US1229405A - Rotary valve for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

0. M. BRADLEY.

ROTARY VALVE FOR iNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLlCATION FILED DEC.19. I914 Patented June 12, 191?,

wzm eases in verz to Patefited June 12, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2' C. M. BRADLEY. NOINNY VALVE F041 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

d APPLICATION F| LED DEC 19. 1914. Nmmm M m ease-5 3 1m C. M. BRADLEY.

ROTARY VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I9, I9I4- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PatentedJune12,1917.

n; row 1. mm i W? l} we e" i. r i "cu m l liell lill GHAELES M. BRADLEY, U HARVEY, ILLINOIS, ASlEIGN OF ONE-HALF T0 JAMES 3.

- ELLIS, (J1 HARVEY, ILLINOIS.

RUTAEY VALVE FUR INTERNAL-COMBUSTIQN ENGINES.

13".; (all whom it may concern.

Be it known that l, Cinemas M.- BRADLEY,

u, citizen of the United States of America,

' which the following is a specification.

The main objects of this invcntion are to provide an improved form. of rotary valve oncl valve seat for internal combustion .cnglues adapted. to coact to control both theinlet and the exhaust of the respective cylinders of the engine; to provide an improved a1"- mngoment of said valve and valve seat with respect totlue engine cylimler whereby the cooling emu is caused to circulate around said parts in such manner as to insure a sulo stantielly uniform temperature of the valve and valve seat whereby the expansion or contraction thereof is practicelly the some;

to provide improved means for "allowing for the escape of steam which be iormccl in the c'etenjocket around. seitl valve and valve seat; to provide improved pecking means for said valve to preventlcekogo oi the cooling lluid into the engine cylinder; to provide improved means for diverting; from the engine cylinder any seepage that may pose scicl. pecking means'when the some becomes Worn; curl to provide an improved manner of lu loricet-iug seicl valve.

An illustrative embodiment of this in vention is shown in the ocwmpanying clean! Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the (levice es applicrl to a l cylimler internal comlmstion engine.

Fig. 2 is e detail portly sectional. of the valve.

3 is a transverse sectional elevetion taken on the line -A-A of Fig. 1.

Fig. lis an end elevation tillifiil from the leftof F g. 3., port of: the casing being broken army to more clearly illustrate the. gearing by which the valve is rotated.

Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively sectional and end detail views of tlie pecking glands.

in the construction shown in the air-av" inge, tlie valve 1 is in the form of a hollow cylindrical. element rotetelo mounted in. rd valve sent liorniell in tlie casing Peripheral depressions or we wages are formed in. tlie vnlvc l. ct i11 along its length and {US edo-pr ce. the rc-i...tion of Spccificatiou of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, lQJll 7.

.ll eplico'tiou filed. December 19, 191 2 Serial 1%. ?$78-,U62.

valve, to successively open communication between the inlet and exhaust ports and. the respective cylinders The casing 7 in which the valve 1 is journeled is herein shown esan integral part of the cylinder heads of the cylinders C, C and (J Inlet ports 21 and exhaust ports 22 are formed in the casing 7 at opposite sides of the valve 1, and are successively brought into communication with the respective oorts 19 through registration therewith of the valve passages 12., Thus the infiowing and outflowing gases coineinto contact with the some surfaces of the valve 1, namely, the Walls of the passages 2.. The advantages of this are two-fold; the incoming fuel contacting with the heated surface of the passages 2 is more readily converted into a. gaseous form at a temperature that will-fa itete the ignition thereof; also this action of incoming fuel will tend to cool the heated part of the valve.

Au inlet manifold 30 and the exhaust manifold 28 are arranged to communicate With the inlet and exhaust ports, 21 and 22 respectively. i

The driving mechanism for rotating the valve comprises a sprocket 1 2 secured by a key QSto the valve 1 at one end thereof and connected by suitable sprocket chains 31 to the crank shaft of the engine. The sprockets which unconnected by the chains 31 are of such sizes as will give the'necessary relative rotation of the velvewitli. respect to tile crmk shaft for properly opening and closing the ports. A casing of separable parts 1'? will 18 surrounds the sprocket l4, and serves as a bearing for the adjacent end of the velv 1. The casing is preferably mecle of light material, such as aluminium,

