US1213082A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

F. D'O'RINCKEL.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE i?. IBIS.

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INV 5N To R.' FRVFZ DRm/CKEL BKIUMJUMMJ ATTORNEY'.

FRTZ DOERINGKEL, OF ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY.

FURNACE.

Application filed June 17, 1916.

.To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, Fnrrz Bonnin'ciini., doctor of chemistry, citizen of the German Empire, residing at Essen-on-the-Ruhr, in the Province of Rhine, Germany, have invented a new and useful improvement in Furnaces; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

Furnaces which are heated by gases, by gasified or finely divided liquid fuel conimonly suffer from the drawback that the charge in the furnace is not uniformly heated. For instance in most crucible melting furnaces the burner is arranged in such a manner that the flame impinges against the crucible in a circular way. 0f course the crucible is most heated on that spot where it is first reached by the flame. ln

its further course the flame naturally loses much of its heating power and consequently such parts of the Crucible which come in contact with the flame only later on are heated less or more slowly. On the spot first touched by the flame the charge begins melting first and only little by little the rest of the crucibles contents is melted. ln a heating furnace the charge will be overheated on the first spot before the other parts have reached the temperature required. -t is obvious that such an ununiform heating is a heavy drawback, specially in heating and tempering furnaces.

Now l have found that a quick and uniform heating of the charge is secured by introducing the fuel in such a way that the flame will symmetrically act uniformly and with equal strength von numerous places. Such a symmetrical action is effected by causing the fuel, c. g. a mixture of gas with air, issuing from a collecting or mixing compartment through numerous narrow apertures, to impinge against the vessel containing the charge, and then igniting it.

Besides heating the charge more quickly l and uniformly a further advantage is secured by obtaining a considerably higher temperature owing to the fact that an eX- tremely great number of spots are touched by separate flames having their highest temperature. Accordingly it is possible for in stance to meltsteel in a Crucible melting furnace for laboratory use heated in the manner described, whereas in the laboratory gas furnaces as used at present, with difficulty the melting point of manganese is Specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 104,345.

attained. ln consequence of the perfectly uniform heating any noxious tension in the Crucible walls and thereby a bursting of the crucible is avoided.

My improved furnace is adapted for employment in connection with various technlcal purposes such as heating, smelting, tempering or other. As an example I have given in the following a description of a Crucible melting furnace without limiting my invention to such kind of furnaces.

In the drawing, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional `view and Fig. 2 a horizontal sectional view of this furnace.

ln a casing or shell a of sheet iron or other material, closed at the bottom a similar smaller vessel o consisting of fireproof material or of a jacket provided with arefractory lining is secured in such a manner that an intermediate space is left between both vessels or shells. This interspace, preferably narrow, is closed by an annular plate c suitably tightened. The walls of the vessel o are provided with numerous perforations distributed evenly over the entire surface of the jacket. In the case of small furnaces, these perforations may be very narrow, e. g. of about a needles thickness.

The apertures may be disposed horizontally (as the drawing shows) or they may be inclined relatively to the wall of the Crucible f in order to permit of a larger sheet of flame. The Crucible containing the material to be smelted is located either directly upon the bottom of the vessel o or upon a stand i. rlhe wall of the vessel a is provided with an aperture g to which is attached a pipe junction It tangentially to the jacket. rlhrough this pipe junction It, the fuel, for instance amiXture of gas and air, is fed into the furnace and enters into the space between the cylinders a and Z9. Therefrom it passes through the apertures of the vessel b and after being ignited at these apertures it impinges against the crucible y. ln this way a great number of small and uniform flames are formed which impinge against a corresponding number of spots on the surface of the crucible. Thereby all parts of the crucible-wall come in Contact with flames of the same highest temperature and the material in the Crucible is heated up to melting temperature in the shortest time possible.

The furnace as described is very well adapted for laboratory use, owing to the Patented dan.. lo, fllt..

fact that in a very short time high temperatures can be obtained, that the temperature once obtained can be maintained and regulated with great accuracy, as well as to the easy management of the furnace.

It need not be mentioned that several feeding pipes for the fuel may be arranged and that it is not absolutely necessary to lead these pipes tangentially into the collecting room.

What l claim is:

l. ln a furnace, the combination of a cupshaped casing; and a small vessel disposed c0-aXially in said casing and forming a narrow annular space therewith and comprising an outer jacket and a refractory lining, said vessel being spaced from the bottom of the casing and provided with a plurality of fine apertures disposed up and down and around the vessel.

2. In a furnace, the combination of a cupshaped casing; and a small vessel disposed cri-axially in said casing and forming a narrow annular space therewith, said vessel being spaced from the bottom of the casing and provided with a plurality of line radial apertures disposed up and down and around the vessel.

3. In a furnace, the combination of a cup-- Shaped casing having an aperture therein;

a pipe junction joining said aperture tangentially to said casing; and a small vessel disposed co-axially in said casing and forniing a narrow annular space therewith, said Vessel being spaced from the bottom of the casing and provided with a plu ality of ine apertures disposed up and down and around the vessel.

el. In a furnace7 the combination of a cupshaped easing having an aperture therein; a pipe junction joining said aperture tangentially to said casing; and a small vessel disposed eo-axially in said casing and forining a narrow annular space therewith and comprising an outer jacket and a refractory i FRITZ DOERINCK EL.

Witnesses R. WIEHAELES, A. HANEKYE.

Genies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. C.

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