US1222385A - Machine for crushing or grinding. - Google Patents

Description

G. H. FRASER. MACHINE FOR CRUSHING 0R GRINDING.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29.1915.

Patented Apr. 10, 1917.

INVENTOR WITNESSES 4W 4 W MWLW in see PAEN nnrcn GEORGE H. FRASER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOR CRUSHING R GRINDING.

1,222,385 Specification of Letters Patent. Patgntgdl A 3 1Q) 1917,

Original application filed March 16, 1905, Serial No. 250,474:- Renewed July 3, 1916, Serial No. 107,467. Divided and this application filed June 29, 1915. Serial No. 36,966.

To all whom it may concern: Referring to the drawing, A is the casing, Be it known that I, GEORGE -H. FRASER, B is the ring or die, C, C and C are the a citizen of the United States of America, crushing rolls, D, D and I) are their shafts, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, county E, E and E are their bearings, S, S and C of Kings, city and State of New York, have are the crushing springs, and (Z, (Z and (Z invented certain new and useful Iinproveare adjusting screws. ments in Machines for Crushing or Grind- The casing incloses the ring and rolls and ing, of which the following is a specification, supports them. The top roll in the coneing a division of my application filed struction shown carries the ring by acting is March 16,1905, Serial No. 250,474. against its inner face, and the other rolls This invention relates to machinery for press outwardly against the inner face to crushing, grinding or pulverizing materials, crush the rock between their peripheries and and aims to provide certain improvements Such face. Their pressure may be adjusted therein. y the springs and adjusting screws. The

The invention relates more particularly ring and rolls are driven in any suitable to rock crushers of the type having a plumanner, as by driving the shaft D for exralit-y of crushing rolls within an annular ample. The feed delivers'the rock on to die in which the crushing is effected between the inner face of the ring, and the crushed the periphery of the rolls and the inner f rock flows off the sides of the ring and falls 20 of the die. One example of this type of out through an opening j in the bottom crusher is shown in the patent of H. L. of the casing. The casing is made sectional Kent, granted May 7, 1901, No. 673,856, in to permit opening, as by being constructed which the die revolves and is held in posias a base or bottom shell a and a cover or tion by the rolls, which latter are carried top shell 6. 25 by shafts held in bearings at the outside of I will now describe in detail the preferred the casing, the bearings being carried by form of my improvements as illustrated in slideways and pressed outwardly by springs, the drawing. so that the rolls may slide in and out ra- According to one feature of improvement, dially of the ring. The top roll in this pat I guide the bearings for the several shafts 3-0 ent is shown as supporting the ring yieldby a swinging guide or pivotal connection, ingly, and the sliding frames carrying the so that each can oscillate relatively to a preshafts are of sectional construction, and both determined axis if its movement radially of guide the shafts and transmit the crushing the ring is necessary. I prefer to so guide pressure from the springs to them. each shaft bearing, and to carry all from My present invention aims to provide an sections of the casing, which for this purimproved crusher or pulverizer especially pose I provide with transverse bearings applicable to this general type. c 0 in which are mounted shafts g 9 the 0 this end in carrying out my present shaft g being connected to the bearing E invention in its preferred form, I provide by links G on opposite sides of the casing, an improved arrangement of die and rolls, and by links G to the bearing E so that improved means for carrying the roll shafts, each of these bearings is supported pivotally improved means for guiding such shafts, from its center, and the shaft 9 being conmeans for transmitting all or part of the nected by similar links G to the bearings crushing thrust from one roll to another so E This connection permits the bearings as to relieve the bearing pressure or the to rock toward and from the center of the spring pressure in whole or in part, and ring, but supports them against thrusts in various details of improvement in the conthe direction of drive of the ring, as well struction and arrangement of the various as in case of the lower bearings carrying parts of the crusher, all of which will be part of their weight. The links are con hereinafter more fully set forth with refnected to the respective bearings by pins 6 erence to the accompanying drawing which traversing the ends of the links and holes is a fragmentary side elevation of a pulin projections f on the bearings. The links verizer embodying the preferred form of may be loosely connected to the shafts g 9 my invention, the view being partly broken but I prefer to connect only the links G away to show the yokes in mid-section; loosely, sot-hat they can'rock independently a i as? I l ing or yoke of each other, and to key or otherwise rigidly connect the links G and G to their shafts g and g respectively, so that these links and their shafts make a rigid frame extending around the casing, and insuring parallel movement of the bearings at opposite sides of the latter. This construction attains a more advantageous gui lance of the.

roll shafts than heretofore, and provides a much simpler and more economical means for correctly guiding them.

