US1224354A - Grinding-mill. - Google Patents

Description

L. BOUTARD.

GRINDING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED Aue.21.1913.

Patented May 1, 1917.

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L. BOUTARD.

GRINDING MILL.

APPLlCATION FILED AUG.21. 1913.

Patented May 1, 1917.

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GRINDING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED AuG.21.1913.

1,224,354, Patented May1,1917.

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L. BOUTARD.

GRINDING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.2!. 1913. 1,224,354.

Patented May 1, 1917.

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L. BOUTARD. GRINDING MILL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.21, 1913.

1,224,354. Patented May1,1917.

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LOUIS BOUTARD, or LA rERTn-soUs-JoUARRn, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO socrn'rn GENEBALE MEULIERE, or LA FERTE-SOUS-JOUARRE, FRANCE, A CORPORATION OF FRANCE.

GRINDING-MILL.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS BOUTARD, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at La F-ert-sous-Jouarre, Seine-et-Marne, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grinding-Mills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its subject matter a grinding mill for milling, of the roller or cylinder type having pairs of milling rollers (hereinafter called cylinders). The improved mill is so constructed as to allow of easy regulation of the separation of the cylinders of each pair, by bringing about the displacement of the upper cylinder, whereas in mills as heretofore constructed it is the lower cylinder which is movable and which is separated from the upper cylinder, which fixed. The new arrangement has the advantage of reducing considerably the effort necessary for this operation of regulation, and also of permitting the use of springs less powerful than those in the mills at present employed, in order to obtain the tightening of the cylinders of one pair against the other; the weight of the upper cylinder in fact is added to the pressure of the spring in place of opposing it as heretofore. Moreover there is a considerable economy of power effected, since the shafts of the cylinders turn more freely in their bearings on account of the reduced pressure which they support.

Another essential peculiarity of this new mill is that the operating lever which determines the raising of the upper movable cylinder of each pair and produces at will the tightening or loosening of the cylinders of a pair, brings about at the same time the clutching or unclutching of the distribution of the grain or of the merchandise (according as the pairs of cylinders work as crushers or as converters); it controls also at the same time the brushes and the scrapers which detach from the cylinders the material which adheres thereto.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a transverse sectional View of one side of the machine;

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the other side of the mill.

Fig. 2 is partially a front elevation and partially a longitudinal section;

Fig. 3 is partially a side view of the operating lever in its lowered position;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on a larger Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 1, 1917.

Serial No. 785,852.

scale along the lines 4l-4: of Figs. 1 and 2, it contains especially the mechanism for clutching and unclutching.

Fig. 5- is a side view of this mechanism; Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show also on a large scale details of one of the axes upon which the arms supporting the upper movable cylinder can be displaced; Fig. 6 is a side view, Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section along the line 7-7 of Fig. 6, and Fig. 8 is a transverse section along the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

- Fig. 9 is a detail of the control of the scrapers.

Fig. 10' is a vertical transverse section through part of the casing on the line 101O in Fig. 11; v

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary elevation of Fig. 10.

Fig. 14: is a transverse section along the line 1l14 of Figs. 12 and 13.

The frame A. is of a single piece of cast iron, the external transverse faces connected by an internal partition B which divides the capacity of the mill into two parts completely independent, which assures an absolute rigidity and a silent running free from all vibrations; the partition B moreover allows of grinding upon the same apparatus two different products without mixing them in the bolting, which avoids the inconveniences which wooden partitions of existing mills present, of allowing the contained materials to pass through the cracks. The feeding hopper, in one piece with the frame, is of cast iron, and has not the inconveniences of wooden hoppers which get out of shape. The inner walls of the frame are doubled on the inside by wooden linings C (Fig. 2).

The four cylinders of. this mill, D E for each pair, of case hardened cast iron, are arranged obliquely in order that the grain or the merchandise coming from the distributing rollers F G may fall directly on the line of contact of the cylinders D E, which does away with the arrangement of inclined planes which demand frequent cleaning, and do not allow of a regular feed of the material (grain or grits) uponthe cylinders.

