US1206162A - Gas-engine. - Google Patents

Description

B. F. STEWART.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION-msu ocr. 3|. 1912.

l ,206., l 62. Patented Nov. 28, 1916.v

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.l

B. F. STEWART.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION 111.50 oc1.31,1912.

1,206,162. Pawntea Nov. 28, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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B. F. STEWAR.

GAS ENGNE.

APPLICATION FILED ccT. 31

Patented Nov. 28, 19H5.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

BENJAMIN F. STEWART, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1916.

Application led October 31, 1912. Serial N o. 728,791.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. STEW- ART, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines and has for its object to provide a new and improved device of this description.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a two cycle engine embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional View taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional View taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a side view of the cylinders with the air controlling device removed; Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on line 7-7 of Fig. 3; Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 7 g Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 3.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

VReferring now to the drawings, I have shown for purposes of illustration a twin cylinder engine provided with the cylinders 1 inclosed by a suitable casing 2, there being a suitable water jacket for the cylinders located in the casing. In the present case, instead of having the carbureter a separate device outside of the engine, I put the carbureter inside, that is, inside of the outer casing 2. As herein shown, I provide a. cylindrical part 3 inside of the casing 2 and preferably integral with the casing and the cylinders. The cylinders are provided with hollow pistons 3, the explosive mixture passes from the compression chambers of the engine up through the transfer passageways 2b and enters the cylinder through the admission ports 2n. The exploded gas passes out through the exhaust ports 2. This cylindrical part extends from the top of the cylinders downwardly through a portion of their length so as to form the chamber 4. 'This chamber is preferably o-pen at the top for the admission of the carbureter valve and is provided with a closing cap or nut 5. Within the chamber 4 is a. valve which as shown, consists of two pistons 7 and 8 connected together by a suitable connecting piece. Projecting beyond the lower piece 7 is a valve piece 9 which controls an opening 10 in the pipe 10 and through which the fuel supply passes. The gasolene Vor other hydro-carbon passes through pipe 11 to the pipe 10. `The pipe 11 is contained within the casing 2 and extends through the jacket of the cylinders, preferably between the cylinders. The pipe 11 is surrounded by a wall 12, there being an air space 13 between the pipe and the wall so as to prevent the pipe from getting too hot. The gasolene or other hydro-carbon is thus heated on its way to the carburetor and arrives at the carburete'r in a condition where it may casilv be converted into gas. Some means is provided for regulating the temperature to which the hydro-carbon in the pipe 11 is heated. As herein shown, means is provided for admitting outside air into the space 13 surrounding the pipe 11. As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, there is located at the end of the space 13, a movable regulating part 14 consisting of a screw -threaded sleeve through which the pipe passes. This screwthreaded sleeve is provided with one or.

more air admission openings 15. The air admission openings l5 are arranged so that when the sleeve 14 is screwed into its opening to such an extent that the flange 16 is in engagement with the opposed face of the casing 2, said openings 15 are closed so that no air can enter. When it is desired to permit air to enter so as to lower the temperature, the sleeve 14 is unscrewed until the openings 15 reach such a position that air can pass therethrough into the sleeve 14 and thence into the space 13. It will thus be seen that by properly locating these openings 15, any desired regulation of the admissleeve 14 so as to obtain any desired temperature of the gasolene in the pipe 11. Some means is provided for mixing air with the gasolene or other fuel. As herein shown, the casing is provided with a projecting cylindrical part 18 which has an opening therethrough for the valve 19. This valve controls the passage way 20 through which the liquid fuel passes to the valve 19. The valve 19 is controlled by a suitable handle 20a. The stem of the valve 19 is preferably provided with some suitable packing which may be compressed by a threaded sleeve 21.

The casing 2 of the cylinders is provided with a series of air admission openings. As

vsion of air may be secured by moving the shown in Fig. 6, there are four of these openings, 23, 24, 25 and 26. The air admission openings 23 and 24 admit air to the carburetor so as to be mixed with the liquid fuel to produce the explosive gas for the cylinders. 25 and 26 passes up without mixing with the gasolene to the ports 2S and then passes through the admission ports 2"L of the cylinders and the transfer passage Ways 2b to the compression chamber of the engine, as described in my prior application No. 681,564 filed March 4, 1912. Each piston is provided at the top with an upwardly projecting part 2Sa (see Fig'. 2), which keeps the port 26 closed when the piston is in its maximum down position. These air admission openings 23, 24, 25 and 26 are controlled by the air controlling part 29. This air controlling part 29 is mounted upon the pipe or sleeve 10 which incloses the valve 19 and has two walls 30 and 31 inclosing a space 32. A spring 33 normally presses the controlling part 29 toward the casing. The wall 31 is provided with air admission openings 34,

