US1204150A - Planetary cloth-napping machine. - Google Patents

Description

D. GESSNER.

PLANETARY CLOTH MAPPING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 7,1912.

Patented Nov. 7, i916.

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D. GESSNER. PLANETARY CLOTH NAPPING MACHINE.

APPLlCATiON FILED DEC. 7, i912.

Patented Nov. 7, 1916.

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D. GESSNER.

PLANETARY CLOTH NAPPING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-7.1912.

Patented Nov. 7, 1916.

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D. GESSNER.

PLANETARY CLOTH NAPFING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 7, 1912.

Patented Nov. 7, 1916.

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lili? el?? l DAVID GESSNER, 0F WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

PLANETARY CLOTH-NAPPING TJIACHNE.'

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 7, 119ML To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, DAVID Gnssivnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Vorcester, in the county of lorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planetary Cloth-Napping Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in planetary cloth-nappingmachines, and the objects are to provide a machine having novel features of construction which will result in a greater amount, and a superior kind of work than has been obtainable by such machines heretofore known. I accomplish this through an improved construction of the napping-rolls themselves, improved means of mounting the bearings therefor, better means for maintaining their napping-energy, and by applying a more correct and better gearing for the cleaning-cylinders so that the nappingrolls are stripped in a more eiiicient manner, and the very gearinO' itself is kept intact much longer and runs smoother. ln the past, whenever a demand arose among the textile-trade for an increased output from planetary-napping-machines, the makers of the machines would meet it by simply increasing the number of rolls that make up the napping-roll-drum. rfhis necessitated a larger diameter' of the drum, because the additional rolls would form a wider circle and place the rolls farther out from the drum shaft.

One fault common to all planetary nappers has always been the ballooning of the drum, caused by the springing or thr wing outward of the napping-rolls in the middle, as soon as the drum began to assume some speed. This caused the napping-wires to dig into the cloth harder along the middle than at the sides, if one wide piece of goods was run tirough the machine; or, to nap the inner edges of two narrow pieces, running side by side, much severer than their outer edges, next to the drum-heads. Enlarging the napping-drum diameter, therefore, aggravated this evil. Hence, the textile-manufacturer has been invariably obliged t0 reduce the speed of the nappingdrum Whenever the number of the rolls in the drum were increased by the makers, thus rendering illusory, to a very great extent,

the supposed gain by use of extra rolls, which, moreover, added materially to the cost and maintenance of the machine. F or example, the fact is, a 2stroll machine, as built heretofore, does by no means double the work of a l2 roll machine, any more than a 36 roll machine does half as much again as a 2aroll machine. However, by constructing a much stih'er roll, that is proof against undue springing of its middle, and without materially increasing its weight, l ain enabled to run the napping-drum of my improved machine at a very much higher rate of speed-and without causing it to balloon in the middle-than can be done with the ordinary napping-machine containing many less rolls. This permits a very much greater output of work. Ey next reducing the frictional wear of the bearings, l save power. And by increasing the hugging capacity of the napping roll belts and pulleys, l can maintain a given nappingenergy of the rolls at an even and uniform stage, and with an ease never approximated before by a machine in which the nappingroll speed was controlled ly mere belts. And, finally, by my improved construction of the driving gear of the cleaning-cylinders, the flocks are more edcctually stripped from the napping roll wires, and the life of the cleaning cylinder gear' themselves, as well as of the wires in the cleaner strips, is prolonged far beyond that of similar parts in the ordinary planetary-nappers as built heretofore.

rhe invention consists in the improvements to be more fully described hereinafter, and the novelty of which will be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

l have fully and clearly illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings to be taken as a part of this specification and wherein Referring to the drawing. Figure l shows a front view of my improved machine with the central portion of it, through the lines C, D taken out, and elements removed for the sake of clearness. Figs. 2 and 3 are vertical section views on the line C-) of Fig. l, looking respectively from the right and left of said line C-D. Fie'. l shows a cross-section of my machine in a horizontal plane through the frames, at a point slightly above the stripping or cleaning-cylinders. Fig. 5 is an end view of one of the circular napping-drum-heads containing the napping-roll bearings and the bearing-ring encircling the same. Figs. 6 and 7 show one of the napping-roll pulleys at' the end of a napping-roll in longitudinal and cross-section, respectively, while Figs. S and 9 represent the central portions of two napping-rolls, partly in longitudinal central section, as used, respectively, for wide and narrow goods. Figs. 10 and 11 are details of the cleaning or stripping-cylinder gearing. 1+ lgs. 12 and 13 snow the means for mounting the napping-roll driving-belts; and, Figs. 14, 15, 16 and 17 show various minor details.

