodies; such as jacks for raising automobiles and the like. And the invention consists primarily in the provision of means for utilizing and expanding fiuid as the motive power in the jack or the like.

lit is a primary object of this invention to provide a simple and eflicient mechanism for raising heavy bodies without the use of manual power and without the use of power derived from some exterior source.

I explain my invention as applied particularly to an automobile jack, but it will be understood that my invention is not limited to this particular and specific use. In such a preferred specific embodiment of my invention, I provide a suitable cylinder and plunger, one movable with relation to the other. Preferably the plunger is adapted to be moved upwardly bythe pressure of gases generated by an explosive substance; and the explosive substance is preferably provided in the form of a cap or shell. Means are also provided for catching and holding the plunger at its highest position; and means are further provided for initially adjusting the height of the jack so as to adjust the upper end of the plunger, or the shoe carried thereby, against the underside of the body to be raised.

The. features of my invention will :be readily understood from the following specification wherein I explain the details of a preferred form of embodiment of my inv vention, references being had to the accompanying drawings in which:

The figure is a vertical longitudinal section of a preferred form of automobile jack embodying my invention.

In the drawings the numeral 10 designates any suitable base in and on which I place a cylinder 11. This cylinder 11 is the one which I refer to as being relatively stationary; but it is slightly vertically adjustable in the base 10 and is held at difi'erent heights by means of a pawl 12 which engages with teeth 13 on the exterior of cylinder 11.

The cylinder 11 has a longitudinal vertical bore 14, in which a plunger 15 fits as tightly as is consistent with free vertical motion. The major portion of this plunger is provided with free vertical motion. The ma or portion of this plunger is provided with annular grooves 16 of such form that a shoulder 16 is formed at the upper side of each groove adapted to be engaged by the spring pressed pawl 17. When the plunger moves upwardly this pawl 17 catches under a shoulder 16 and prevents the plunger returning downwardly. The upper end of the plunger carries a suitable shoe 20; and it is the function of the adjustment at 13 to move this shoe 20 up against the body to be raised, as the axle of an automobile, before the device is operated to force the plunger l5 upwardly in the cylinder bore 1 1.

The lower end of plunger 15 is provided with a bore 21 adapted to receive a percussion cap or shell 22. When the plunger is in its normal position, the shell 22 is in operative relation to the firing pin 23. This firing pin is vertically movable in the lower end of the cylinder 11, its upward movement being caused by operation of a small foot lever 24, pivoted at 25. A sharp downward pressure of the foot on lever 2r causes movement of the firing pin and detonation of the shell. The gases created by the detonationexpand first in the lower end of the bore 1 1, and force the plunger 15 upwardly. The lower part of the plunger 15 is provided with circumferential grooves 26 which materially impede leakage of the gases upwardly around the plunger; and the annular grooves at 16 also have this same eifect.

The nature and amount of the explosive charge may be so regulated that, with a given weight to be raised, the plunger will be moved upwardly to a certain definite height; but in no case will the charge be heavy enough to carry the plunger completely out of the cylinder 11. But in order to insure the plunger from being projected too far upwardly, especially where the jack may be used for hoisting bodies of various weights, I provide an exhaust port at 30 of sufficient capacity to exhaust the ases quickly immediately the lower end of the plunger has passed the port. This insures that the lower end of the plunger will not move much above the port.

There are several advantages obtained by placing the shell in the lower end of the plunger. The shell is automatically removed from the bore by the explosion; and the'insertion of a new shell involves only the simple operation of entirely withdrawing the plunger and placing the shell within the bore 21. Placing the shell in the end of the plunger, and therefore within the chamber where the explosion takes place, makes it unnecessary to use any kind of breech-lock, as would be the case were the shell inserted in the ordinary manner.

It is an inherent advantage in my apparatus that it entirely does away with the manual labor usually attending the raising of an automobile or the like; and my device has further advantages of simplicity and cheapness of construction and simplicity of use and operation.

Having described a invention I claim:

1. A jack embodying a. relatively stationary cylinder and a removable plunger therein, means to hold an explosive charge in the plunger, and means to detonate the charge.

2. A jack embodying a relatively stationary cylinder and a movable and removable plunger therein, means to adjustably support the cylinder, means to hold an explosive charge in the end of the plunger, and means to detonate the charge.

3. A jack embodying a relatively stationary cylinder and a movable or removable plunger therein, means to catch and hold the plunger against downward movement, means to hold an explosive charge in the end of the plunger, and means to detonate the charge.

4. A jack embodying an upright relatively stationary cylinder and a plunger therein, adapted to move upwardly in the cylinder, means to hold-the plunger against downward movement while allowin its upward movement, means for adjusta ly supporting the cylinder, and means to cause ex pansion of a fluid in the cylinder below the plunger.

5. A jack embodying an upright relatively stationary cylinder and a plunger therein projecting from the upper end of the cylinder, ratchetmeans to catch and hold the plunger against downward movement, means for adjustably supporting the cylinder, the lower end of the plunger having a bore for reception of an explosive shell, and firing means carried by the cylinder in operative relation to a shell in said plunger bore.

6. A jack embodying an upright relatively stationary cylinder, ratchet means to preferred form of my catch and hold the plunger against downward movement, means for adgustab'ly supporting the cylinder, said means embodying ratchet teeth on the exterior of the cylinder and a stationary pawl adapted to engage said ratchet teeth, the lower end of the plunger having a bore for reception of an explosive shell, a firing pin carried by the cylinder in operative relation to a shell in said plunger bore, and means to actuate said firing pin.

7. A jack embodying a relatively stationary cylinder and a plunger therein, the cylinder having an exhaust port through its wall at a point somewhat above the normal position of the lower end of the plunger, means to hold an explosive charge in the end of the plunger, and means to detonate the charge.

8. A jack embodying a stationary base, an upright cylinder vertically adjustable on said base, means for adjustably supporting the cylinder embodying ratchet teeth in the exterior of the cylinder and a pawl mounted on the base, the cylinder having an exhaust port near its upper end and being closed at its lower end, a plunger in the cylinder projecting from the upper end thereof, annular shoulders around the plunger, a pawl carried on the upper end of the cylinder to engage under said shoulders to hold the plunger from downward movement, the plunger having a shell receiving bore in its lower end, a firing pin in the lower end of the cylinder in operative relation to a shell in said bore, and manually operable means to actuate said firing pin.

9. A jack, embodying two members in the form of a cylinder and plunger one of which is relatively stationary and the other relatively movable, means to detonate an explosive charge in the cylinder to cause relative movement of the cylinder and plunger, and means to prevent relative movement of the cylinder and plunger opposite to that caused by the explosive action.

10. A jack embodying two relatively movable members in the form of cylinder and plunger, means to adjustably support one of said members. means to detonate an explosive charge between the members to cause relative movement of the members. and means to prevent relative movement of the two members opposite to that caused by the explosive action.

In witness that 1 claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 28th day of June, 1916.

TRACY B. HATCH.

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