US1212557A - Apparatus for mixing and conveying fluids. - Google Patents

Description

J. A. REY.

APPARATUS FOR MIXING AND CONVEYING FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-28, 1911.

1 ,2]. 2,555?- Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

FIGQ;

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ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEAN ALEXANDRE REY, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

Application filed December 28, 1911. Serial No. 668,373.

ing of boilers or the creating of forceddrafts in chimneys. V

The apparatus embodying my invention is particularly adapted .for the condensation and conveyance of fluids in which the conveying fluid is a gas or vapor.

This mixer and compressor is formed of two disks placed opposite to each other and inclosing between their opposite surfaces a.

volume ofrevolution of-which the walls starting from the axis first converge, then diverge, and are provided beyond the most constricted portion with a series of narrow arcuate slots, co-axial with the disks forming the walls; the angle at which the walls diverge after therconstricted portion being such that both the inducing jet, as well as the jet formed bythe mixture of this latter with the induced fluid, are constantly deflected by the walls, that is to say, this angle should be less than the angle of the same jet escaping in free air. In other words, assuming the inducing jet to consist of steam, for example, if said jet were allowed to escape freely from an orifice such as that constituted by the constricted portion of the present apparatus, into a medium having a lowerpressure, then said jet would have a definite angle of divergence a. The angle of divergence of the walls of the diffusing portion or chamber of an apparatus constructed according to the present invention is somewhat smaller than a, say 05 The exact magnitude of angle a, may vary somewhat according to conditions; but in general it depends principally upon the difierence in pressure between the motive or impelling fluid and the induced or drawn ofi fluid, and also upon the difiejrence between the pressure of the motive fluid and that of the mixture of fluids finally leaving the apparatus. In any case, however, the

angle of divergence'of the walls of the diffusing chamber will be smaller than a. Mo tive fluid is admitted between the twodisks at the axis of the volume of revolution.

The accompanying drawing'illustrates one form of apparatus for. carrying out the object of the present invention.

In this drawing Figure 1 is a section taken through the axis of the apparatus and Fig. 2 is an elevation.

Motive fluid passes in through a central passage 1 to an admission chamber 2and expands annularly and gradually into a chamber 3 of doubly conical or lenticular shape. The jet of motive fluid escapes from the neck 4 in the form of a thin circular sheet and traverses an annular space 5 of diverging conical shape, provided with narrow arcuate slots 6 in a portion of its conical walls. The fluidto'be moved or injected is drawn through the passages 8 into the casing 7, from which it passes intothe space 5 through the arcuateslots 6. From the annular space 5 the two fluids pass to'and mix in the difl'using space 9 where they lose speed while the pressure increases. An annular conductor 10 receives the mixture thus produced which escapes through the pipe 11. The walls of the converging, diverging and difl'using chambers may be formed of two plates 12 and 13, arranged opposite each otherand secured to the conductor 10 in any convenient way.

. For the purpose of regulating and con-. trolling the apparatus the distance between the two plates12 and 13 may be varied, thereby varying the sectional area of the jet of motive fluid. To accomplish this result one plate, as 12, is provided with a screw 15 which passes loosely through a holein the other plate 13, and is provided outside the casing? with a nut 14. By tightening the nut the plates are sprung toward each other, and by unscrewing the nut the plates can spring apart. The amount of variation thus obtained is small but it will suffice for the variations in action required in actual practice. The two plates may thus be moved slightly nearer to or farther away from each other at the1r central portions, if the outer edges of the plates have sufficient elasticity. Any other suitable arrangement. forvarying the d1stance apart of the plates may however be employed.-

The angle of the conical portions forming the walls of the apparatus as well asthelr diffuser walls.

size depends on the nature of the fluids, the volume delivered and the pressures, and assures that both the diverging and also the converging portion of the apparatus shall be 1 constantly filled with fluid. The size, shape and position of the holes 6 through which the induced fluid enters may be varied with the nature of the fluids and with the pressure to be attained v a I The substantially circular form of the mixer or compressor herein disclosed is parfrom which the inducing jet escapes, the,

angle of divergence a, of the diffuser walls is determined;- and this, in general fixes geometrically the necessary length of the diffusion chamber to produce the requisiteexpansion of the impelling or driving fluid. This assumes that the fluid can expand perpendicularly to the divergent diffuser walls, but not parallel to said walls; these being the conditions present in devices of this general class heretofore known in the art. v