Referring to the drawings by characters of reference, and particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, 1 and 2 represent the main vertical end frames of the machine, 3 and 4 the bottom girds, 3 and 4 the upper girds connecting the said end frames, and 5 and 6 are the main-bearings on top of the frames, which hold the drum-shaft 7, to which shaft are keyed the drum-heads 3 (see Figs. 2 and 3), which carry the napping-rolls 9. T he napping-rolls 9, have end journals 10, turning in open l-shaped boxes 11, lropped into and secured within square pockets or seats, 12, formed in a circle around the drumheads 3. The napping-roll journals 10 are kept in place in the boxes 11 by a bea-ring or retaining-ring 13, surrounding them and overlying the journals and closing the openings to the boxes 11, said ring being made in two sec-tions fastened together by coupling or connection pieces 14, secured to the ring sections by the screws 15. This bearing-ring may sometimes be held stationary by brackets 16, bolted to the girds 3 and 4', as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, or it may revolve between roller-bearings 17, held at the upper ends of the brackets 16 as shown in F 5, its weight bein@ supn ported below upon other roller-bearings 19, held by pads 1S, fastened to the crescent iece 20, on top of the cleaning-roller stand 21, (see Fig. 5). Upon shelves 20, of the crescent 20, are placed the three-cornered hollow contact bars 22, (Figs. 14 and 15) around which the cloth passes in its travel to and from the napping-drum, as shown in a line of long and short dashes, the direction of the cloth being indicated by arrows (see Fig. 3).

23 is a napping roll pulley, the outer body of which is formed by sections of wood 26, in every one of which the grain runs radially, so as to bring only the end-grain to 3 bear against the nappingroll belt 31 (see Figs. 2 and 3). These sections 26, are glued together sidewise and formed into two solid spool-likeV sections, slipped over the iron core 23, of the pulley 23, that is keyed to the napping-roll journal 10, and vheld in place by the nuts 24 and 25. This iron core of the pulley has two oppositely placed central wing-portions 29, with holes in them to hold two pins 28. Holes drilled into the wooden spools lit these pins, when the spools are slipped over the iron pulley-core, and the spools are held in place endwise by the circular end-plates 27, screwed to the ends of the core portion 23. A little strip of wood 30, is put over the central wing portion 29, of the core 23, to close the small gap between the two halves of the wooden spool, so as'to render the wooden surface one solid unit.

The nappin0'-roll belts 31, which encircle the napping-roll pulleys are carried around the pulleys by the rotatable spiders 33. rllhe belts are drawn over and around the studs 32, screwed into the spider rims, and their ends are fastened to belt-take-ups 34, passed through openings 33 located'in the spider-fingers 33', projecting out sidewise from the spiders 33, over the napping-roll pulleys. r1`he spiders carry la 1ge sprocket wheels 35 and 36, around which pass sprocket chains 35 and 36, (see Figs. 2 and 3) that are driven from smaller sprocket wheels 35 and 36. The small sprocket 35 is keyed to the end of a countershaft 37 extending across the front of the machine and having bearings 37 upon the platforms 49, and, 61, which extend transversely across the machine from gird 3 to gird 4. Upon the opposite end ofshaft 37 from the end carrying the gea-r 35, is keyed the gear 38, which meshes with the gear 39 fast upon the jack-shaft 40, revolving in bearings 42 and 43 and carrying an expansion pulley 46. he other small sprocket 36', is keyed to a short shaft 44, which carries upon its opposite end the gear 45, that meshes with the gear 46, upon the end of jack-shaft 47, revolving in bearings 48, and 51, and carrying the expansion pulley 47, which, like the said expansion pulley 40', is driven by a. belt 7 actuated by the pulley 7, fastened to and projecting from the end of drumshaft 7, which receives its motion at the op-' posite end from the main driving-pulley 66. The cleaning-cylinders 53, revolve in bearings 52, bolted to the platform-stands 21, upon the platforms 49 and 61. TheseY cleaning-cylinders 53 carry stripper-slats 54, which contact alternately with the nappingrolls, when the machine isset in motion. Said cylinders can be adjusted upward and downward by the regulating screws 52 threaded into the stands 21 and engaging the bearings 52, see Figs. 2 and 3. r1`he cylinders 53 each carry at one end the pinions 55 and 56 respectively that mesh, one internally and the other externally, (Figs. 1()Y and 11), with a two-faced gear 57, fastened to one end of jack-shaft 58, which revolves Vin bea-rings and 61. At the outer end of this jack-shaft 58, is keyed the gear 59, which meshes with an intermediate gear 63, that receives its motion from the main driver gear 64, fast upon the sleeve 65, pref- .erably cast in one piece with the main driving-pulley 66. The' cleaner-cylinder bearings 52, are curved where they bolt to the platform-stands 2l, this curve matching the curved faces of the platform-stands, which faces are made concentric with the gear 57, upon shaft 58. Thus, when the cleanercylinders are adjusted, up or down, the pinions by which they are operated will roll around their pitch-line and will always remain in proper mesh with their driver, which prevents their teeth from breaking out, or-wearing badly or unevenly, as is the case with all other stripper-gearing that moves in a straight line up and down and is thus always 0E the pitch-line and, therefore, getting constantly out of repair, no matter how costly material is used in its make-up, which causes a great deal of trouble and expense.

