US1210149A - Apparatus for artificial respiration. - Google Patents

Description

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Patented Dec. 26, 1916.

w. G. CLARK. APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 26.19I2- Maw I \I w R L 6 4 a WII e LI L IHHIIHIIIIHHIIHIIH 10 L\ V 0, I F AL A r S ILLLILLII R L W. G, CLARK.

APPARATUS FOR ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION.

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- 1,210,149. Patented Dec. 26,1916.

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Z Z" I A5" 0' o E t /0' 'U' 5 l a /6 \JJ 272 I 24 2 4' WALTER e. CLARK, or new roan, N. Y.

APPARATUS non ARTIFICIAL nnsrmnrroiv.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentedDec. 2c, 1916.

Application filed December 26, 1912. Serial No. 738,681.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER G. CLARK, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Artificial Respiration, of which the following is a specification accompanied by drawings.

This invention relates to apparatus for causing artificial respiration, for use, among others, in cases offdrowning, gas suffocation, suspended animation, and in practically all cases in which it is necessary to produce or increase respiratory action.

One of the primary objects of the invention is to produce a machine of this character in which the moving parts are actu ated by means other than the gas used in the pump itself, so that simple and im proved means are provided for artificially inflating and exhausting the lungs which closely simulatethe physical acts of inhalation and exhalation in man or beast.

Further objects of the invention are to enable the operation of the machine to be so controlled and varied as to speed, stroke, and time of operations, that different conditions may be met or provided for as they arise. This flexibility of control is important, as Without it, the usefulness of the machine would be more limited in scope.

One preferred form of machine is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine; Fig. 2 is a top plan view; Fig. '3is an end elevation partly in transverse sec tion on the line 33 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 4 is a detail view of part of the pump operating mechanism; Fig. 5'is a face view of a suitable mask; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail sec tional view of the mask; Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views of a tongue clip; Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views of a mouth clip; and Fig. 11 is a front elevation of a modified form of apparatus.

Referringto the drawings, ,A' represents a suitable wheeled frame or carriage, constructed to support the workingparts of the apparatus. The pumping apparatus may be mounted on the shelf B, the actuating motor may be supported on the shelf 0, and provision is preferably made for a gas tank D underneath the carriage, supported by suitable straps E, for either ordinary air may be pumped into the lungs or oxygen, or

an anesthetic, or any suitable gas, as de-- sired.

Clhe pumping apparatus comprises essentiall a pressure pump F and an exhaust pump 0-, preferably in the form of glass cylinders, having the pistons H and J, operating in unison, although I am not to be understood as limiting the invention to any particular form of pumping apparatus. Both cylinders are adapted to communicate alternately with a common connection K (Fig. 3) preferably a flexible hose, having a suitable face mask L adapted to be placed over the nose and mouth of the patient. Any suitable motor, as an electric motor M, may be connected to operate the pump pis tons H and J, and provision is preferably made for operating the pumps manually, if desired. Any suitable means may be provided for varying the speed and direction of rotation of the motoryand such means are indicated in Figs. 1 and 3, as a controller box or casingv M conveniently located beneath the motor, and having a controller handle M extending through the slot M in the box, so that thehandle may be moved longitudinally in the slot to control the speed and direction of rotation of the motor. lilo-ans are also provided for varying the stroke of the pistons, and for timing the operation of the apparatus to meet different conditions.

in the apparatus so far described, which may be taken as illustrative of suitable means for carrying out the principle of operation upon which the inventionis based,

the down stroke of the pistons, draws air or gas from the atmosphere or from a tank into the cylinder F and exhausts air from the lungs into cylinder G, while on the up stroke, the air from cylinder F is forced into the lungs and the foul air in cylinder G is exhaustedto atmosphere. The action so closely simulatesthe inhalation and exhalation of actual human breathing, that apparently hopeless cases of suffocation can be revived. The 00 11am of the inflating and.

exhausting operations is preferably effected by means of two-way valves (not shown in section) in the valve casings O and P above the pump cylinders, and suitable valve gearing is connected to be operated by the ac tuating parts of the apparatus, for auto matically actuating the valves at the proper times.

The mechanical construction of the apparatus may be as simple as desired, and l have preferably shown the various parts constructed as far as possible of glass.