Other things being equal, the circular form of the present apparatus permits a diminution in the length of the difiuser, measured in a straight line from thejet orifice to the discharge end of the diffuser, and consequently enables a reduction of friction with an accompanying increase in efficiency. In the present apparatus, the jet of motive fluid spreads out or expands not only in a direction perpendicular to the diffuser Walls butalso in a direction parallel to said walls, that is, in ,a plane or planes perpendicular to the central axis of the circular disks. As a result, the requisite expansion can take place within a shorter distance measured from the jet orifice .to the point of final discharge. r 7

.Claims:

1. In an apparatus for'mixing andcom pressing fluids, the combination with two disks placed opposite each other, of a chamber in communication with the space between said disks at their peripheries, the walls of said disks starting from their axes, being first convergent, then divergent, said disks having a series of narrow orifices adj acent to their points of nearest approach to each other, one of the disks being provided at its axis with means for supplying motive fluid, the angle of divergence of the walls of the disks, substantially throughout their entire extent, being less than the angle of divergence of a jet of similar fluid in free space in which there exists a pressure no greater, substantially, than atmospheric pressure.

2. In .an apparatus for mixingand compressing fluids, the combination with two disks placed opposite each other, of a chamber in communication with the space between said disks at their peripheries and arranged to form an annular conductor to receive the mixed fluid, and provided with an outlet, the walls of the disks, starting from their axis, being first convergent, then divergent, said disks having a series of narrow orifices adjacent to their points of nearest approach to each other, one of the disks being provided at its axis with means for supplying a motive fluid,"the angle of divergence of the-walls of the disks, substantially throughout their entire extent, being less than the angle of divergence of a jet of similar fluid in free space in which there existsa pressure no greater, substantially than atmospheric pressure.

3. In an apparatus for mixing and compressing fluids, the combination with two disks placed opposite each other, of a chamber in communication with the space between said disks at their peripheries, the walls of the disks, starting from their axis, being first convergent, then divergent, said disks having a series of narrow orifices adjacent to their points of nearest approach to each other, one of the disks being provided at its axis with means for supplying said motive fluid, the angle of divergence of the walls of the disks, substantially throughout their entire extent, being less than the angle of divergence of a jet of similar fluid in free space in which there exists a pressure no greater, substantially, than atmospheric pressure, means for supplying induced fluid to said orifices, and means for varyingthe' distance apart of the disks.

at. Apparatus for mixing and compressing fluids comprising disk-like members arranged with their mating faces in relatively close proximity to inclose a volume of revolution, the space between said members comprising a central 'admission chamber with walls converging radially outward to a constricted peripheralor circumferential port, and an annular diffusing chamber extending beyond said peripheral port with walls diverging radially therefrom, a relatively wide circumferential discharge conductor in communication with said diffusing chamber and provided with a discharge outlet, means for supplying a motive or impelling fluid to said admission chamber, and induction ports in annular arrangement extending through the walls of said diffusing chamber at a location near said constricted peripheral port, the angle'at-whichthe walls of said diffusing chamber diverge being substantially throughout their entire extent somewhat less than that which the jet of impelling fluid would form if allowed to escape from said constrictedport into an unconfined space in which prevails a pressure substantially lower than that of the impelling fluid.

5. Apparatus of the character described comprising a substantially circular central chamber having walls radially convergent toward a constricted opening extending circumferentially around said chamber, an inlet for admitting motive fluid to said chamber, an annular diffusing chamber extending outwardly beyond said central chamber and communicating therewith through said constricted opening, the space between the walls of said diffusmg chamber being axially adjustable, said walls diverging radially from said opening substantially throughout their entire extent and at an angle somewhat less than the angle formed by the jet of impelling fluid, if left to itself, fluid induction apertures extending through the walls of the diflusing chamber near said constricted opening, and conduit means for receiving and leading away mixed fluids discharged from the outer periphery of said diffusing chamber.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two sub-' scribing witnesses.

JEAN ALEXANDRE REY. Witnesses:

G. DE MEs'rRAL, H. 0. Con.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0."

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