According to another feature of improvement, 1 provide a rigid bearing frame preferably consisting of a single U-shaped casti straddling the casing and reof the shaft at opposite these ends are assured of parallel bearings, and the number of parts necessary is reduced to the minimum. The bearing end j of each yoke is planed and covered by a bearing cap 70, and the projections f for the supporting links are preferably cast integral with the end of the yoke so as to support the hearings from the yoke instead of from the cap, although I may support it otherwise. Each yoke is a relatively heavy casting in order to give not only the strength necessary to rigidity, but the weight desirable to the necessary crushing pressure or inertia. Each yoke is preferably formed with a spring pocket Z for receiving the pressure spring, and has a screwthreaded aperture m for the corresponding adjusting screw. The spring pocket is formed in a central enlargement on the outer side of the yoke, which is connected by a rib 0 and side flanges 72 with the bearing end j. The side flanges or legs of the yoke preferably converge toward the center as seen in the drawing.

According to another feature of improvement 1 preferably mount the top shaft so it can be adjusted vertically and so it can move upwardly in case of abnormal stress.

To retain the top yoke against falling sidewise, I prefer to provide a guide carried yieldingly by the casing, as the upwardly projecting guide 8. These guides loosely receive the yoke near its center and limit its motion in forward or rearward direction. For adjusting it vertically, I prefer to use an adjusting screw d screwing into its spring pocket Z, which crew may be adjusted directly or through suitable intermediate provisions to lift the yoke from the top casing. 'As shown, the casing is provided with a projection 7/, which is cylindr'cal and has a concave end. The projection 25 is similar to like projections t and t on the lower casing corresponding to the bearings D and D wh ch projections on the casing are used as spring holding provisions for maintaining the spring in proper relation to the yoke in each instance. These are preferably long enough ceiving the ends sides thereof, so that 5 6 to support the outer end of the yoke through sired. The washer o is identical rolls are more or carr in them the medium of the spring, in case this is dewith simiare used between the ad for each of the lar washers which justing screw and spring lower yokes.

Another feature of improvement consists in utilizing the weight in the upper yoke as an auxiliary means of generating crushing pressure. This I preferably accomplish by utilizing the angularity of the supports for the bearings, so that the weight carried by them tends to force the lower rolls outwardly against the inner face of the ring,

and preferably by using part of the weight.

of the upper roll to press outwardly the lower bearings.

In ma chines of this character the crushing pressure has been carried on the bearings. When the machine is empty, the rolls run directly against the face of the ring, but when material is fed on to the inner face the less separated from this face by the thickness of the layer of material being crushed which rests on the face. The greater this thickness the greater the crushing pressure to be resisted by the bearings. My invention provides means for relieving the bearings of part of this work, and means for transmitting the resistance of the work being'done rolls as a crushing force. I prefer to do this by interposing between the rolls or a part an intermediate roll 10* against which the crushing rolls may run intermittently or continuously. While the intermediate roll 19* may be utilized as a driver for all the other rolls, [prefer to make it a mere idler or disk shown, carrying it on grooved hubs or spindles g on the other rolls, so that it is normally in contact with the lower hubs or in such position that it will be engaged by these in case either moves inward a, predetermined distance. In such case the intermediate roll will he poised between the three rolls so as to distribute to each an equal pressure, and will run as an idler or antifriction roll between them, transmittin the thrust of each to the others, and correspondingly relieving the bearings of each. grooves in the hubs or otherwise mounted so that it can adapt itself to variations in the relative positions of the crushing rolls, and thus compensate for the lack of uniformity in their relative movement. It may be a single solid roll of suitable peripheral contour to properly coact with the portion of the other rolls, or their shafts, with which it contacts. I prefer to form it as a free outside roll in two halves or disks one at each side of the machine. This intermediate roll makes it possible to so construct the machine that all the crushing strains are freely consumed within the ring and rolls, so that the bearings may serve as mere guides for by one roll to the other The intermediate roll is carried in the crushing rolls. It greatly reduces friction and outside strains, and where desired, enables the elimination of independent crushing pressure such as that generated by springs and weights. For some uses this will be a convenient provision, as it enables the absolute limitation of movement of the crushing rolls inwardly in cases where inward movement would be objectionable.