"ecorl a suitable bushing is therefore set l! of the sprocket housing is shaped to form the outlet 27: for the cooling fluid, :1 nose or other connection being secured thereto for connecting with. the radiator. The cooling of the valve 1 anti valve casing '7 is accomplished by circulating water around and through vol For this purpose a weter jecket i3 formed in'the casing 7 surrounding the valve 1' at ell points oetween the ports-.- 19., one. 22 eml'is in (lirect comm-.inicetr with the Water-jacket F'linclcrs G i U and C lhe valve 1 terminates inwardly of the ends of the casing 7, and the sprocket housing 17, and serves as the only outlet for the cooling fluid in its passage from the water-jacket 13 to the outlet 27 leading back to the source of supply. The water enters the valve from the water-jacket 13 through the end 5 and passes out through the end 6 into the outlet passage 27. The ('on'miunieation with the inlet end 5 and the valve 1 is indicated by dotted lines at the right hand end of Fig. 1. The cooling fluid is taken into the lower part of the cylinder water-jacket 13 either by the therino-siphon method orby pump, and as it becomes heated finds its way to the top of the water-jacket 13 in the valve casing 7. By reason of the fact that there is no other outlet for the water, itv passes from the jacket 13 into the end 5 of the valve 1, passing therethrough into the discharge passage 27. Thus the water circulating in' the water-jacket 13 and through the valve 1 is at substantially the same temperature so that the expansion or contraction of the valve is at all times substantially the same as that of the valve casing. thereby maintaining, the fit. of the valve in its seat. Any other course for the cooling water would not accomplish this result.

In other forms of engines, steam accumulating in the upper parts of the water-jacket and for the escape of which no special means are provided, must pass out through the fluid outlet in the same course that the fluid does. This usually results in a crackling and rumbling noise in the water-jacket. In, the device herein shown this is overcome by forming a small duct or orifice 16 in the sprocket casing '18 connecting thehighest point of the water-jacket directly with the fluid outlet 27. This orifice is very small in cross-sectional area (from to l" in dia meter) and although at low temperatures, water will flow out therethrough, yet at high temperatures any steam forming in the 4 upper part of the jacket 13 may readily escape without affecting the flow of the fluid through its regular path. Ina construction of this kind, where itis absolutely emential to have the water flow from the valve casing through the valve in a steady uninterrupted stream of maximum volume in order to insurev uniform cooling of the casing and valve, this provision of allowing forthe escape of steam insures against the formation of steam pockets in the jacket; ot'th valve casing or in the valve, which would interfere with the flow of water and result in an uneven cooling of the valve and its casing. The arrangement of the valve hereinbefore described involves the necessity of packing the same so as to prevent the leakage of the cooling fluid into the cylinders. This is accomplished by means of packing glands 3-3 threaded externally so as to screwed into the ends of valve 1 and having annular flanges fitting the valve seat and between which and the ends of the valve packing rings 44* are compressed. The opposed faces of the valve ends and flanges are tapered so as to urge the packing outwardly against the valve casing. The packing glands are provided with hexagonal openings adapted to receive a suitable wrench by which they may be tightened or loosened, as occasion' nayrequire.

In order to further insure against the leakage of the cooling fluid into the cylinders, anannular groove 8-8 is formed in the valve casing 7 adjacent t'dthe ends of the valve 1, but inwardly of the packing rings 4-4 and from which ducts 12-12 lead to the exterior of the casing. Should there be any seepage of cooling fluid past the packing rings 44 due to their becoming worn, it would be. arrested by the grooves 8-8 and directed by the ducts 12-42 to the eX- terior of the engine casing. The annular groves S8 are partly incomplete near their upper portionso as to leave bearing surfaces along the whole surface of the valve to prevent the deposit from the cooling liquid increasing the size bf the valve 1, and thereby interfering with its removal. The trickling of water from the ducts 12-12" would be a signal that the packing glands. need tightening.

A flange or ridge 9 is formed in the easing 7 alipve and along the valve 1 opposite the ope ings .19, and is provided with a key-hole. shaped slot 9 (Fig. 3) extending the entire length thereof, which forms a part of the means for lubricating the valve 1.

The eircular'ipartof the key-hole shaped slot 9" is continuous throughout its length,

but tllGn-TOVQI' part is interrupted by obstructions 10 integrall formed with the cats ing 7 directly above t e ports 19 in position to register with and cover the passages 2. These obstructions prevent communication between the key-hole shaped ,slot 9 and either the inlet ports 21 and exhaust ports 22, which in the former case would cause a quantity of lubricating oil to be admitted to the inlet ports 21 and then be drawn into the cylinders, and which in the latter case would allow some of the exhaust gases to be ad- 'mitted to the key-hole sha ed slot and to find their way with consi erable pressure into the upper part of the oil slot and-to escape through other passages 2 simultaneously registering with the slot. In either case the qualit of the fuel mixture would be deteriorate to a greater or less extent. By virtue of the obstructions 10 pockets are formed in the lower part. of the slot 9, which are capable of confininga quantity of the lubricant so that in case the engine 1811135111 tained in an inclined'position for a considerable period of time during its operation, the

