US1229163A - Concrete building apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

C. STIELER.

CONCRETE BUILDING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION man NOV. 9. I916.

Patented June 5, 1917.

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WITNESSES:

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CONCRETE BUILDING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9,1916. 1,229,163.- Patented June 5,1917.

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C. STIELER.

CONCRETE BUILDING APPARATUS.

APPLICATKON FILED NOV. 9. 1916.

1,229, 1 63. Patented. June 5, 1917.

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WITNESSES: INVEN TOR.

ATTORNEY.

CARL S'IIELER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

concnn'rn BUILDING APPARATUS.

Application filed November 9, 1916.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CARL STIELER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ghicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Concrete Building Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to concrete building apparatus and has for its primary object the provision of improved means whereby such structures as chimneys, tanks, and the like, may be molded from concrete. More particularly, my invention contemplates the construction of tapering chimneys and tanks. 0

A further object of my invention is to provide means whereby the framework of my invention may be supplied with a plumbing device by means of which an accurate center may at all times be maintained; following each successive elevation of the apparatus during construction of the chimney, for instance.

A further object of my invention is to provide means for accurately centering the inner and outer shells of the mold about said plumbing device.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a frame and means for accurately curving both the inner and outer shells of the mold, while maintaining both shells concentric with the plumbing device.

A further object of my invention is the provision of means whereby the mold may be supported from the interior of the finished portion of the work and adjustably mounted thereon, so that a proper alinement of the mold with the finished work may at all times be maintained in order that a uniform taper in the chimney or other structure may result.

A further object of my invention is to provide apparatus of the character described, in the use of which concrete may be elevated through the center of the structure being built, and all building operations carried on without the necessity of outside scaffolding or ladders supported from the ground.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a collapsible frame, platforms carried thereby for convenience in finishing the exterior of the structure being built, and network for safeguarding workmen Specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 130,312.

from falls and for preventing material from dropping upon those working beneath the apparatus.

. l/Vith the above and other objects in view, this invention consists substantially in the combination, arrangement and construction of parts all as hereinafter described, shown in the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, and illustrate the preferred embodiment of my invention, and more particularly set forth in the subjoined claims.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a plan view of my invention, together with a plan view of an interior scaffolding normally employed therewith.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, with the scaffolding removed for clearness.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of my invention, illustrating in connection therewith the above mentioned scaffolding and a block and tackle device, for raising the apparatus after each pouring of concrete, has solidified; this figure also shows portions of the chimney in course of construction, part of the chimney being broken away and part sectioned.

Fig. A is a horizontal section approximately on the line 4E4L of F ig. 3, showing in dotted lines an adjusted position of the upper platform; the lower platform and net being omitted for the sake of clearness.

Fig. 5 is a section taken approximately on line e tet of Fig. 3, with both platforms omitted and illustrating in cross section the chimney being built, while exhibiting in plan view the net construction.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view of the collapsible platform showing a portion of the net employed, and, in section, the upper and lower platform boards.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of two adjacent platform boards, illustrating the manner of connection between them.

Fig. 8 is a section approximately on line 99 of Fig. 8 illustrating the form of connection between the collapsible platform frame and the outer shell of the mold.

Fig. 9 is a horizontal section taken approximately on line 1010 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary View of Fig. 9, omitting the chimney body and illustrating in detail the form of connection between segments of the inner and outer shells.

Patented June 5, 1917.

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of one of the supporting arms employed in my invention, together with a pair of clamps threaded thereon.