Figs. 8 and 9 show the middle portions of two napping-roll bodies made of ordinary commercial steel tubing. VAs seen in the drawings7 the roll bodies are made in two sections, instead of being made in one piece only, as heretofore, a connecting sleeve, 9', being brazed into the ends of the two halves with a collar portion 9, in the middle of the sleeve, against which the two sections of the roll bodies abut when united with the sleeve. Brazing this sleeve in the middle of a roll renders it extremely rigid and proof against springing. Hence, a nappingdrum composed of a series of rolls put together in this manner, will offer very much greater resistance to the ballooning of the drum and makes it an easy matter, even at a high rate of speed, to produce a uniformly level nap upon the cloth. When the machine is made for a mill weaving only narrow goods, two pieces of cloth are run through it side by side. In such case the collar portion 9, of the sleeve 9', is not made Hush with the outside of the roll, as in the roll used upon wide cloth. but the collar is raised a little above the roll body, so that a traveling-ring 13', with a groove running around its inner circle, may engage the center collars of the napping-rolls and keep the latter from further springing in the middle. Ihile such a traveling-ring adds a little friction to the running of the rolls, and may require, therefore, a trifle more power than does the machine made for the wide pieces of goods in which no center traveling-ring can be used, this drawback is fully offset by the greater uniformity of the levelness of nap, secured in this manner upon two narrow pieces running side by side.

Making the contact-bars 22 (Figs. 1d and 15) hollow triangular stationary castings, enables me to encircle the napping-drum with the cloth to a greater extent than if I were to use contact-rolls, because rolls, in order to be stiff enough to present the cloth in a perfectly straight line, would have to be of a good deal larger diameter. This would reduce the contact-line of the cloth with the napping-drum very much. Moreover, by mounting the contact-bars 22, upon the crescents 20 on top of the cleaning-roll stands 21, I can shorten them very materially in length. This is a very great advantage, for, if the contact-bars or contactrolls had to be attached to the main frames, they would require an extension of several feet, and this extra length would cause them to spring very much in the middle, presenting the cloth to the napping-drum in a curved, instead of a straight line, as now. By mounting the cleaning-cylinders 53 upon platform-stands E21 on top of the platforms 49 and 61, I shorten the length of their gudgeons by several feet, as compared with cleaning-cylinders that have their bearings fastened to the end frames. This, too, is very important, for it insures a very smooth and steady running of these cylinders, without shake or tremble, which is not an easy thing to do, as the speed at which they re- .volve is a very high one.

Instead of lapping one belt around aseries of napping-pulleys as heretofore, I use two belts 3l, side by side, and fasten them at opposite sides of the spider 33, and in such a manner as to make them work in an unbroken line by having the opening between the pins 32 of one belt come opposite the unbroken middle portion of the other. (See Figs. l2 and 13). Thus there is never a moment when the napping-roll pulleys are out of contact with the belt surfaces. This stops the noise caused by the momentary release of every pulley when passing the gap at the pins 32 that is heard when only one belt is carried by the spider, and stops its accompanying jar against the napping-roll bearing. Furthermore, it permits the use of a much wider face of the napping-roll pulley, because one wide belt is a much more unwieldy thing to handle and will never have the same amount of grip upon the pulleys as two narrow belts placed alongside of each other. I am also able to use a flatfaced pulley instead of a crown-faced pulley as is necessary with a single wide belt. In other words, I get materially more beltpull from the two belts than I used to get from only one belt, and it permits a widening of the belt surfaceto an extent that would be impractical if resort was had to merely one belt alone. By placing the bearing-ring T13- whenever I choose to make it movable--upon and between external bear-v ings, it can, as soon as wear makes itself felt, be easily got at and readjusted to its original concentric position with the main shaft 7, and by making it of more than two parts, or sections, it can be removed or replaced in a few minutes without the aid of a skilled mechanic.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A napping-roll comprising metallic tubular sections, and a rigid tubular coupling and stiffening member having its ends housed within said sections and extending longitudinally thereof a sufcient distance to provide rigidity to the roll and resist ballooning of the same, the portions of the said member within said roll sections being rigidly united thereto by a brazed joint forming an integral structure.