his part of my invention provides for mechanically transmitting the inward thrust of each roll to one or all the other rolls, or for definitely locating the rolls and ring as to clearance for the passage of material being crushed.

In crushers of this type the ring is generally provided with a concave crushing face, and the rolls with convex faces.

In operation, the ring and rolls will be driven to make the side of the ring near the feed end of the casing move in a downward direction, and at sufiicient speed to cause the material to be crushed to be held on the inner face of the ring by centrifugal force. The feed will enter through the chutes, fall on to the inner face of the ring, and be crushed as it passes the rolls. The speed of feed will be adjusted to approximately maintain a predetermined depth of material on the inner face of the ring. If the machine is to run while using the intermediate roll 39 the latter will be adjusted and the weight of the crushing parts alone, or the tension of the springs, or both combined, will be used to produce the crushing power.

In operation, when the top roll is mounted free to move, it will be adjusted vertically to the desired position. The other rolls will be pressed against the ring by their weight acting through their swinging supporting links G G, or by the weight of the top roll acting through the rolls or disks p, or by both, or by their pressure springs, as desired. The direction of drive of the top shaft will be such that the top of the ring will move toward the feed roller C Feed will be delivered by the feeders through both feed spouts, and will be discharged on the inner face of the ring in front of the feed roll. The material fed will travel around with the ring and be crushed as it passes the rolls. The latter will move inwardly and outwardly within any limitations permitted by disks 9 according to the depth of material on the inner face of the ring, and will follow the movements of the ring. The speed of feed will be suitably adjusted. In case of an unusually heavy feed, the rolls will move toward each other until the thrust rolls or disks [9 are in contact with the hubs of the crushing rolls, whereupon the thrust roll will revolve with them and transmit much of the thrust from each to the others, correspondingly relieving the shaft bearings of pressure. As the ring lowers with wear of the top roll, the top yoke will be moved by its adjusting screw. The top roll or the thrust rolls will be adjusted inwardly to make up for Wear on the other rolls. The thrust rolls-will bear on the side hubs f or the shafts of the other rolls, instead of on their centers, as these are less liable to wear than is the middle part of each roll.

It will be seen that my invention provides improvements which can be variousl and advantageously availed of, and it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular combination of features and details of construction or arrangement herein described constituting its preferred form, but that it can be employed in whole or in part according to such modications as circumstances or the judgment of those skilled in the art may dictate, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the form illustrated the thrust roll is an outside disk p concentric of the ring and engaging projecting hubs or spindles on three crushing rolls eccentric thereof, but any number of crushing rolls may be used.

s shown, the outer end of each lower yoke is additionally guided by a link H, which is fulcrumed to the lower casing at I and totheyoke at J, so that it movably depressed. To carry the link H, the yoke is formed with ears to to which the link is pivoted, and the base is formed with ears a to which the link is pivoted.

hat I claim is 1. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls movable to ward and from each other within and cccentric of said die, each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, a casing affording a crushing chamber and having a wall. at the side of said parts, axles or studs on which said rolls are mounted respectively, non-rotary means carrying said axles or said studs respectively, and expansively acting means disposed exteriorly of said wall and intermediate of said axles or studs pressing said rolls outwardly away from one another to generate a crushing pressure toward the inner face of said die.

2. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls movable toward and from each other within and eccentric of said die, each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, a

, ward the inner casing affording a crushing chamber for said parts and comprising a wall at the side thereof, axles or studs on which said rolls are mounted respectively, non-rotary members carrying said axles or studs respectively, expansively acting means disposed at the side of said rolls outwardly of said wall intermediate of said non-rotary means and pressing said axles or studs outwardly away from one another to press said rolls outwardly to generate a crushing pressure toface of said die, and a third roll within said die.

3. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die, and each having a pcripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, axles or studs movable toward and from each other on which said rolls are mounted. respectively, non-rotary means on which said axles or studs are mounted respectively, and expansively acting means at the side of said rolls and intermediate of said axles or studs pressing the latter outwardly away from one another to generate a crushing pressure toward the inner face of said die.

4. In combination, an die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls movable toward and from each other within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, axles or studs on which said rolls are mounted respectively, movable downwardly and outwardly away from each other, nonotary means carrying said axles or studs, and expansively acting means disposed at the side of said rolls and intermediate of said non-rotary means and acting to press said rolls downwardly and outwardly away from one another to generate a crushing pressure toward the inner face of said die.

7 5. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, three rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of said die, one of said rolls mounted near the upper part of said die and the others of said rolls movable toward and from each other and mounted near the lower 7 part thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, a casing affording a crushing chamber for said parts and comprising a wall at the side thereof, axles or studs on which said rolls are mounted respectively, non-rotary means carrying said upper roll, movable non-rotary means carrying said annular crushing lower rolls respectively, and pressing means disposed at the side of said rolls exteriorly of said wall intermediate of said non-rotary means acting downwardly and outwardly to press said lower rolls outwardly away from one another to generate a crushing pressure toward the inner face of said die and reacting upwardly toward said upper non-rotary means toresist such pressure.

6. The combination with an annular die, an upper roll therein, and two lower rolls therein, and means for driving one of said parts relatively to the others, of a movably mounted roll at the side of said lower rolls for transmitting the thrusts of each to the spindle of the other.

7. The combination with an annular die and a plurality of crushing rolls therein, of a yielding roll between said rolls for transmitting the thrust from one to the spindle of the other.

8. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, and a roll at the side of said roll mounted to revolve on an axis radially inwardly thereof and engaging said roll inwardly of its crushing face for sustaining it against a pressure from the inner face of said die.

9. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a reduced hub or spindle at each side of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, and a roll at each side of said crushing roll revolving on an axis radially inwardly thereof and engaging said reduced portion or spindle to resist an inward pressure from the inner face of said die.

10. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within, eccentric of and disposed near the upper part of said die and having a reducedportion or spindle at the side thereof, and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of said die, means one of said parts, and a roll or rolls at the side of said crushing roll engaging there'- duced portion or spindle thereof to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die. 7 v

11. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two, ro'tacrushing face reciprocal to the crushingface for revolving of the latter, and a reduced portion or spindle at the side of said die, and a roll intermediate of and engaging the reduced portions or spindles of said rolls to sustain them against a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

12. In combination, die having an internal rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentrio of said die, each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of the latter and each having a portion Or spindle at its side, and a roll at the side of said rolls intermediate of and engaging said portions or spindles to transmit the stress of each to the others.

13. In combination, a revolving crushing die having an internal crushing face, three rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die, each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of the latter, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotative means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted, and a roll intermediate of said means engaging said crushing rolls outwardly of their crushing faces for resisting a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

14. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two movable and rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of the latter, means for revolving an annular crushing crushing face, three women or this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the one of said parts, non-rotative means movable toward and from each other on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and means at each side of said rolls outwardly of their crushing faces acting to press said rolls outwardly away from one another to generate a crushing pressure toward the inner face of said die.

15. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, three rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die, each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of the latter, one of said rolls disposed near the upper part of said die and two of said rolls disposed in the same plane below said upper roll, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotarv means movable toward and from each other on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and a roll at the side of said rolls and intermediate of their axles receiving the downward stress of said upper roll and dividing it between said lower rolls to hold them outwardly to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE H. FRASER.

Witnesses:

SIGVARD G. HELLEM, HARRY M. BRAND.

commissioner of Patents,

Washington. I). G.

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