masses oil will not loo allowed all run to one end of the valve. To insure a more equal distribution of the oil, the-lower part of the slot 9 between the obstructions may he loosely packed with asbestos or other suitable packing. A plurality of threaded apertures ii are located in the casing 7 directly above the obstructions 10, to which may be connected means for supplying, the lubricant. This arrangement of oil slot with a plurality of feed ducts insures a more uniform distribution of the lubricant over the entire surface of the valve.

The openings 20 in the rear wall of the water jacket and 20 in chain housing cover are closed by means of plates 934 245" and plugs 25 f secured. therein. The plugs 25-425 are adapted to he removed when it is desired to insert a Wrench for tightening the glands 3- When. it is desired to remove packing glands entirely, it is necessary to remove the plates Mr-24L.

Although but one specific embodiment of this invention has been herein-shown. and described, it will he understood that some of the details of the construction shown be altered or omitted. without departing from the spirit of this invention as defined by the following claims.

I claim: i l

1. in an internal combustion engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, a valve casing extending across said cyliiulers and having ports communicating with each of said cylinders and adapted for the admission of gases to and the discharge thereof from said cylinders and having other ports leading respectively to inlet and exhaust passages, and a cylindrical valve rotataloly mounted in said casing and having passages formed therein. arranged to rcgi tcr with said-ports so as to successively open communication between said cylinders and the respective inlet and exhaust passages, said, casing having a longitudinally disposed oil passage extending substantially throughout the length thereof and having slots elongated in the direction of said oil passage and providing communicatirn be tween said passage and the periphery of said valve substantially throughout that part of the valve which is intermediate said valve passages, said casing also having a plurality of oil supply ducts connecting with said oil passage at points intermel'liate said elongated slots through each of which oil is adapted to'he continuously supplied to said passage.

2. in an internal comhustion engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, a valve casing" extending :u-ross said cylinders and having ports colnmuuicuting with each ol said cylinders and adapted For the ad.- mission of gases to and the discharge there- 'of from said cylizulcrs and having other throughout the ports leading, respectively to inlet and exhaust passages, a cylindrical valve rotatalily mounted in said casing and having passages forinel therein arranged to register with said ports so asto successively open communication between said cylinders and the respective inlet and exhaust passages, and a ridge formed along the top of said valve casing and having an oil passage formed therein extending substantially length of said valve and having slots elongated in thedircction of said oil passage and providing communication between said passage and the periphery of said valve substantially throughout that part of the valve which is intermediate said valve passages, the parts of said casing which separate said elongated slots providing obstructions covering; said valve passages, said elongated slots being adapted to -retain packing, therein, said ridge having a plurality of transverse oil supply ducts connecting with said passage at points located above said obstructions through each of which oil is adapted to he continuously supplied to said oil passage.

3. in an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a valve casing having separate inlet and exhaust ports and a common port for the admission of gases to and the discharge thereof from the cylin der, a hollow cylindrical valve rotatably mounted in said casing and having: a passage formed therein adapted to successively open communication between said common port and said inlet and exhaust ports, a

water jacket surroundingsaid valve casing and communicating with the water jacket of said cylinder. said cylindrical valve coinmunica tingg at one end with the water jacket of said-valve casino and forming the outlet passe for the cooling fluid. and means for packing the ends of said valve for preventing the leakage of cooling: fluid from said Water jaclrct into said engine cylinders, said casing having: grooves tormed thenein inwardly oi said packing means land having a duct leading therefrom whereby any seepage of cooling fhiidthrough said packing}; is drained away. l

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a valve casing having separate inlet and exhaust ports and a common port for the admission of gases to and the discharge thereof from the cyl- -inder, a hollow cylindrical valve rot-stably and forming the outlet passage for the coolto the outside ing fluid, packing glands threaded externally so as to screw into said valve, an annular flange on said glands adapted to fit into the adjacent part of said valve casing and engage packing between said flange and the end of said valve, said Water jacket having openings in the rear Wall thereof in alinen ent with said valve seat through which said glands are adapted to be in- 10 serted or removed, plates for closing said openings, and plugs threaded into said plates and adapted to be removed to permit said glands to be reached for adjustment.

Signed at Chicago this 16 day of Dec. 1914.

CHARLES M. BRADLEY.

' JAMES B. ELLIS.

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