US1223340A

US1223340A - Automatic valve mechanism.

Info

Publication number: US1223340A
Application number: US85753014A
Authority: US
Inventors: Josiah Francis Johnson
Original assignee: Westinghouse Machine Co
Current assignee: Westinghouse Machine Co
Priority date: 1914-08-19
Filing date: 1914-08-19
Publication date: 1917-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 1934-04-17

Description

'1. F. JOHNSON. V

, AUTOMATIC VALVE MECHANISM.

V APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19. [914. I 1,223,340. Patented Apr. 17, 1917..

2 SHE ETS-SHEET 1.

' IS ATTORNEY I FACT VJ.F.JIOHNSON.

AUTOM AIICVALVE MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. [9. 1514.

1,223,340. PatelitedA r. 17,1911

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.-

IN v /v TOR. I

HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT UNITED stra rns PATENT OFFICE,

JOSIAH FRANGIS JUHNSON, OF EDGEWOOD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGN'OB, TO THE WEST- menonsn MACHINE QOMPANY, A CORPoltATlfilV- OF PENNSYLVANIA.-

AUTOMATIC VALVE MECHANISM.

i To allwhom it may concern: V

Be it known that I, JOSIAH' FRANCIS Johnson, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Edgewood, in the county .0 Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Inventionin'Automa'ti'c Valve Mechanism, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates bines or engines and has for an 0b3ect to -produce improved means 'for'bleeding n10} t'ive fiuidfrom a working pas'sageof a turbine or engine. I

A further object is "to produce an im proved bleeder valve mechanism fordeliver ing motive'fluid to 1nultistage tur-j valve mechanism to' a low pressure stage ofresponse to var1athe turbine or engine in tions inthe pressure of from the intermediate pressure A further object is proved blceder valve mechanism. for delivers the fluid delivered stage.

,ing motive-fluid from a low pressure stage] of turbine" or engine, which is responsive in its operation to variatrolled in the illustrated embodiment of the or working passage tions in the load on the turbine or engine.

These and other objects I attain by means of an apparatus embodying, the features herein described and illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this application. I y in the drawings, Figure 1- is'a vertical sectional view of a multi-stage turbine equipped with a valve mechanism embod'y-' ing my invention. l

Fig. 2 is a sectional View on an enlarged 40 scale of the valve mechanism lllustrated in Fig. 1.

My invention, as'embodicdiin the appa- "ratus illustrated, consists of a valve mocha nism adapted to supply steam for heating or industrial purposes from an intermediate stage ofa turbine to a delivery port or passage which communicates with a heating system or industrial apparatus employing low or intermediate pressure steam. The valve also controls the deliveryoi't steam from the intermediate stage to a working stage of low pressure of the turbine, and is responsive in operation to variations inthe livery port a governor y from an intermediate pressurevworkmg stage of aturbme or eng ne,

- within the turl to produce an im-' from Specification of Letters Patent; Patented A 17', 1917, Application filed August 19, 1914. i Serial No. 857,530

pressure of the steam" delivered to the die or passage. Through certain Bt ranges of, load on the turbine the valve mechanism is responsive, in its operation, to variations in'the'load on the turbine and is adapted to close the delivery port or passage when the load conditions are such that the turbine cannot carry the load and supply steam through the delivery port or passage for heating or industrial purposes,

In Fig. 1, I have illustrated a multi-stage turbine, includingan initial stage 3, receiving motive fluid through a passage 4, from controlled valve-mechanism 5, and delivering motive fluid to an intermediate. stage 6. The motive fluid discharged from the intermediate stage 6 is received by an annular chamber or passage 7, formed iii'ne casing, and is adapted through a delivery port 8 for heating or industrial purposes,' or tl'irough. a series of'ports 9- to an annular chamber or passage 10, which communi cates with the inlet of a low pressure stage 11 of the turbine. 'The delivery of fluid through the port 8, to the exterior of'the tobe delivered turbine, or through theseries of ports'9, to

the low ")ressure sta e of the turbine is corn invention, by a cylindrical balanced valve 13 which operates within a. cylindrical casof ports M, 8,5