Fig. 12 illustrates in front elevation one of the clamps shown in side elevation in Fig. 11. a

Fig. 13 is a detailed view of one of the inserts employed to support the legs of my apparatus from the interior of the structure being built.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that a plurality of inserts such as shown in Fig. 13, were inserted inthe upper portion of the lower completed section of concrete, these inserts bearing numeral 20; in

threaded engagement with each of these inserts is a bolt 21 which engages an eye formed at the lower end of each of a plurality of supporting legs 22. Preferably these legs comprise the rods 22 having threaded adjacent ends and oined by means of a turn buckle 23. The upper ends of the;

legs 22 are preferably formed with eyes or similar apertures, and are secured by means of bolts or rivets to an annular angle iron 24 which forms the uppermember of the i 'amework of my invention. Preferably this angle iron has one of its webs disposed horizontally, as indicated in Fig. 2, and the other web depending from the inner edge of the horizontal web. By this means: a very rigid annulus is provided upon which the inner and outer shells of the mold are supported in a manner to be hereinafter described.

The remaining portion of the main framework of my invention consists of a lower annulus comprising a circular angular iron 25 similar in construction to the annulus 2-1 and secured to the annulus as by means of uprights 26. The annuli 2 l and 25 are spaced one above the other a distance approximately that of the height of the inner and outer shells of the mold. It will thus be seen that the framework of my invention approximates a vertical cylinder. 1

Across this cylinder, preferably at its upper end, I provide what have termed a plumbing device, consisting of a slotted cross bar 27, provided at its center with a device 28 from which depends a plumb line 29 (see Fig. 3) carrying a plumb bob 3 by means of which the device 28 may be accurately centered at all times above the center point 31 of the base of the chimney.

By reference to Figs. 1 and 2 it will be seen that the slotted'cross bar. 27 is secured to the upper annulus 24 by means of short brackets 32 and'bolts 33. Byloosening the bolts the cross bar 27 may be adjusted in any direction so as to bring the de ice 28 into: plumb with the point 31, following which the bolts may be tightened: This.

action permits the centering of the device 28 regardless of any eccentricity between the annulus 2 and the axis of the chimney.

As best illustrated in Fig. 1, my invention comprises a mold made up of an inner wall 3% and an outer wall 35, these walls being spaced apart a distance equal to the desired thickness of the chimney or tank wall. the grout or other mixture is poured. The walls 3iand 35 are supported at their upper edges upon the upper annulus 24 of the main framework. The supporting means comprise arms 36 (see Figs. 1 and 11) carrying clamps 37 (see Fig. 12). The inner end of each arm is preferably flatand provided with a plurality of perforations for engagement by bolts (38) which pass also through perforations in the horizontal web of the upper annulus 2 l. The plurality of perforations in the inner end.

It is between these two walls that of each arm 36 admits of the lateral adjustment of the inner and outer walls with respect to the annulus, while the bolts 38 secure the arms 36 to the annulus 24 from which they radiate substantially horizontally. The remaining portion of each arm 37 is threaded preferably throughout and carries the clamps 37 by means of which the distance separating the inner and outer walls is gaged, and by means of which, also, the inner and outer walls are accurately centered about the plumbing device 28.

It will be noted that the inner and outer walls 34: and 35, are, as best illustrated in Fig. 9, constructed of segmental pieces preferably many in number, in order that for each elevation of the mold one or more pieces may be withdrawn from the walls in order to secure the tapering necessary in a chimney or similar structure. The walls or shells 34--35, will, of course, have a difference of curvature following each withdrawal of one or more segmental pieces, inasmuch as the diameter of the mold will after each such withdrawal be shortened. In .order to accurately curve each wall throughout its circumference so that, while concentic with the device 28, the mold shall not present an oval or elliptical shape, I provide for each arm 36 a pair ofadjustable links 39 carried on a traveling nut 40, and a pair of adjustable links 41. By means of the links 39, which exert either a pull or a push, accurate curvature of the outer wall 35 is procured. It will be noted that the outer ends of the links 39 are joined to the traveling nut 40 by means of a pivotal connection, while their inner ends are hooked and engage eyes 42 formed in projections 4-3 which are carr'ied about the upper-edge of the wall 35. In a similar manner the inner wall 34 is accurately curved about the center 28 by the links ell, which may exert a pull or a push as required, and which are bent into hooks at each end, the inner ends engaging apertures provided in the flat portion of each arm 36 and the outer ends engaging apertures 4% let into cars 15 which are formed upon the upper edge of the wall It will be understood that there are a plurality of arms 36 each of which is provided with the devices just above described, and that these arms are suitably spaced about the circumferences of the mold and frame.

