US121187A - Improvement in constructing axles - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F/ 6.5 Patented Nov .2|,1871.

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JAMES MONTGOMERY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN ONSTRUCTING .,AXLES.v

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N o. 121,187, dated November 21, 1871 antedated November 9, 1871.

To all lwho-m it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES MONTGOMERY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Process and Apparatus for Forming and Constructing Axles or Shafts, which invention is described as follows:

In carrying out my invention I rst prepare, by

rolling, a number of bars, having a curved or segf mental form in their transverse section, and also curved longitudinally in suchl a manner that a number of the said bars may be assembled with each end of the fagot for a certain distance, I

heat the fagot and pass it between rolls, properly grooved and recessed, to weld the ends to a requisite distance and form upon them symmet- I'ical journals, the central part being left in open or skeleton form. The structure thus made will possess greatlightness, strength, transverse rigidity, and torsional elasticity.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure l represents a transverse section of a pair of rolls employed for rolling the segment bars with a bar or segment in position, the plane of section being taken through the center of the groove and bar.

The diagrams marked a, b c, d, and e, referring to Fig. l, represent the form of the bar in transverse section, and also of the grooves at the various points indicated by correspondingletters in Fig. l. Fig. 2 represents, on a larger scale, a

ysimilar section of the parts of the rolls which are marked a in Fig. l. Fig. 3 represents a section longitudinally of the rolls in the plane indicated by the lines a: in Fig. 2. The line y y in Fig. 3

indicates the plane of the section represented in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4represents a transverse section of a pair of rolls employed for uniting the bars or segments to form an axle, one end'of the axle being shown in position.

Similar letters of reference in the various gures indicate like parts.

A A', Figs. 1,2, and 3, represent a pair of rolls made hollow for the purpose of circulating water or other fluid through them to keep them cool. The grooves gg are made of varying depth, Width, and shape, so as, bya single revolution, to change the bar om a common dat form to the shape in- .dicated by the longitudinal section of said bar, seen in Fig. 1, and the transverse section f its various parts shown in the diagrams a, b, c, d, and e. The arrows indicate the direction of rotation of the rolls. From the end of the bar to the part marked a, in Fig. 1, the bar is grooved uniformly in shape and size, such as indicated in transverse section in the diagram a. From a it is tapered in thickness and expanded in width, as illustrated in the successive diagrams, to e, which represents the longitudinal center of the bar. From this center it is gradually contracted in Width and increased in thickness, as may be understood by the corresponding letters on the other half of each roll, so that the two ends of the bar or segment will be of similar shape. The dies or cutters D serve as guides or gauges in entering the end of each new bar, and sever the rolled bars at a uniform length. These dies are supported, and are adjusted radially in respect to the rolls, by set-screws E, held by jam-nuts F, and are made with chambers connecting by suitable ducts with the hollow interior of the rolls, so that water or other coolingiiuid maypass through said dies. By forming the groove principally in one roll, as shown at g in Figs. 2 and 3, and making the said groove with oblique faces and large and deep enough to receive a rim, g g', which operates on the outside surface of the segment and projects from the upper roller A', I am enabled to roll the bar without ns. The extreme corners of the rim g are chilled, so as to make them very hard and durable, and the Obliquity of the sides of the groove in the roll A and the corresponding shape ofthe rim or projection of the rollA make the corners or angles less acute than they other- Wise would be. Their capacity to wear is thus further increased; but as fast as the chilled corners do wear the other less hard parts. of the rolls can be readily turned down to corresponding shape and dimensions. This method of manufacturing axles is described in my patent No. 28,004, dated April 24, 1860, and I therefore lay no claim thereto.

Fig. 4 represents a transverse section of a pair of rolls adapted for the formation of hollow axles of larger diameter in the center than at the ends. The drawing shows one end of a car-axle, T, in the course of being rolled, and uniting the segments, and for making the journals. The metal to form the axle is fagoted out of a number of bars or segments stave-shaped, of steel or iron, their ends being placed in contact around mandrels R, and their central portions held at some distance asunder by supports placed between them. Thefagot thus prepared is, by the aid of a gauge, adjusted upon a car, which is so connected to the rolls that it will move at a speed corresponding with that of the Workin g surfaces of the rolls. One end of the iagot is then introduced between the rolls at the point marked 7. The projections 8 form the proper depression for the journal. From thence to 9 the grooves continue of about equal size, and form the cylindrical or nearly cylindrical portion of the axle Which receives the wheel, the segments being securely Weldedtogether from 7 to 9. From the point 9 the grooves increase rapidly in size to l0, to form the flaring central portion of the axle, toward Which point the bars or segments diverge. The cavity 1l is to afford space for a projecting lian ge or ring, which may be placed upon or around the largest part at the center of the axle and Welded thereon in the act of rolling. The axle may be heated at both ends simultaneously by furnaces placed at proper distances asunder, so that a single revolution of the rolls will complete both on the ends, uniting the segments and forming the journals; but in most instances it Will be foundmore practicable to heat and roll the ends separately.

The separate parts of my shaft or axle may be made with parallel sides; but I prefer to form them of greater Width toward the centers; and, by imparting sufficient transverse curvature, so

as to make the shaft or axle very much larger at Witnesses THos. B. KrNGsLANn,

Oc'rAvIUs KNIGHT. (125)

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