ing 13*, provided with a series which communicate with the port 8, and the The valve 13 so proportioned and so located within its casing that the ports 9 areopened as the ports is are closed'andvice versa, the ports 9 are closed as the ports I L are opened, and one set of ports is fully -elosed when the other is-fullybpen In the illustrated embodiment of'the invention, the '95 valve 13 is actuated by apressure responsive agent illustrated.as ,a plunger 15, which 'is located within a cylinder 16, having one end in communication-with the port ,S,through the port or passage '17,";and the other end in communication withtheetmosphere through j a portlS, so that the plunger, is adapted to I; 5 movein response to varying pressures de: livered through the passage 17 and to there-y by proportion the delivery of =motive fluid the chamber 7, through the ports -9 and 14, so as-to maintain a Substantially constant pressure in the fluid delivered through the port 8 or, in other words, to

proportion the delivery of fluid from the chamber 7 between the port=8 and the, low

ally mounted on the stem 23 of the valve 13.

The other end of the lever is pivotally connected to a link 24, which in turn is pivotally connected to the rod 26 of a fluid orl hydraulically actuated piston 26, which will hereinafter be described. I preferably provide a coiled sprin 19, for opposing the fluid pressure 011 the plunger 15, so that the plunger and consequently the valve 13 will move to definite positions corresponding to different pressures; of the fluid delivered through the port 8. tioned: or adjustable weight may be substituted for the spring 19. a

The operation of the valve 13 in response to variations in the pressuregof the fluid delivered by it throng the port 8 is as follows: As long as the pressure 0f the fluid traversing the port 8 is below a determined ordesired pressure, the valve 13 willremain in itslowest position, in-which the ports 9 arevfu-lly closed and the ports 14 are fully opened. All the motive fluid delivered from the intermediate or secondary stage 6 of the turbine will therefore be delivered through the ports 14 and the port 8. As the steam delivered from the stage 6 "exceeds the demand for steam made upon the port 8, the pressure ofvthe fluid passing theport 8 will increase and'after a predetermined pressure is reached the plunger15 will start to move upwardly in response to the increasing 'pressure of motive fluid delivered through the" pawage 17, and will lift the valve 13, there' by throttling the ports 14. and partially opening the orts 9, so that a portion of the motive fluid rom the chamber 7'is delivered to the port 8 and a portion is delivered to the low pressure stage 11 of the turbine' The valve 13 is raised'by the plunger 15 through the agency of the lever 21, which then fulcrums about its pivotal connection with the link 24. The spring 19 may be provided with means for adjusting its tension, and consequently for regulating the automatic operation of the valve 13; it may also be. replaced by an adjustable weight or weights arranged to proportion the lift of the valve 13 to. the pressure of the fluid delivered to the cylinder 16, or it may be weighted so that the plunger 15 and consequently the valve 13 will always move to one extreme position or the other and consequently fully open or fully close 'the ports fluctuate.

A suitably propor- 14. Such an arrangement, however, is not desirable for installations in which the turbine is subjected to variable loads, and pressure in the chamber 7 willwhich the The illustrated embodiment of; the invention is also provided with means such that if the load on the turbine increases to suclr'an extent that the turbine cannot carry it and also supply motive fluid through the p0rt 8,- the valve 13 will move to close the orts 14,

thereby shutting off the supply 0 motive fluid to the port 8, and openthe ports 9 delivering all the fluid from the stage 6 to the ow pressure stage 11. This is accomplished in'the illustrated embodiment by means of the piston 26, which is controlled by a relay valve 27. The valve 27 is in turn controlled by the turbine governor, through a lever 28. 7

As illustrated, the governor rod 29. is'opera-' .tively connected to a lever 31, which is fill, crumed on a bracket 32, ofthe turbine cas-' ing, and is operatively connected to the admission valve 5 of the turbine, bymeans of a link 33, so that the overnor proportions the delivery of motive uid to the turbine in response to variations. in the'speed of or the load on the turbine. With such an arrangement the valve 5 will be opened as the speed of the turbine decreases and the governor shifts the rod 29in thedirection indicated by the arrow in Fig.2. The lever 3l iis' shown as connected, through the agency of an adjustable lost motion connection 34,

with the lever 28 by means of which, the

lay valve 27 is actuated, and the. lost motion connection is so adjusted that a further. mo-

tion of. the lever 31, after the valve 5 has been moved to deliver a maximum amountof motive fluid to the turbineywill shift the relay valve 27 and thereby move the valve-13 to throttle or close the ports 14.