An essential feature isthat the regulation of each pair of cylinders is brought about by the raising of the upper cylinder D, which very considerably reduces the effort of operation. The axle a of the upper cylinder D of each'pair rests in the bearings I) carried by arms H fulcrumed upon axles 0; upon the extremities of these arms H act springs I arranged at the upper extremity of rods J (each provided with a regulating device) which are ,controlled by the axle K at the lower part of the mill. There is a like system for each pair of cylinders as in present mills, with this difference, that in existing mills the springs act from below the lower crushng cylinder which is movable in order to raise it against the upper cylinder which is fixed, while in the mill forming the subject matter of this invention the springs I exert their effect upon the upper movable cylinder inorder to press it toward the fixed lower cylinder. It results from this arrangement that the springs I can be less powerful because the pressure between the cylinders which is necessary to bring about the work, is not exerted solely by these springs, but also by the weight itself of the upper cylinder mounted in the movable bearings, while in present mills the weight of the movable cylinder, which is the lower cylinder, acts against the effect of the lifting of the springs. Consequently since for the same work there is need of a small tension of the springs, there is a considerable economy of the power exerted resulting from a better rotation of the shafts in bearings which practically support only a very reduced pressure as compared with existing systems. The distribution of the material to the cylinders D E is brought about by the two cylinders F G moving at differential speeds, the circumferential speed of the roller G is two and one-half times that of the roller F, and by a sluice M movable and balanced by external springs (Z acting upon the arms 6 fixed to the extremities of the axle 71 which carries the sluice M. This sluice is thus urged against the roller F and opens only under the influence of the weight of the material in the hopper; the amount of the opening is then proportionate to the quantity of contained material, but is limited as to its maximum by the stop screws M which are set forward or turned back at will. The material distributed in regular layers upon the cylinders F G is always visible through the glass door 00 of the hopper, and falls directly between the two cylinders E at their line of contact.

In the drawings the cylinders D and E are shown of substantially equal diameter. The axis of the cylinder D is shown 10- cated on a plane slightly above the highest part of the periphery of the cylinder E. The distributing roller G, which is shown in the illustration of much smaller diameter than that of the cylinders, is located above 'of the roller, the grain falls directly into the bight of the cylinders. Slowing down of the volume and speed of the feed causes the grain to fall more on the cylinder E. The grain is then easily taken care of by such cylinder. If the axes of the cylinders were on a horizontal plane, feed in excess of that delivering at the line of contact would cause the grain to strike the cylinder D at such position and angle that some of it, if not all, would bounce off and be spilled. By arranging the axes of the cylinders on a plane oblique to the horizontal such spilling is impossible. The greater the speed at which the grain is fed from the roller G, the higher up it strikes against the cylinder D. This cylinder rises to such a height that excessive delivery speed of the grain cannot cause the grain to engage the cylinder D high enough to spill over.

Of the two distributing rollers F G it is the lower cylinder G which is revolved by means of the pulley N provided with a friction clutch; the clutching or unclutching can be produced in two ways, manually or automatically; the manual operation is brought about by means of a lever 0 whose hub O (see the detail in plan Fig. 4 and in side view Fig. 5) effects the longitudinal dis placement ofthe axle 7 which carries the unclutching fork 9 when one pushes upon the handle it of this lever O this longitudinal displacement of the axle 7 results from the fact that the hub O has on its left surface (Fig. 4) normal to the axle f, a boss with an inclined slope i which on being removed from theseat j formed in the support P, follows the normal face of this support and displaces the clutching fork g, and consequently the internal frictional plane. The hub O is loose upon the axle 7; but it presses by its right face upon the piece m which forms a nut fora screw is with a steep pitch, preferably with a double thread, which is formed on the extremity of the axle f. This displacement toward the right (Fig. 4t) v of the hub O of the lever 0 displaces therefore the piece m and consequently the axle f. 7

The nut m is integral with the lever arm 71 connected to a rod 0. It is this rod 0 which being operated as will be explained hereafter, automatically produces the clutching and unclutching which has just been explained, since the angular movement of the nut m acts by means of the screw 76 upon the axle f and displaces this axle longitudinally.

The two rods J which control the raising of the upper cylinder D acting upon cross pieces or arms H are controlled by the cranks p of the operating axle K; the latter carries fixed upon it to one extremity outside the frame, an operating lever Q arranged in such a way that on lowering this lever the two rods J are caused to rise, which produces the separation of the crushing cylinders; the closing together of the cylinders takes place when the lever Q is in the position shown in Fig. 1. At the extremity opposite to that which receives the said lever Q the axle K carries a toothed sector 9 which meshes with another sector g (Fig. 1) which carries a pin 1" engaging the unclutching rod 0. It is understood that when the lever Q, is lowered the rotation of the axle K produces at the same time with the movement of the upper cylinder by means of the rods J, the rotation of the sectors 9 g, and consequently the downward displacement of the rod 0 the latter then acts upon the nut m which displaces in its turn the screw 70 of the axle j which produces the unclutching of the distributer cylinders and the stopping of the feed.

The movement of the lever Q, is limited in its two extreme positions by a counter lever B turning about an axis u, and which is provided with a groove 8 in which slides a stud t integral with the lever Q. The different pieces of this regulating movement for the crushing cylinders form always an undeformable triangulated system which insures against the parts getting out of their proper relation.

If it is desired to fix the lever Q in an intermediate position between the two extreme positions which correspond to the position of the stud t at the two extremities of the groove 8 of the said lever, use is made of a wheel S acting as a screw upon the stud t and clamping the lever against the counter lever, the stud being stopped at a point along the groove intermediate of its extremities.

The control by the sectors 9 g above described can be replaced in apparatus of small dimensions by a simple bell crank.