l ieferring again to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the lower edge of the wall 3% is prevented from collapsing, under the weight of the concrete poured into the mold, by means of adjustable braces 46 which abut, at their outer ends, against the inner circumferencc of wall and at their inner ends are bent into hooks i7 which engage apertures formed for the purpose in the horizontal web of the lower annulus 25.

As best illustrated in Fig. 10, the sections of the outer shell 35 are joined by means of a 'l' iron 43, while a. similar T iron l9 serves to join the sections of the inner wall 34. In order to provide means whereby the outer surface of the last completed section of the chimney may be smoothed and treated by the workmen, a collapsible scaffolding is provided which hangs from the lower ends of the T members 48. The connection between the scaffolding and the members -18 is best seen in Figs. 4-, 6 and 8, where it will be seen that the projecting web of the T is embraced by the upper bifurcated end 50 of a scaffold arm 51 which hangs down from the lower end of the T a distance approximating the length of the last finished section of concrete. The scaffold arm 51 at its lower end turns outwardly as at 52 and then upwardly as at F or further supporting the outer end of the scaffold arm a scaffold member 5 is provided, which at its lower end engages the arm 51 where the portions 52 and 53 meet, in a pivotal connection, and is offset at its outer end to provide a horizontal board supporting portion, and is further l'iifurcated as at 56 where it embraces the upper end 50 of arm 51. The brace 5 1 is pivotally connected at its lower end as at 57, to the lower portion of the arm 51; while at its upper end it is pivotally connected to the members 48 and 50 by means of the pivot bolt 58. My invention is provided with a plurality of these scafiold arms 5i and braces 5%. It will be noted that as the chimney tapers the scafi'old arms 51 will gradually approach each other at their lower ends. In other words, each arm 51 will at all times lie against the outer surface of the chimney regardless of the diminisher size of thechimney as the work progresses. The upper horizontal end 55 of each brace 5-1: supports a series of platform boards 59,

while the lower reach 52 of the scaffold arm 51 supports a similar series of platform boards ('30. These platform boards are, of course, for the convenience of workmen in surfacing the outer face of the chimney, after th mold has been raised from the hardened concrete. The ends of these boards 5960 (see Fig. 7) are slotted, as seen in Fig. 8 and engaged by bolts 61 by means of which they are retained in position about the chimney and are prevented from becoming separated and from falling.

Supported by the lower reaches 5253, of the arms 51 is a net, generally indicated at A. This not consists of suitable cords passed through apertures provided in the reaches The outer cord is provided between each pair of reaches 53 with a stout spring 62, by means of which the net is prevented from dropping at its outer edge and thereby losing what objects fall into it as the taper of the chimney diminishcs the diameter of the net and consequently the distance between the members W ere it not for these springs 62 the diminished diameter of the chimney and scaffolding would cause the outer edges of the net to droop between each pair of reaches 53.

Throughout the drawings, reference letter B indicates concrete in section, while C indicates generally the ordinary scaffolding structure built within the chimney as the work progresses, and employed both for elevatin concrete and for lifting the apparatus of my invention from one position to the next.