36 and 37. These air admission ports instead of being equally spaced like the openings in the casing 2, are arranged in pairs as shown. The openings 34 and 36 are arranged to partially or wholly register with the openings 25 and 26 and the openings 35 and 3T are arranged to partially or wholly register with the openings 23 and 24, the overlapping or registering area being controlled by moving the controlling device 29. Vhen the openings only partially register, that is, partially overlap, as shown, for example, in Fig'. 5, the air enters the controlling device through a series of openings 27. This air then passes through the portions of the openings 34, 35, 36 and 37 which overlap or register with the openings 23, 24, 25 and 26 so that some of the air enters the lower end of the mixing chamber 4 surrounding the liquid fuel discharge opening 10a and mixes with the evaporated gasolene so as to form the explosive mixture. The explosive mixture passes into the compression chamber. lt will be noted that when the controlling device 29 is moved to increase the overlapping area of the openings 23 and 35, and 24 and 37, it simultaneously decreases the overlapping area of the openings 34 and 26, and 25 and 36, and vice versa, so that as the charge of explosive gas entering into the compression chamber is increased, the charge of atmospheric air entering said compression chamber is decreased, and vice versa, thus permitting a varying amount of explosive gas to be inserted into the compression chamber and at the same time provide a. full charge for said compression chamber. When, for example, the openings 35 and 37 completely register with the openings 23 and 24, the'openings 34 and 36 are The air which enters the openingsv intermediate between the openings 23 and 26, and 25 and 24 so that no air can enter the openings 25 and 26 through said openings 34 and 36. Under these conditions, 1 preferably permit a small amount of air to pass v 34 and 36 completely register with the openf ings 25 and 26, the openings 23 and 24 will be completely closed by the imperforated portions of the wall 31 of the controlling device. The air controlling device 29 may be moved in any desired manner as by means of the controlling handle 39. This engine may be operated with gasolene, kerosene, or other suitable liquid fuel. This liquid fuel passes into the casing through the pipe 11 and is heated to the desired degree by the heat from the engine cylinders. The valve 19 is open and the suction produced by the engine automatically lifts the pistons 7 and 8 and the valve piece 9 so as to move the valve from the opening 10. The fuel then passes out through the opening 10a and is converted into and is mixed with the air entering through the openings 23 and 24. This mixture then passes up to the port 40 into the storage reservoir 41 contained within the casing and preferably located between the cylinders of the engine. The piston 7 has its lower face preferably inclined as shown and the port 40 has its lower edge preferably inclined so that the mixture will be directed upwardly when discharged into the storage chamber. This reservoir 41 may be called a converting storage reservoir for if there is any of the liquid fuel not converted into gas, it will strike the hot walls of the reservoir and be converted int-o gas. This reservoir also forms a storage device for the engine wherein a portion of the explosive gas is stored so that it may be drawn from the moment the port leading to the compression chamber is open. The suction from the engine cylinders removes a portion of the air from between the pistons 7 and 8 and above the piston 3, forming a partial vacuum above said piston, which vacuum holds up the carbureter valve during the intermediate periods when the compression chamber is disconnected therefrom, thus preventing the movement of the carburetor valve to its seat at every stroke of the engine. This prevents the valve from pounding and becoming unduly worn. The explosive g'as from the reservoir 41 passes through the ports 42, into the compression chambers of the engine. Then either of the ports 42 is first open, the vacuum in the compression chamber is comparatively high and thus produces a strong suction upon the carbureter. 1f the supply is taken directly from the carbureter, this strong suction draws out too much gasolene or otherliquid fuel when either of4 these ports is first opened so as to prevent the securing of the proper mixture of air and gas.

When the engine is running at high speed, it is not possible to get a full charge of gas because of the short time the port 42 is open, that is, the short time during which the compression chamber is connected with the carbureter. By providing the converting storage reservoir 4l, these difficulties are obviated because the explosive mixture passes into the storage reservoir so as to fill it. Under these conditions, when either port 42 is open, it will be seen that there is provided this reservoir lof explosive gasto draw from in addition to the carbureter, and hence a proper mixture may be` secured at all times and a full charge of explosive mixture provided, even when the engine is running at its maximum speed. It will thus be seen that this storage reservoir acts at the critical point in the operation to supply the explosive mixture so that the carbureter can get into proper action and supply the remaining portion in proper form. While the cylinders heat this reservoir so as to cause it to convert any liquid fuel into gas, the storage reservoir also helps to cool the cylinders. 1t will be seen that by means Yof this construction the fuel is heated before it passes into the carbureter and is continuously heated while in the carbureter and is further heated after it passes into the storage reservoir. 1n other words, the fuel is heated to the desired and proper temperature all along its path. The storage chamber insures the proper conversion of any liquid into gas so as to secure a thorough and proper mixture with the air before entering the compression chamber. It will further be seen that the carbureter is entirely inclosed within the casing of the engine where it is properly heated by the heat from the cylinders and properly protected, thus insuring its most eiiicient operation.