The relay valve 27 is of the usual construction and receives fluid or liquid under pressure through a port or passage 35. Pclivery ofliquid to and the dischargeof liquid from each end of the cylinder 36,, in which the piston 26 is mounted, is controlled by the valve 27, so that the piston is by the liquid pressure in response to vanations in the position of the relay. When the relay 27 is'moved downwardly, in response.

to a decrease in speed of the turbine, it establishes communication between. the inlet port '35and a port 37 leading to the lower end of the cylinder 36- and also establishes communication between a passage 38 lead ing from the upper end of the cylinder 36' and a discharge port 39. An upward movement of the piston 26 will lift the valve 13. through the agency of the lever 21 which,

during the operation of the piston 26, will I fulcrum around its pivotal connection with the link 22. Inasmuch as the lever 28 is connected to the stem 23' of the valve, mo-

- ing the tion of the valve vwill shift the position of the relay 2? and eonsequentlyeach definite position of the relay actuating lever 31 will' cause the valve 13 to occupy a definite posi' tion "with relationto theports 9 and 14- and 13' Will operate in response to variations 1n the ressure of fluid delivered through the blee er port 8 during normal loads Ian-the turbine, but will be governor controlled, or will operate in response to variations in the load on the turbine when the turbine is subjected to abnormal or overloads. The'load responsive operation of the valve 13 is independent of the demand for steam upon the bleeder port 8, and consequently when the turbine is subjected to a determined overload, the relay '2? will operate to lift the valve 13 to fully close the ports 14 and fully open the ports 9 independently ofthe operation of the plunger 15.

It'will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the intermediate or secondary stage 6 of the turhine disclosed, is the equivalent of an indepciuleut high pressure element, such for example, as a turbine or a reciprocating engine receiving steam or motive" -flhid from any source of high pressure, and

discharginp, at atmospheric or any deter mined relatively loivpressure. It will also be ap 'iaroiit that the low pressure stage 1]. the equivalent of an independent low pressure engine or turbine operating on low pressure stean'i or motive fluid received from any source. 'With this in mind itlis evident that a valve euiluulying the features herein described i y he omployedju proportionlivery oil motive fluid from any high pre ,1 dement to any low pressure engine or tur one and to a bleeder. port through which fluid is delivered for heating or commercial purposes. It willalso be evident that the valve mechanism may be emploved ineounection with a paratus, such as described above, out in which the blecder port connects dirertly with the condenser, for the purpose of hy-i iassingssteam or fluid low pressure engine or turbine and delivwiup it directly to the condenser for the purpose of giving the high D'IGSSIII'Q element the benefit of exhausting into the condenser when the load conditions are such that the demand for steam or fluid on the low pressuremigine is reduced.

Tt will also be iuide'rstood that my invention may be employed with 'arious types of turbines or multi-stagc or compound engines, that i'no'tive fluid may be bled from any stage .u-hine or engine and that various means may be employed for ell'ect ing the load responsive control of the hleeder valve. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, omissions and additions may be made in the valve mechanism illustrated, to meet the requirements of different installations and that the pro portioning of the delivery of "fluid from the chamber '7 to the bleeder port and to the low pressure stage of the turbine may be accomplished in various Ways, Without departing from the spirit and :ope of my invention asset forth by the appended claims.

What -I claim is: 1.'In combination with an engine having a fluid delivery port for-bleeding steam froni a low pressure Working passage there of, a valve for controlling the delivery of fluid through said port, means responsive to variations in the pressure of fluid deliveredthrough said port for controlling the operation oi the valve, and a governor mech anism for controlling the delivery oi motive fluid to the engine and for controlling the operation of the valve independent of said means.