In the operation of my invention, it will be assumed that one or more sections of the chimney to be constructed of concrete have already been poured and set. In the pouring of the uppermost of these sections the plurality of inserts 20 (see Fig. 13) are inserted, as shown best in Fig. 2, in the upper portion of the section being poured. i l hen this section has hardened, the apparatus of my invention is elevated into position for pouring the next superposed section by means of the scaffold C, following which the bolts 21 are passed through the eyes in the lower ends of the legs 22 and secured into the inserts 20. By manipulation of the turn buckles 23 the upper annulus 2-l is brought to an accurate level, in order that the upper edges of tie shells 3%35 may be leveled therefrom. Following this, the bolts 33 are loosened and the slotted cross bar 27 is adjusted until the plumb bob device 28 is accurately centered above the point 31 (see F 3), following which bolts 33 are tightened. In this manner is obtained a center at the top of my apparatus from which lateral adjustment of the shells is made, so that they are concentric wit-h the axis. lV'ith the device 28 centered, this adjustment of the shells is obtained as follows: The bolts 38 are loosened and withdrawn from the upper frame ring 2% and the clamps 37 are rotated about the arms until they are spaced apart on each arm a distance equal to the desired thickness of the chimney wall, following which they are placed in engagement with the upper edges of the shells The arms are now adjusted laterally of the ring 24 until the shells 3 l35 are accurately centered about the device 28, following which the bolts 38 are inserted and tightened. The apparatus may now be released from the scaffolding and tackle C. Inasmuch as the shells 3d35 are formed of thin metalgenerally in practice being about inch thick-it becomes necessary to correct their curvature following the withdrawal of one or more sections of the shells for the purpose of tapering-the chimney. The links 39 and ri are provided for this purpose, and by lengthening or shortening these links the curvature of the shells 3l35 is corrected, inasmuch as the arms 36, to which every link is secured at one end,are all rigidly connected to the rigid framework of the apparatus; thus, for example, if we look at the lowermost arm 36 in Fig. 1, it will be seen that, should the outer shell 35 be curved about too short a radius at this point, a shortening of the links 39' will flatten out the curve by forcingthe outer clamp 37 against the outer side of the shell, and will draw more distant portions of the shell outwardly. By reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 9, it will be seen that, the lower edge of the inner shell 34L may be accurately centered about the axis of the chimney, and likewise prevented from collapsing under the-weight of the concrete poured into the mold by means of the adjustable braces l6, which are anchored at their inner ends to the lower frame ring 25, and connected at their outer ends with the inner surface of the inner shell.

By supporting my apparatus from the interior of the chimney, a great saving of labor and of loss of life is procured. It is to be noted that the connection between the supporting legs '22 and the framework of the apparatus is near the top of the apparatus, whereby the whole device is hung from a series of annularly spaced supports, thereby giving it a more stable character than would be the case if for instance the le s 22 were connected at their upper ends to the lower portion of the apparatus. An important feature of my invention is the adjustability of the various parts by means of which the shells 3 l35 may be accurately positioned to maintain the proper taper and alinement of the chimney, even though the inserts 20 be not all in the same horizontal plane. Thus, regardless of the relative heights of the inserts 20, manipulation of the turn buckles 23 will enable the operator to accurately level the upper ring 2 L of the framework. If the inserts are not in the same horizontal plane this will result in shifting the ring 24 into eccentric relation with the axis of the chimney. But the adjustability of the apparatus obviates any difficulty from this eccentricity, because an accurate center may be obtained through the cross bar 27 and the plumb bob, and with this as a center the adjustable arms and links permit of a truing up of the mold, both laterally and vertically, as well as a proper curving of the shells i-Xnother-important part of my invention is the self-adjusting scaffolding depending from the outer shell. 35, and best illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6. Though the chimney is very wide at the bottom, the scaffold arms 51 will continually drop against the finished sections of the chimney as the work progresses upward and the chimney tapers, thus preventing .any aperture between the scaffold and the chimney; even should the pivotal connections at 5657 (see Fig. 6) be i.

quite stiff, the action of the springs (52 will insure a close relation'between the net A and the chimney. The springs 62," likewise prevent any such droop in the outer edges of the net as would permit a workman or object dropped into the net to roll out and fall. The platform boards 59-60are readily adjusted into close contact with the chimney by loosening the bolts 61 and moving the boards inwardly. This collapsing scaffolding is a prime necessity in the construction of chimneys and tanks for the reason that the outer surface of the chimney must be smoothed, as the work progresses, and the scaffold arms 51 and the boards 60 provide a safe and con cept in so far as the same is made a part of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In concrete building apparatus, the combination witha frame, of inner and outer shells carried thereby, and legs one end of each of which is connected to the top of the frame and the other detachably connected to an anchor element on the inside of a previously molded wall section.