Q represents a washing bottle having the cup R adapted to contain a filtering medium, as cotton, and provided with a water sealed tube. The bottle tube S connects with the valve casing O, and a branch tube T connects the casing O with the common connection K. Another branch tube U leads from the connection K to the valve casing P, and an outlet tube V leads to the outlet bottle W' having an outlet X to atmosphere. Preferably arranged at each side of the carriage for convenience, are shown U-shaped pressure gages Y and Z communicating with the pipes U and T respectively.

In order to automatically operate the controlling valves in casings O and P, I preferably connect the pumping cylinders by a yoke a carrying bearings Z) for a rock shaft 0 connected to the valves, and a vertically movable rod (Z is connected at one end to the arm 6 on rock shaft 0 by a link f, and connected at the other end to the toggle g having slotted arms pivoted on the lugs'h beneath the shelf B. Stops j and 70 on opposite sides of the revoluble disk 0 cooperate with the arms 7) and 9' respectively connected to the toggle arms 9, so that the toggle is made and broken alternately, thus vertically moving the rod cl, and rocking the rock shaft 0 at the proper moment to cause inflating and exhausting of the lungs. Obviously different forms of apparatus may be devised for accomplishing the same ends.

The motor M may be provided with a suitable starting boX and reversing switch (not shown) and may be suitably connected to actuate the piston rods 1" and s of the pistons H and J, the lower ends of which move in the socket bearings 10. The motor may be connected to actuate the disk shaft 01 by means of the worm and wheel wm through the agency of the clutch members g z, the member 1] being slidable. The piston rods 9" and s are in this instance operated from the disk 0 by means of a scotch yoke 2, as shown, the wrist pin 3 of which is adjustable radially in the slot 4 (Fig. 4) in the disk 0 to vary the stroke of the pistons H and J. The disk shaft 1) may also be operated manually by disconnecting the clutch members i -z and turning the crank 5 on the shaft 6, which shaft has a pinion 7 meshing with the gear 8 on the disk shaft o. The clutch member 3 is provided with an engaging arm 9 secured to the vertical shaft 11 having the handle 12 by means of which the shaft 11 may be turned to move the clutch member out of engagement with clutch member 2 as shown in the position indicated in Fig. 3.

In case it is desired to use oxygen instead of atmospheric air, a connection 15 is provided from the tank D leading to the oxygen washing bottle 16, and a connection 17 leads from said bottle 16 to the washing bottle Q. When atmospheric air alone is used, the connection or tube 17 is withdrawn from bottle Q, and the neck .18 may be closed with a stopper, so that the only inlet for air is through the cup B. When oxygen is used from the tank D, the inlet tube from the cup B should be closed, as with a plug or stopper, and the tube 17 inserted into the bottleQ, so that the source of supply comes from the tank D. An anesthetic may be used by placing the anesthetic in the bottle 16, or in the tank D. The bell like receptacle 20 is a reservoir, suspendedfrom the spring scales 21 and connected with the bottom of the oxygen washing bottle 16, so that the quantity of oxygen in said bottle 16 may be determined by the level of the liquid, controlled by the liquid in the reservoir 21.

The face mask L shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 6 may be a pear-shaped glass casing, having a rolled edge 22 adapted to grip a tubular rubber cushion The crown of the casing or mask is preferably provided with an inlet tube 2& having a rubber tube or nipple 25 which may be pinched with a clip 26, so that fluids from the mouth and lungs may be re moved without removing the face mask, if necessary. Figs. 7 and 8 show an adjunct in the form of a suitable tongue clip to keep the tongue from choking the throat, and Figs. 9 and 10 show a suitable mouth clip for holding the mouth open, it being understood that these operating adjuncts are merely illustrated to show means for carrying out the complete operations of the apparatus.