2. In coinbii'iation with a multistage turbine having a fluid, delivery port for blood ing steam from an intermediate pressure stage of the turbine, a valve mechanism for controlling the delivery of fluid through the port, and for delivering fluid from'the intermediate stage to a low pressure stage of. the turbine, means responsive to the variations in pressure of the fluid delivered to said port for controlling the operation of the valve mechanism during normal loads on the turbine, and. load responsive means for controlling the operation of the valve independently oi the pressure responsive means during abnormal or overloads on the turbine.

3. In combination with a multistage tur-' bine, having a port for bleeding steam from an intermediate pressure stage, a single valve for controlling the delivery of steam thrr'iugh the port and for delivering steam. from the intermediate stage to a low pressure-"stage of the turbine, said valve being so arranged that the flow of steam to said port is increased as the flow to the low pres-- sure stage decreased and the flow to the lowf pressure stage is increased as-theiiow to the port is decreased, means responsive to the pressure otfluid delivered to the port for controlling the operation of said valve, and a governor mechanism for controlling the delivery oi steam to the 'turhine and for controlling the o 'ieration of said valve indelive of fluid through the port and for. deliverlng fluid from the intermediate stage to a low pressure stage of the turbine, means responsive to the pressure of fluid deliveredby said valve'to said port for controlling the operationof the valve, and load responsive means for controlling the operation of the valve. independently. of the pressure responsive means. 4 1 5. A turbine, having a port for delivering .flllld from a working passage thereof of intermediate pressure, in combination with a low pressure turbine stage for receiving fluid from said passage of intermediate .15' pressure, a sin le valve for controlling the 1 delivery of fluid through said port and to said low pressure stage, means responsive ;to the pressure of the fluid delivered through said port for controlling the'operation of said valve, and means responsive to the speed of the turbine for actuating said valve to close said port independently of the operation of said pressure actuated means.

6. In combination with an engine having a fluid delivery port'communicating with a working passage of intermediate pressure, and a working passage of lower pressure adapted to receive fluid from the passage of intermediate pressure, a valve mechanism .30 for proportioning the delivery of fluid to said'port and to said working passage of lowerpressure, means responsive to the pressure of fluid delivered through said port for controlling the operation of said valve mechanism, andmeans responsive to variations in the speed of the engine for actuating the valve mechanism, independentlyof the operation of the pressure responsive means, to close said port when the 40 load on the engine exceeds a determined load.

7 In combination with a multi-stage turbine, having a fluid delivery port communicating with a stage of intermediate pressure,'a valve for controlling the delivery of fluid from said stage through said port and from said stage to a stage of lower pressure,

a pressure actuated plunger for controlling the operation of the valve responsive to variatlons in the pressure of fluid delivered to said port, a piston forv controlling the.

operation of the valve independently of said plunger, and a governor-controlled relay for controlling the operation of said piston.

8. In combination with a multistage turline, having e tinirl delivery pert eernrnnnienting witha stage of intermediate pressure, a valve for proportioning the delivery of fluid to said port and to a stage of the.

- turbine of lower pressure, a pressure actuated plunger responsive to the pressure of the fluid delivered to the port, for controlling the operation of the valve, a piston for controlling the operation of the valve independently of the plunger, a governorcontrolled relay for controlling the operation of said piston, and a governor for controlling the operation of the relay and the delivery of fluid to the engine.

9. In combination with an engine having I a fluid 'delivery port communicating with a working passage of intermediate pressure, and a working passage of lower pressure adapted to receive fluid from the passage of intermediate pressure, an inlet valve for delivering fluid to the passage of intermediate pressure, means for controlling the delivery offluid through the delivery port, and to the passage of lower pressure, an agent responsive to the pressure of fluid delivered through the port for controlling the operation of said means, and a governor mechanism responsive to variations'in the speed of the engine for controlling the operation of said inlet valve and for actuating said means to close said port, and to .establish'communication between said work- -ing passages after said inlet valve is fully open.