2. In concrete building apparatus the combination with a frame, of inner and outer shells carried thereby, and legsspaced about said frame and supporting it, said legs being anchored to the finished work and being adju'stable to permit leveling of the frame.

3. In concrete building apparatus the combination with a frame, of inner and outer shells carried thereby and legs detachably connected at their lower ends to the finished work, said frame being carried on the upper ends of the legs and depending therefrom.

I. In concrete building apparatus the combination with a frame, of inner and outer shells depending from the upper portion of the frame, and longitudinally adjustable legs detachably connected at their lower ends to anchor elements on the inside of the finished work, and supporting the frame at its upper portion on their upper ends.

5. In concrete building apparatus the combination with a frame, of inner and outer shells depending from the upper poriiou of the frame, and legs com prising turnbuckles anchored at their lower ends to the finished work and su 'iportiug the frame at its upper portion on their upper ends.

(3. In concrete building apparatus the cmubiuatiou with a frame, of inner and outer shells around the frame and depending from the upper portion thereof, and. legs comprising turn-buckles disposed between the frame and the inner shell, anchored at their lower ends to the finished work, and supporting the frame at its upper portion on their upper ends.

7. In concrete building apparatus the combination with a frame, of inner and outer laterally adjustable shells carried thereby, and longitudinally adjustable legs anchored to the finished work and supporting said frame.

8. In concrete building apparatus the combination with a hollow frame open from top to bottom, of inner and outer laterally adjustable shells carried thereby, and longitudinally adjustable legs anchored to the finished work and supporting said frame.

9. In concrete building apparatus the combination with a frame, of inner and outer shells carried by the frame and adjustable laterally thereof, a plumbing device carried by the frame and adjustable laterally thereof, and legs anchored to the finished work and upon which the frame is supported, said legs being adjustable to permit leveling of the frame.

10. In concrete building apparatus a frame open from top to bottom comprising upper and lower annular angle irons, uprights connecting said irons, and radially extending supporting arms carried by the upper annulus.

11. In concrete building apparatus, a frame open from top to bottom comprising upper and lower annular members, the upper member comprising an angle iron having one web substantially horizontal and the other web depending from the inner edge of the horizontal web, uprights connecting said members, and radially extending supporting arms carried by the upper annulus.

12. In concrete building apparatus the combination with anchor elements, of a rigid frame, adjustable supports connecting the frame and anchoring elements whereby the frame may be leveled, a plumb bob device carried by the frame, inner and outer mold shells, and devices adjustable with respect to the frame and said shells, whereby the shells may be adjusted laterally of the frame.

13. In concrete building apparatus the combination with anchor elements, of a rigid frame, adjustable supports connecting the frame and anchoring elements whereby the frame may be leveled, a plumb bob device carried by the frame, inner and outer shells, devices adjustable with respect to the frame and said shells, whereby the shells may be supported by and adjusted laterally of the frame, and adjustable links connecting remote portions of said shells to said devices, whereby the curvature of the shells may be varied.

14. In concrete building apparatus, the combination with av frame of supporting elements whereby said frame may be leveled, a plumb bob device adjustably carried by the frame, inner and outer mold shells, and supporting arms extending radially of the frame and upholding said shells, said arms being adjustable with relation to the frame and with relation to the S16llS, said shells being also adjustable with relation to each other upon said arms.

