US1228857A - Reversing device for oil-engines. - Google Patents

Description

C. W. WEISS.

R-EVERSING DEVICE FOR 01L ENGINES.

APPLICATION mzn 11mm 1916 Patented June 5, 1917.

mvenmr:

CARL W. WEI-S3, 0F BRCWOKLYN, NEW YORK.

REVER$ING DEVICE FOR OIfl-ENGINES.

Specification ofLetters Eatent.

Application filed June 1, 1916. Serial No. 101,132.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL "W. VVEISS, a citizen of the United States, and residing in the borough of Brooklyn of the city of New York, county of Kings, in the State of New York, have invented certainnewv and useful Improvements in Reversing Devices for Oil-Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

This invention relates generally to reversible oil engines and is concernedparticularly with the provision of improved reversing the cylinder and thereby create a pressure above that for which the cylinder was designed. Again, such controlling apparatus for starting and reversing has often been associated with means for by-passing .the fuel but this arrangement is objectionable foe the reason that the speed gradations, such as are ordinari obtainedby manipulation of the throttle, cannot besecured by a simple by-pass valve. In cutting ofi the fuel suddenly from the cylinder in this manner, not only are strains imposed upon the engine but the compressed air for reversingis apt to be thrown into the cylinder before the speed has dropped, with uniform retardation, to a point where reversal can be effected without undue shocks. The disadvantages of the structures noted briefly are overcome by the present invention by associating the reversing devices operatively with the throttling devices so that the two can never be placed in such relative conditions that injury to the motor or unsatisfactory operation can ensue. In the accompanying drawings very simple means for realizing the improvements have been illustrated but it will be evident as the description proceeds that some other operative connection between the throttle and reversing lever may be devised and serve the same function as the safety locking lever illustrated herein. Thebroad objects of the invention having been pointed Patented June 5,1917. v

out, it remains to describe the illustrative embodiment shown in the drawings, -in

which,

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of afour-cylinder oil'engine to ,which the in vention is applied.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary detail view, in-

plan, and on a somewhat larger scalev show-- ing the relative disposition of the throttle;

and reversing lever and the interposed safety locking lever.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view, in

elevation, of the devices shown in Fig. 2.

In the interest of clearness, there has been illustrated in the drawings, a four-cylinder.

oil engine a to which the invention is applied but it is to be understood that the improved devices are applicable generally to internal combustion engines of any type. At one end of the crankcase a of the engine a there are supported, as through suitable brackets a and a an oil distributer b and an air distributer c the construction of which is immaterial so far asthis invention is concerned. The controlling valves in these distributers may carry on their stems b and 0 spiral gears b and 0 adapted to mesh with a common gear 03 carried on the crank-shaft dor operatively engaged therewith. The fuel oil may be supposed to pass tothe oil distributer Z2 from a suitable source of supply 6 through a pipe c and be led from the distributer to the respective cylinders a through distributing pipes 72 all in substantially the manner well known. The oil supply may be controlled at the distributer b by means of a suitable throttle lever f with which is carried a segment f for a purpose which will appear later. i

In much the same, manner as described with ,.-.'respect to the controlling and distribution of the oil to. the several cylinders, 7

there is provided a source of compressed air, indicated at g, from which the air is led to the distributor 0 through a pipe 9' and this air finally passes to one of the cylinders a through the appropriate distributing pipe 0 and in proper time relation to the cycle of operations within the cylinders. The flow of air to the" distributing valve in the casing c is controlled by what may be termed a reversing lever it, although it will be understood that by manipulation of this lever the air is permitted to pass to the cylinders a for starting the engine or for reversing it."

5 in the drawings, the air is cut off from the adistributing pipes c and the lever h lies substantially parallel to the throttle lever f, the

' median position of which serves to place the oil distributing pipes b in .communication with the oil supply.

so far as described, there'is no particular relation between the oil distributer b and the air distributer 0 except that the controlling valvestherein are operated in unison from the crank-shaft d. But even this harmonious operation would not prevent the attendant from so manipulating the throttle lever f and the reversing lever h as to throw comressed air, say at about the usual pressure of 150 to 175 pounds, into one of the cylinders at the time when the piston was about to commence its compression stroke. If the pressure of the air were thus added to the compression pressure the engine would be zsjsubjected to an internal pressure far above that for which it is designed and the danger of. a serious accident would be great. Again, if compressed air were admitted into the cy'linders wjthout regard to the cycle of operations going on therein or the speed of the engine the results would be equally disastrons were the air opposed to the operating force. It is the principal object of this invention to provide positive safety locking devices which shall be so related to the fuel controlling devices and the air controlling devices as to prevent their being placed in such relative conditions as to permit injurious or unsatisfactory operation of the engine under any circumstances. ,As noted before, the specific character of these improved safety devices may be altered through wide ranges and the invention of the illustrated embodiment retained. However, there is shown. in the accompanying drawings a simple locking lever which is operatively interposed between the reversing lever 72. and the throttle lever f andso associated therewith that neither of these controlling levers can be so manipulated as to bring about dangerous or unsatisfactory operation of the engine. The locking lever i, as shown, is pivotally mounted adjacent" its mid-section on a pivotepin. 2" carried on a bracket a fixed to the crank case a between the brackets a and a for the distributers b andc, respectively. One end of the lock ing lever i has a beveled nose 2' which cooperates with the segment f of the throttle lever While the other end of the lever has a. simllar nose 11 for cooperation with a reversely beveled boss 71 formed on the under face of the reversing lever h.

