US1207489A - Steam or hot-water boiler. - Google Patents

Description

J. M. BROHERD.

STEAM 0R HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. I916.

Patented Dec. 5, 1916.

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J. M. BROHERD.

STEAM 0R HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-22. ms.

Patented Dec. 5, 1916.

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I. M. BROHERD.

STEAM 0R HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22. ms.

Patented Dec. 5,1916.

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STEAM 0a HOT-WATER. BOILER.

Specification of Letters fatent.

Patented Dec. a rare.

Application filed March 22, 1916. Serial No. 85,928.

'1 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JAMES M. BRoHERD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oskaloosa, in the county of Mahaska and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam or Hot- Water Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in steam or hot water boilers, the primary object of my invention being the provision of a boiler of the vertical fire tube type which may be more cheaply manufactured and which will be more economical in the use of coal or other fuel.

A further object of my invention consists in constructing a boiler of the above described character in which the boiler proper is substantially annular and provided with a separately formed steam dome located di-- rectly above the axial passage through the boiler and in which such passage of the boiler serves as a reservoir for the fuel em ployed in heating the boiler, the fuel being fed by gravity from this reservoir to a grate below the boiler.

A still further object. of my invention consists in providing means whereby the air supplied to the burning fuel is supplied by a down draft through the body of fuel contained in the passage through the annular boiler, this feature doing away largely with the formation of clinkers, causing an almost complete consumption of the coal used.

In this connection, another object which I have in mind is the provision of means whereby the hot'air and burning gases from the fire, after passing through the fire tubes of the boiler, are forced about all portions of the peripheral wall of the boiler proper and finally discharged from the furnace near the bottom of the boiler.

With these and other objects in view, my invention will be more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and then specifically pointed out in the claims which are attached to and form a part of this application.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical central sectional view, showing the boiler prope and its steam dome, together with a portion of the fire pit in front elevation; Fig. 2 is a central vertical sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Figs; 3 and f are transverse sectional views taken on the lines 3+3 nd of Fig- 2, illustrating certain details in boiler construction and also disclosing certain of the baffle members controlling the escape of heated air and burnt gases from the furnace; Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2, showing the position of the grate.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention, 10 indicates an annular base of brick or other suitable material, forming the ash pit of the furnace which is indicated as a whole by the numeral 11, this base being formed at its front with an opening 12 through whichthe ashes from the fire may be removed, Disposed upon this base is an annular grate supporting member 13 carrying the usual grate bars 1 1. The furnace proper 11 is cylindrical in shape, being built of brick directly upon the base 12, the grate bar supporting member 1.3 having its peripheral edges embedded between the base and wall. of the furnace and the furnace wall at its upper end being closed by a top 15 also preferably constructed of brick. The wall of the furnace, in vertical alinement above the opening 12 of the ash pit, is formed with an opening 16 through which a draw bar or other suitable instrument may be inserted to remove clinkers from the grate. A substantially rectangular guard frame 17 has its ends abutting against or extending into the peripheral wall of the base of the furnace at the sides of the openlugs 12 and- 16 and receives an extension of the grate supporting member 13 which in effect forms a transverse partition for the guard, being formed with an opening 18 through which clinker-s drawn from the grate may pass. That portion of the guard member below the grate supporting member 13 is formed with an openingnormally closed by a hinged door 19 which may be raised to permit withdrawal of the ashes from the ash pit' and that portion of the guard member above the grate supporting member 13 is formed with a hinged closure 20 through which an instrument may be passed into the fire pit.

. Mounted within the furnace and resting against the inner wall of the furnace and upon the grate supporting member 13 is an annular lining 21 in the formof a ring of wrought iron which, 11 ltself, 1S lined with fire brick, as shown at 22, the space inclosed within this lining and above the grate constituting the fire pit or combustion chamber of the furnace. Supported directly upon this fire brick lining 22 is the boiler, indicated as a whole by the numeral 23. This boiler is substantially cylindrical in shape and formed with an axial passage or chamber 24. The boiler includes an annular horizontally disposed bottom 25 and top 26 connected by the cylindrical or peripheral wall 27, these parts being formed with abutting flanges whereby they may be riveted or otherwise secured together. The peripheral wall 27 forms the outer wall of the boiler and a second peripheral wall 28, cylindrical in shape but of considerably less diameter than the wall 27, forms the inner wall of the boiler, being secured at its loweredge to the inner edge of the bottom 25 and having its upper edge spaced somewhat below the top 26 of the boiler, which top is formed about its central opening with an upstanding annular flange 29 substantially in alinement with the end of the inner wall 28.

An upstanding annular wall 30 is riveted at its lower end about the upstanding flange 29 of the boiler top 26 and is closed at its upper end by atop 31 having a downwardly' directed} flange 32 which projects within the wall 30 to which it is riveted. This top 31 preferably seats in the brickwork forming the top 13 of the furnace and thus serves to help support the top of the furnace. .The peripheral wall 30 and top 31 provide asteam dome 33 which communicates at its lower end with the top of the boiler and which is shut off from the passage or reservoir 24 by a top wall 34 secured in the upper end of the inner wall 28 of the boiler and closing the reservoir 24 at its upper end. This top wall 34 is formed centrally with an opening and a draft flue 35 passes downwardly through the top of the furnace, the top wall of the steam dome and the top wall 34 of the reservoir to which it is secured.