15. In concrete building apparatus, the combination with a frame of supporting ele ments whereby said frame may be leveled, a plumb bob device adjustably carried by the frame, inner and outer mold shells, and supporting arms at the upper portion of the frame extending radially thereof and joined to the upper portions of said shells, said arms being adjustable radially of the frame and likewise radially of said shells, said shells being adjustable with relation to each other upon said arms, and adjustable braces anchored to the lower portion of said frame and engaging the lower portion of said inner shell.

16. In concrete building apparatus, the

ries of arms depending from said outer shell,

at their lower ends, extending radially out ward, and a net carried by said arms.

18. In concrete building apparatus, the combination with inner and outer shells forming a mold, of a scaffold comprising arms pivotally suspended from said outer shell and extending radially outward, platform boards surrounding the object being built and supported upon said arms, and a not supported by said arms and surrounding said object.

19. In concrete building apparatus, the combination with inner and outer shells forming a mold, of a scaffold comprising arms pivotally suspended from said outer shell and extending radially outward, plat form boards surrounding the objects being built and supported upon said arms, and a net supported by said arms and surrounding said object, said not including a coil spring in its outer edge between each pair of arms whereby said outer edge is tensed at all times.

20. The combination with an annular mold for concrete, and means for supporting the same upon the structure being built, of a scafiold pivotally suspended from said mold at a point juxtaposed to the object being built, surrounding the object, and movable by gravity against said object when the object is reduced in diameter.

21. The combination with an annular mold for concrete, and means for supporting the same from the interior of the structure being built, of scaffold arms suspended from the outer wall of said mold, depending therefrom and extending radially thereof at their lower ends, and a net carried by said outward lower ends of the arms, and comprising a tension spring between each pair of arms whereby said arms are forced inwardly at all times against the structure being built.

22. The combination with an annular mold for concrete, and means for supporting the same from the interior of the structure'being built, of scaffold arms suspended from the outer wall of said mold, depending therefrom and extending radially thereof at their lower ends, and a net carried by said outward lower ends of the arms, and comprising a tension spring between each pair of arms whereby said arms are forced inwardly at all times against the structure being built, and whereby the outer edge of said net is held taut at all times.

23. In concrete building apparatus, the combination of inner and outer shells forming an annular mold, said outer shell comprising segmental sections and substantially vertical T irons connecting said sections, scaffold arms pivotally connected to and depending from the lower ends of said T irons and extending outwardly of the axis of the mold at their lower ends, and means carried by said arms for supporting objects upon the exterior of the structure being built.

24. In concrete building apparatus, the combination of inner and outer shells forming an annular mold, said outer shell comprising segmental sections and substantially vertical T irons connecting said sections, scafiold arms pivotally connected to and depending from the lower ends of said I irons, and extending outwardly of the axis of the mold at their lower ends, braces pivotally connected to the upper ends of the said arms and pivotally connected to their lower outward extensions, platforms carried by said arms and said braces, and a net carried by said arms.

25. In concrete building apparatus, the

combination of inner and outer shells forming an annular mold, said outer shell comprising segmental sections and substantially vertical T irons connecting said sections, scafiold arms pivotally connected to and depending from the lower ends of said T irons, and extending outwardly of the axis of the mold at their lower ends, braces pivotally connected to the upper ends of the said arms and pivotally connected to their lower outward extensions, platforms carried by said arms and said braces, and a net carried by said arms, comprising tension elements which maintain the outer edge of said net taut and force said arms constantly against the structure being built.

26. In concrete building apparatus, the combination with a threaded supporting a "m, of inner and outer flexible shells, clamps threaded upon said arm and connected to said shells for proper spacing of the shells, a pair of adjustable anti-clinal links carried on the outer end of said' arm and connected to the outer shell at opposite sides of the arm, and a pair of adjustable anti-clinal links carried upon the inner end of said arm and connected to said inner shell at opposite sides of the arm.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

CARL STIELER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner. of Patents Washington, D. G.

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