1 have illustrated in the drawings an oil pipe 43 located in the storage chamber so as to drop the oil at the ports leading to the crank case. This pipe is connected to pipe 44 with the oil reservoir 45 which is also connected by pipe 46 with the crank case so that a continuous circulation of the oil is secured.

I claim:

1. A gas engine having the cylinders cast integral and provided with an exterior water jacket with fuel oil heating means and carbureter and converting and storage reservoir located between the cylinders and within the water-jacket.

2. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a casing for said cylinders and a carbureter within said casing, a receptacle in the casing into which the mixed air and gas from the carbureter are received, a stor age reservoir in the casing, a communication between said reservoir and receptacle and an automatic valve controlling said communication.

3. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a casing for said cylinders, a carbureter contained within said casing and located intermediate the cylinders, a fuel oil pipe entering said casing on the side of the cylinders opposite the carbureter and extending past said cylinders to the carbureter and through which heated oil is delivered to the carbureter.

4. A gas engine comprising two cylinders, l

av casing therefor, a` carbureter, a fuel supply pipe passing through said casing and projecting past said cylinders to said carbureter so that the fuel therein will be heated by the heat from the cylinders, and a wall surrounding said pipe and at a distance therefrom, so as to provide a space between the wall and the pipe.

5. A gas engine comprising a cylinder, a casing therefor,'a carbureter, a fuel supply pipe passing through said casing and projecting past said cylinder to said carbureter so that the fuel therein will be heated by the heat from the cylinders before being delivered to said carbureter.

6. A gas engine comprising a cylinder, a

`casing therefor, a carbureter, a fuel supply pipe passing through said casing to said carbureter so that the fuel therein will be heated by the heat from the cylinders, and means for regulating the temperature of the fuel in said fuel supply pipe.

7. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a casing for said cylinders, a fuel supply pipe extending into said casing between said cylinders so -that the fuel will be heated thereby to assist in vaporizing it, said pipe provided with a discharge opening located within the boundaries of said casing through which the material from said supply pipe escapes, means for mixing air with said material and a valve within said casing for controlling the escape of said mixture.

8. A gas engine comprising two cylinders, a casing therefor, a receptacle in said casing, a fuel pipe projecting into said casing so as to be heated by said cylinders, said pipe provided with a discharge opening contained within the boundaries of said casing so as to discharge the material into said receptacle, said casing provided with a chamber connecting with said receptacle, a valve within said chamber controlling said connection.

9. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a compression chamber for each cylinder, a easing therefor, a receptacle in said casing, afuel pipe projecting into said casing so asl to be heated by said cylinders, said pipe provided with a discharge opening contained Within the boundaries of said casing so as to discharge the material into said receptacle in the casing, means for admitting air to said receptacle, said easing provided with a gas storage device connecting Withv said receptacle, a valve Within said casing controlling said connection, and a connection between said gas storage reservoir and said compression chambers.

l0. A gas engine Comprising a plurality of cylinders, a casing for said cylinders, a fuel supply pipe extending into said easing so that the fuel therein Will be heated by the heat from the cylinders to assist in Vaporizing it, a Wall surrounding` a. portion ot' said fuel supply pipe, means for admitting air into the space between said ivall and said fuel supply pipe so as to regulate the heating of the oil therein.

l1. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a easing for said cylinders, a fuel supply pipe extending into said casing so that the fuel therein will be heated by Vthe heat from the cylinders to assist in vaporizing it, a Wall surrounding a portion of said fuel supply pipe, means for admitting air into the space between said Wall and said `fuel supply pipe, and a controlling device for varying the amount of air admitted therein.

l2. sA gas engine comprising a. plurality of cylinders, a casing for said cylinders, a carbureter in said casing intermediate the cylinders, said casing provided With air BENJAMIN F. STEWART.

Witnesses MINNIE lt/L LINDENAU, DENIE A.. WALTERS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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