A plurality of vertically disposed fire tubes 36 are peripherally spaced about the boiler between its inner and outer walls 28 and 27 and open through its top and bottom walls 26 and 25 so that the heated air and gasses from the fire pit pass through these fire tubes to the space surrounding the steam dome 33. The inner and outer walls of the boiler, adjacent the upper end of the reservoir 24, are formed with horizontally alined openings to receive a fuel supply chute 37 which is secured to the walls in any suitable manner and the outer end of 'which opens through the front wall of the furnace, being normally closed by a hinged door 38. Under ordinary conditions, fuel is supplied to the furnace through this chute until the reservoir'24 is substantially filled and as the fuel is consumed fresh fuel is supplied to keep the reservoir filled.

Surrounding the top of the boiler proper and fitting snugly between it and the inner face of the furnace is a bafile ring 39 formed at the rear of the furnace with an opening 40 through which the products of combustion from the space 41 about the steam dome may pass. In like manner, intermediate the height of the boiler a second ballle ring 42 is disposed which fits snugly between the outer wall of the boiler and inner face of the furnace wall and which, at the front of the furnace, is formed with an opening 43 through which the products of combustion may pass from the annular chamber between the baflle members 39 and 42. The furnace wall, at its rear, is formed with an opening to receive one end of a flue 44 through which the products of combustion ultimately escape. Immediately above each of the baflies 39 and 42 and above the lining 22 of the fire pit, the wall of the furnace is formed at peripherally spaced intervals with clean out openings 45 through which soot, ashes and other accumulations of foreign matter deposited from the smoke and burning gases from the furnace may be removed. These clean out openings are normally closed by hinged doors 46 or any other suitable means. Vvater may be supplied to the boiler and either heated water or steam drawn from the boiler by any suitable system of piping, the system employed depending largely upon whether the boiler is used as a source ofsteam supply or a source of hot water supply and no system being shown as it forms no part of the present invention. Assuming that the boiler is filled with water to substantially the level of the lower end of the steam dome, as shown in Fig. 2, and that fire is burning upon the grate l4 and the reservoir 24 is filled with coal, it will be apparent that all air drawn into the fire will pass through the flue 35, a down draft of air through the reserved supply of fuel to the fire being therefore insured. The burning gases and other products of combustion from the fire will pass upwardly through the fire tubes 36, highly heating these tubes and, consequently, heating the water contained in the boiler and will then circulate through the chamber 41 surrounding the steam dome 33. These heated products of combustion will then escape downwardly through the opening 40 of the baflle member 39, will pass completely about the outer wall of the boiler between the baflie member 39 and baflle 42, through the opening 43 in the baflle 42 and again completely about the outer wall of the boiler between the bafiie 42 and fire pit and out the flue 44.

The cost of manufacturing this boiler is considerably less than that of manufacturing boilersnow in use as the boiler is formed separately from the furnace itself and also from the steam dome. Furthermore, it is economical in the use of fuel as,

in addition to heating the water directly by the fire tubes, the steam in the steam dome is superheated by the circulation of heated gases or products of combustion from the furnaceuand all such heated gases are passed completely about the outer wall of the boiler throughout its extent before they escape from the furnace. By forming the bottom wall of the boiler proper horizontally, I provide a relatively flat and broad surface so that any accumulation of dirt from the water or from evaporation of the water may be washed away and no deposits of foreign matter, which would absorb heat, will be left.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In boilers, a furnace having a fire pit lined with fire bricks, an annular boiler mounted within the furnace and resting upon the fire pit and providing a vertical fuel reservoir above the fire pit, means establishing communication with the reservoir through the wall of the furnace and through the boiler, a steam dome closing the top of the boiler, and an air supply pipe leading downwardly through the steam dome into the chamber within the boiler.

2. In a boiler, inner and outer cylindrical walls terminating at their lower ends in a common plane, a bottom wall connecting the lower ends of the walls, the upper ends of the walls terminating in slightly spaced planes, a top member connected to the upper end of the outer wall and spaced above the upper end of the inner wall, a

steam dome connected to the top member, the top member being formed with an opening communicating with the steam dome, a top member connected to the upper end of the inner wall, and an air supply pipe leading through the steam dome and through the top member which is connected to the inner wall.

3. In a boiler, a substantially cylindrical body closed at its ends, a substantially cylindrical steam dome of less diameter than the boiler mounted upon the upper end thereof and communicating with the boiler, a substantially cylindrical chamber formed within the boiler and opening through its lower end, the upper end of the chamber being spaced slightly below the top of the boiler, a fuel supply chute extending through the boiler into the upper portion of the chamber, and an air passage extending through the steam dome into the upper end of the chamber.

l. In boilers, a furnace, a grate having its edge embedded in the wall of the furnace, a metallic ring supported upon and encircling the grate, a fire brick lining for the ring providing a fire pit, an annular boiler mounted within the furnace and resting upon the fire brick lining, fire tubes extending through the boiler, means for supplying air downwardly through the boiler to the fire, a flue extending from the lower portion of the furnace, and means for directing the products of combustion from the upper portion of the furnace after their escape from the fire tubes downwardly and around the boiler to the fine.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JAMES M. BROHERD. 1,. 8.]

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

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