'In operation, with the throttle lever f in asits cut-oflt' position, the starting lever k can assess? be moved from its median position to the ahead position thereby admitting compressed air into the proper cylinder for starting the engine. ahead. After the engine has been turned over in this manner the throttle will be manipulated to admit the fuel into the cylinders and when it is thus manipulated the edge of the segment f will engage the beveled face of the nose 2' on the locking lever i so as to cause this nose to ride up on the circular portion of the.

segment and thereby rock the lever to a position where the other nose i will lie in the path of the beveled boss h When the starting lever h is then moved to its median position to cut 05 the air, it will be evident that it will be held against movement to reversing position by the engagement of the boss with the nose 71 Of course, during operation of the engine with the boss in the position described the attendant may move the starting lever h to the ahead position but such movement will serve only to admit compressed air to the cylinders in such relation to the moving pistons as to have no effect thereon and be exhausted at each exhaust stroke. If now, it be assumed that the engine is to be reversed, the segment f must be carried out of engagement with the nose 7? of the locking lever z in order that this lever may rock sufliciently to permit the nose i to be carried out of the path of the boss 7L To effect this release of the locking lever i, the throttle lever f must be turned to a position where the fuel is cut off. During this movement, the fuel will be gradually throttled until, when the segment has moved out of engagement with the nose 1?, the engine will have been slowed down by a uniform retardation, to a point where the air can be safely admitted to efiect the reversal without injury or undue shock. After the curved portion of the segment f has been moved out of engagement with the nose 2, the reversing lever k may be thrown to the back position during which movement the beveled nose i will ride idly over the beveled edge of the boss 72?. Movement of the lever 71,. to either the ahead position or the back position may be limited conveniently by means of lugs 7c on the upper face of the distributer c. The reversal just described evidently cannot be brought about except when the fuel is cut off from the cylinders since the locking lever engages the boss 7L2, norcan this re versal be effected until after the engine has been slowed down in the usual manner by movement of the throttle valve to its outoff position. After the air has been admitted to effect the reversal in the manner described, fuel may then be admitted into the cylinders for operation of the engine by moving the throttle valve again to its median position. In returning to its median position the segment f will engage the beveled nose 2' and throw the safety lever to its locking position and with the nose i again in the path of the boss if but on the other side thereof, so that the reversing lever k cannot be moved past the nose 7? to the ahead position. And so, after each manipulation of the levers f and k, the look ing lever is automatically released from or fixed in safety position, according to the positions of said levers, thereby insuring against the creation of conditions within the cylinder in which dangerous or unsatisfactory operation might ensue. The controlling leverlt for the air may always be moved to admit air in proper phase relation to the cycle of operations but it can never be moved to a position in which the compressed air will be opposed to the compressive or explosive force within the cyllnders.

As indicated hereinbefore, it will be obvious to the skilled mechanic that other devices for operatively connecting or looking the levers f and h, or their equivalents, can be substituted for the simple safety lever 2', without loss of any of the advantages herein described, but all such modified constructions are to be deemed within the spirit of this invention provided the stated objects are realized and the modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an internal combustion engine, in combination with a source of fuel, an in dependent source of compressed starting medium, means to control the fuel, independent means to control the compressed medium for starting and reversing, and devices operatively interposed between said means for locking one of said means against movement to a certain predetermined position relative to the other of said means when the other of said means is in predetel-mined position.

2. In an internal combustion engine, in combination with a source of fuel, an independent source of compressed starting medium, a throttle lever, an independent starting and .reversing lever for the compressed medium, and means operatively interposed between said levers for locking one of said levers against movement to a certain predetermined position relative to the other of said levers when the other is in predetermined position.

3. In an internal combustion engine in combination with a source of fuel, an independent source of compressed starting medium, means to control the fuel, independent means to control the compressed medium for starting and reversing, and devices operatively interposed between said means to lock the controlling means for the compressed medium against movement to a position in which the compressed medium would be admitted to oppose the fuel while the fuel is being admitted.

4. In an internal combustion engine, means to control the fuel, means to control the compressed medium for starting and reversing, and devices operatively interposed between said means to lock the controlling means for the compressed medium against movement to one actuating position While the fuel is being admitted, while permitting free movement thereof to the otheri position.

combination with a source of fuel, an independent source of compressed starting medium, means to control the fuel, means to control the compressed medium for starting and reversing, and a locking lever in-- terposed between said means and operative to hold said means against movement to certain predetermined relative positions.

6. In an internal combustion engine in combination with a source of fuel, an independent source of compressed starting medium, a throttle lever, an independent lever to control the compressed medium for starting and reversing, and a locking lever interposed between said levers and operative to hold them against movement to certain predetermined relative positions.

In an internal combustion engine in combination with a source of fuel, an in; dependent source of compressed starting medium, a throttle lever, a segment thereon, an independent lever to control the compressed medium for starting and reversing, a reversely beveled boss on the starting lever, and a locking lever interposed between said first named levers and having its ends disposed to cooperate with said segment and boss, respectively, to maintain the throttle lever and starting lever in predetermined relative positions.

8. In an internal combustion engine in combination with a source of fuel, an in dependent source of compressed starting medium, a fuel distributer, a compressed air distributer, a single gear to drive said distributers in unison, a throttle lever, an independent starting and reversing lever, and a locking lever operatively interposed between said first named levers to prevent the simultaneous admission of fuel and air under objectionable conditions.

This specification signed this 26th day of May, A. D. 1916. 4

CARL W. WEISS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

5. In an internal combustion engine in' ssl

Images