10; In combination with a multi-stage turbine having a bleeder portcommunicat- 9o ing with. a stage of intermediate pressure, I and a stage of lower pressure adapted to receive fluid from said intermediate pressure stage, an inlet valve for the turbine,

means for controlling the delivery of motive fluid through said port and to the stage of lower pressure,.'a governor mechanism responsive to the speed of the turbine. for

controlling the operation of said valve and for controlling the operation of said means whereby the delivery of fluid through said port is decreased and the delivery of fluid to said stage of lower pressure is increased in response to a decrease in speed of the turbine and after the inlet valve is fully open.

11. In combination with a multi-stage turbine having a hleeder port communicating with a stage of intermediate pressure, and a stage of lower pressure adapted to receive fluid from said intermediate ressure stage, an inlet valve for the tur ine, means for controlling the delivery of motive fluid through said port, and to the stage of lower pressure, an agent responsive to the pressure of the fluid delivered through said -ort for controlling the operation. of saiv means to increase the delivery of fluid to the port and decrease the delivery, ei tinnl to send stage of lower" anism having no active controlling efi'ect f.

; ueat on said means during normal speeds of said turbine.

12. In combination with a multistage turbine having a bl der port communicating with a sta e of 'ntermediate pressure, and a stage of lower pressure adapted to receive fluid from said intermediate pressure stake, an inlet valve mechanism for delivering motive fluid to the turbine, means for controlling the delivery of fluid from the intermediate stage to said port or to said stage of lower. pressure, a pressure responsive agent for controlling the opera tion of said means, a overnor responsive to. the speed of the tur inefor controlling the operation of the inlet' valve mechanism, and means actuated by the governor after the speed of the turbine has decreased a determined amount for controlling the op eration of said first mentioned means to close off communication between the intermediate stage and the portiand to establish ing communication between the intermediate stage and the stage of lower pressure. 13. In combination with a multi-stage turbine having a bleeder port communicating with a stage of intermediate pressure, and a stage ofllower pressure adapted to receive fluid from said intermediate pressure stage, an inlet valve for controlling thedelivery of fluid. to the turbine, means for controlling the delivery of fluid from said intermediate pressure stageto said port and to said stage of lower pressure, and a governing mechanism responsive to the speed of the turbine for controlling the operation of Sillflfllltbil valve and for closing communication between the intermediate.

pressure stage and the'port and establishlng communication between the intermediate ressure sta e and the sta e of lower pressure, when the turbine falls below a determined speed.

iii

14. In combination with a multistage turbine having a bleeder port communican ing with a stage of intermediate pressure, and a stage of lower pressure adapted to receive fiuid from the stage of intermediate pressure, means for controllin Y the delivery of fluid to the bleeder port anil to the stage of lower pressure, a governing mechanism responsive to the speed of the turbine for actuating said means to close said port who 1 the turbine falls below a determined speed, said mechanism having no active control ling eliect on said means While the turbine is operating atnormal speeds.

15, In combination with a multistage turbine having a bleeder port communicating with an intermediate pressure stage, and a low pressure stage adapted to receive flnir. from the intermediate pressure means for controlling the delivery of fluid from the intermediate stage to said port and. to the low pressure stage, an agent responsive to the pressure at the port for controlling said means to increase the delivery of duid to the port and decrease the delivery of fluid to the low pressure stage in response to c a decrease in pressure at the port and to in crease the delivery of fluid to the low pressure stage and decrease the delivery of fluid to the port in response to an increase in pressure, at the port, a governing mechanism responsive to the speed of the turh e for controlling said means to close said port and establish communication between said stages when the turbine speed decreases below a determined speed.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 17th day of August, 1914.

J. FRANCIS JOHNSON. VVi'tnesses:

o. W. Meow, E. W. MoGALms'rnn.

It is hereby certified that in [Letters Patent. No. 1,223,340, granted April 17, 1917, upon t hu application of Josiah Francis Johnson, of Edgewood, Pennsylvania, for an improvement, in "Automatic- Valve Mechanism, an error appears in the printed specification reqniring correction as follows: Page 5, line 8, claim 12, for the word "stake reed stage; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may coniox 'm to fizz; record 0f the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and seaied this 15th day of May, A. D., 1917.

[emu] F. W. H. CLAY,

Aeging Gommiadrmer of Patents.