In the operation of the apparatus, let it be assumed that atmospheric air is to be artificially respirated in the case of a human patient. The tube 17 is preferably withdrawn from the washing bottle Q, and the neck 18 is closed by a stopper. Air may be drawn into the pressure inspirator cylinder I" through the cup R. The face mask L is placed over the mouth and nose of the patient, and if the motor M is to be started, the clutch members g are engaged, and a reciprocating vertical motion is imparted to the pump piston rods and pistons, so that they operate simultaneously in the same directions and with the same stroke, although obviously other modes of operation might be 1 drained out of the aspirator pump G.

devised. In Figs. 1 and 3, the pistons H and J are shown in their lowermost position, and upon the upstroke, the valves in casings O and P are thrown, by the upward movement of rod (Z, into proper position to aomit air from cylinder F to the lungs and exhaust air from cylinder Site the atmosphere. Upon the down stroke of the pistons, the valves are automatically setto permit air to be drawn into the cylinder F from the atmosphere through cup it, and bottle Q, and the air in the lungs is drawn into the cylinder G. This cycle of operations continues as long as desired, and the number of strokes, capacity of the cylinders, and timing of the apparatus, may be varied and adjusted as desired. So accurately can these adjustments be made, that'the actual mechanical and physical efforts and character :istics of breathing, as applied to the capacity and peculiarities of difierent individuals, are closely simulated, without effort on the part of the subject to be treated, so that the machine breathes forthe patient, and effects results which have never heretofore been obtained by any other known means.

In Fig. 11 a modified form of apparatus is shown in which the pumps F and G having the pistons H and J are arranged end to end, one in a plane above the other, so that liquids coming from the lungs may lip modified form of actuating mechanism is also shown preferably driven by a reversible electric motor or other suitable, reversible motor. The carriage A in Fig. 11 has suitable shelves 2 and 3 in addition to the bottom C on which to mount the parts. The pump F is mounted on shelf 3 and pump G is mounted on bottom C, although any other suitable arrangement could be de vised, and only so much of the apparatus is shown as will illustrate the modified form of apparatus, it being understood that the auxiliary chambers, bottles and piping are connected as before and the functions of the parts are the same as before. The piston rods l and 5" are provided with racks 6 and 7 meshing with the pinion 8 mounted on a bracket 9 on shelf 2. Any suitable reversible electric motor (not shown) may be connected to operate the pinion 8 in opiosite directions, thereb actuatin the,

up and down. 'A suitable reversing switch 20 is controlled by the rod 1a, and by this means the motor is controlled. in order to cause the rod let to quickly control the valves in casings O and P, a spring toggle having the legs 21 and 22 is connected to the rod. lhe legs 21 and 22 are slidably pivoted to the frame ofthe carriage A by pins 23 and as engaging the slots 25 and 26 and a spring 27v connects the outer ends of the legs, while the inner ends are pivoted at 28 to the rod 14. As the rod is moved, the toggle is thrown past its center, and the movement of the rod is accelerated at each stroke. The piping S, T, U, K and Y corresponds to the piping S, T, U, K, and Y in the othe figures, and the function of the apparatus is the same. A drain pipe to is preferably connected with the valve casing P to drain off liquids.

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patent the following:

1. Power driven apparatus for producing artificial respiration, comprising a pressure pump, an, exhaust pump, a variable speed motor operatively connected to actuatesaid pumps, said operative connections including adjustable means for varying the stroke of said pumps, a common connection adapted to communicate with said pumps, means for alternately connecting said pumps to said common connection, and an automatic gear actuated by a moving part of the operative connections between the motor and the pumps for controlling the operation of said alternate connecting means.

2. Power driven apparatus for producing artificial respiration, comprising a pressure pump, an exhaust pump, a variable speed motor operatively connected to actuate said pumps,said operative connections including adjustable means for varying the stroke of said pumps, a common connection adapted to communicate with said pumps, means for alternately connecting said pumps to said common connection, and an automatic gear actuated by a moving part of the operative connections between the motor and the pumps for controlling the operation of said alternate connecting means, said automatic gear including means for adjusting the gear to variably time the operation of the pumps.

3. Power driven apparatus for producing artificial respiration, comprising a pressure pump, an exhaust pump, a variable speed reversible motor operatively connected to actuate said pumps, said operative means including adjustable means for varying the stroke of said pumps, a common connection adaptedto communicate with said pumps, means for alternately connecting said pumps to said common connection, an automatic gear actuated by a moving part of the opera tive connections between the motor and the pumps for controlling the operation of said specification in the presence of two subscribaltei'nate connectlng means, and means for 111g Witnesses. alternately reversing the motor said reversing means being controlled by a moving part TALTER GLARK' 01 the appa 'atus in accordance with the opitnessesz oration of the pumps. HERBERT G. OGDEN,

In testimony whereof I have signed this M. M. RIEMANN.

Copies ot this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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