2. A napping-roll comprising metallic tubular sections and -a rigid tubular coupling and stiffening member having its opposite ends housed within said sections and extending longitudinally thereof a suflicient distance to resist ballooning of the roll, said member having aradial flange projecting laterally beyond the ends of the roll sections.

3. In combination, drum heads having circumferentially arranged bearing seats, napping-rolls having journals seated in said seats, retaining rings surrounding the heads and closing said seats, and external bearings upon which said rings travel.

4. In combination, a drum head having lcircumferentially arranged bearing seats,

napping-rolls having journals seated in said seats, a retaining ring surrounding the head and overlying the portion of the journals in said bearing seats, and means external of said ring for supporting' the same.

5. In combination, drum heads having circumferentially arranged bearing-seats, napping-rolls having journals seated in said seats. retaining-rings surrounding the heads jand lclosing said seats, and external rollerbearings upon which said rings travel.

G. In combination, drum heads having circumferentially arranged bearing seats, napping-rolls journaled in said seats, a retaining-ring surrounding the journals of the rolls, and external roller-bearings upon which said ring travels.

7. In combination, a napping-roll drum, a cleaning cylinder beneath said drum, a

,driving gear meshing with va pinion on said cylinder, and means whereby said cylinder is adjustable toward and away from the drum in a path concentric with the axis of rotation of said gear.

8. In combination, a napping-roll drum, cleaning cylinders beneath said drum, a driving gear having internal and external teeth meshing with pinions on said cylinders respectively, and means whereby said cylinv`ders are adjustable toward and away from the drum in paths concentric with the axis of rotation of said gear.

9. In combination, a napping-roll drum, cleaning-cylinders beneath said drum, a driving gear having internal and external teeth meshing with pinions on said cylinders respectively, and means whereby said cylinders are adjustable toward and away from the drum in paths concentric with the axisk of rotation of said gear, said gear being mounted to revolve on an axis concentric with the paths of adjustment of said cylinders.

10. In combination, a napping-roll drum, standards beneath said drum having circular faces, bearings adjustably mounted on said faces, cleaning cylinders journaled in said bearings, and a driving gear journaled concentrically with said bearings and having internal and external teeth meshing with pinions on said cylinders respectively.

11. In combination, a napping-roll drum, standards beneath said drum having circular faces, bearings'adjustably mounted on said faces, cleaning-cylinders journaled in said bearings, and a driving-gear having internal and external teeth meshing with pinions on said cylinders respectively, curved supports, and bearings for the cylinders mounted on said supports and movable thereon, said curved supports being concentric with the axis of rotation of said gear.

12. In a napping-machine, in combination, end-frames, a napping-roll drum journaled therein, standards between the end frames, and contact-bars on the, said standards.

13. In napping-machine, in combination, end-frames, a napping-roll drum journaled therein, standards between the end frames, and contact-bars on the said standards, said bars consisting of hollow castings triangular in cross section.

14. In a napping-machine, in combination, end-frames, girds connecting the same, platforms supported by the girds, standards on said platforms, and cleaning cylinders on the standards.

15. In a napping-machine, in combination, end-frames, girds connecting the same, platforms supported by the girds, standards on said platforms, and cleaning-cylinders and contact-bars on the standards.

16. In a napping-machine, in combination, a napping-roll drum, and a contact bar located adjacent the drum and consisting of a hollow member triangular in crosssection and having rounded corners, said bar serving to hold the cloth in engagement with the drum.

17. In a napping-machine, in combina.- tion, end-frames, girds connecting said endframes, platforms supported by the girds, standards on the platforms, cleaning-cylinders, bearings therefor mounted on the Standards, and driving gea-ring for the oyl- In testimony whereof I have hereunto lnders mounted on one of the platforms. signed my naine 1n the presence of two sub- 18. In it nappnganaehne, n combna- Scrbing witnesses. tion, end frames, a napping-roll drum joui"- DAVD GESSNER.

` naled therein, Standards between the end Vxtnesses:

frames and having shelves, and a. Contact-bar M. E. MCNINCH, supported on said shelves. C. G. HEYLMUN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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