If after mounting the apparatus it is found that the fixed and movable cylinders D E are not absolutely parallel, a defect which often is the cause of bad working of a cylinder mill, this defect can be remedied by means of the following arrangement :-Each of the axles c which carry the arms H (see details Figs. 6 to 8) is conical and carries keyed upon it an eccentric u about which swings the movable arm H; by turning a key introduced over the squared end c of the axle c the arm H is displaced, and this impresses upon the upper cylinder D a movement of translation which permits of placing it in a position parallel with that-of the fixed cylinder E. When this parallelism is obtained and in order to avoid derangement, the position of the axle c is fixed by means of a ring :0 which has a square hole exactly fitting upon the square part of the axle and fastened to the frame by means of screws y.

If an axle c wears loose it may be tightened by turning an adjusting nut 2 (Fig. 7).

There have been explained above two functions which are simultaneously accomplished by the working of the lever Q mounted upon the axle K, namely, the adjusting together or separating of tie crushing cylinders, and the clutching or unclutching of the distributing mechanism; the Working of this lever Q has also the effect of sepa rating from the cylinders the brushes and scrapers when they are not at work (being the Tampico brushes which clean the crush ing cylinders and the scrapers which act against the converting" cylinders). It is clearly seen in Fig. 1 how this result is obtained; where are shown scrapers by way of example. These scrapers T T are carried by plates having counter-weight arms a a and which are pivoted respectively at b b on the inside of the cheeks of the frame. To the two arms of these plates is attached a small chain 00 connected to a small arm (Z fixed by a screw or otherwise, (see-detail Fig. 9) to the axle e of the sector 9 which controls the automatic unclutching. It is clearly seen on looking at the drawing that on lowering the lever Q, there is brought about the rotation of the axle of the said sector in the direction of the arrow in Figs. 1 and 9, and consequently the oscillating of the arms a a and of the scrapers which they support.

The demounting of the cylinders is brought about in the simplest and most rapid fashion (see sections Figs. 10 and 11, the latter showing one of the points of attachment). Itis suificient to unscrew four screws such as h in order to demount the sheet metal U of the lateral face of the apparatus.

The axles 0 which divide the arms H H are mounted upon hubs z" a" of a cast iron frame V which is arranged as in Figs. 12 to 14, these being duplicated on both sides of the mill. This frame V is in reality an oil box which comprises in itself alone the four lubricating ring journals X, X, X for the four shafts of the distributin rollers, and the bosses P (see Fig. 4) whic guide and support the axles f for the automatic and manual clutching of the distributing cylinders. This arrangement allows of very great precision in the construction of the apparatus, and avoids all displacement during the running.

The invention is not limited to all the details of mechanism shown and described, as these may be substituted by equivalent devices according to any special requirements.

I claim as my invention 1. In a mill having upper and lower cylinders, the lower cylinder turning in fixed bearings and the upper cylinder in movable bearings, springs acting downwardly upon the bearings of the upper cylinder, and, means for lifting the upper cylinder com prising an oscillating shaft and rods transmitting motion therefrom to the said movable bearings.

2. In a mill having upper and lower cylinders, the lower cylinder turning in fixed bearings and the upper cylinder in movable bearings, springs acting downwardly upon the bearings of the upper cylinder, and means for lifting the upper cylinder comprising an oscillating shaft having cranks,

an operating arm on said shaft, and rods engaging said cranks and communicating movement to the bearings of the upper cylincler.

3. In a mill having upper and lower cylinders, the lower one turning in fixed bearings and the upper one in movable bearings, springs acting downwardly against said movable bearings, and means for separating the cylinders comprising an oscillating shaft, rods operated thereby and communicating with the said movable bearings, an operating handle for, turning said shaft, and a counter lever having a slot-and-pin connection with said handle for stopping it in its extreme positions.

4:. In a mill having upper and lower cylinders, the lower one turning in fixed bearings and the upper one in movable bean ings, springs acting downwardly against said movable bearings, and means for separating the cylinders comprising an oscillating shaft having an operating arm with connections from said shaft to said movable bearings, and means for clamping said arm in position after adjustment.

5. In a mill having cylinders one of which is movable, levers carrying the bearings of said movable cylinder, and adjustable pivots for said levers comprising conical pivot pins, a support having conical sockets therefor, and a screw adjustment for drawing said pins into said sockets.

6. In a mill having grinding cylinders and distributing rollers, driving means for the distributing rollers, an intervening clutch, a cam lever for manually operating said clutch, a screw engagement for operating said clutch, and separating means for the grinding cylinders connected to said screw engagement for unclutching one of the distributing rollers upon the separation of the grinding rolls.

7 In a cylinder mill, means for separating the cylinders, brushes or scrapers for the cylinders, and means for moving them from the. cylinders upon the separation of the latter.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed LOUIS BOUTARD.

Witnesses MARIN VAoHoN, MARIUS MERMAZ.

Copies of this patent may be obtained. for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. C.

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