US1202277A - Power-hammer. - Google Patents

Description

H. D. FAHNER. POWER HAMMER.

:rens w.. Nom-uma.. wnsnma mn, a4 c.

Patented oct. 24,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. D. FABNER.

POWER HAMMER.

APPLICATIQN mso mus fr. |915.

Patented oct. 24,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W1 TNESSES.-

E- Irzdr, INVENTOR Allorrzey narran stares earner ernten.

HARRY D. FARNER, OF MOUNT JEWETT, PENNSYLVANIA. Y

POWER-HAMMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1916.

Application led J une 17, 1915. VSerial No. 34,691.

hammers, and its object is to provide a` power hammer of small size capable of operating successfully in bench sizes and also capable of successful operation in larger sizes, and especially in sizes useful to blacksmiths and other artisans.

In accordance with the present invention there is provided a framework carrying an anvil with a post in spaced relation thereto on which is mounted a hammer having a head in operative relation to the anvil. The post also carries a shaft provided with a friction member toward and from which another friction member is movable, being loosely mounted on the shaft and shiftable by devices under the control of the operator. Power is applied to the shiftable clutch member by a belt or otherwise. The shaft carries an eccentric connected to the hammer by rock'able and flexible connections in a manner permitting the reciprocation of the hammer and the delivery of a powerful blow by the hammer without vundue strain upon the actuating parts.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, with the further understanding that while the drawings show a practical form of the invention, the latter is not confined to any strict conformity with the showing of the drawings, but may be changed and modified so long as such changes and modifications come within the scope of the appended claims.

In the drawings :--Figure 1 is aside ele` vation with some parts in section of a power hammer constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is plan view of the structure of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation with some parts in section of the elastic actuating means for the hammer. Fig. 1 is a plan view with some parts in section of a portion of the structure of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings there is shown an elongated base plate 1 with one end 2 laterally expanded and at an intermediate point provided with an upstanding post 3, while the other -end of the base plate terminates in an upright l on top of which there' is provided a journal bearing 5.` The base plate 1 in the larger sizes is customa-V rily mounted on a block 6 in turn supported Y i upon a foundation 7 whichmay be of con* crete on a level with the floor of the building in which the hammer is installed. The block 6 and foundation 7 are to be taken merely as indicative of any suitable means of-supporting the base'plate 1 and parts .carried thereby. In the smaller sizes the The structure is designed particularly for relatively light work, being readily driven in the smaller sizes of a e H. P. electric motor while the larger sizes can be driven by a 1 H. P. electric motor.

Rising from the laterally expanded end 2 of the base l is an upright anvil 8 which for purposes of lightness may have its lower end cored out, as shown at-9, and extending through the upper end of the anvil is a passage 10 for the reception of the shanks of dies and the like.

On the side of the post 3 towardthe anvil 8 is a boss `11 at aV height corresponding to the bearing 5, and the boss and post are bored through in line with the bearing 5for the reception of a shaft 12 carrying at the end extending through the boss 11 and to- `ward the anvil 10 an eccentric 13 keyed or otherwise fastened to the shaft. v

Fast to the shaft y12 on that side of the post 3 remote fromthe anvil is a hub 14 having al laterally expanded head 15 with a flat face on which is secured friction material 16. Facing the friction material 16 is a friction disk 17 fast on a pulley 18 mounted on the shaft 12 to rotate independently thereof, and also movable lengthwise of the shaft toward and from the head 15 with itsfriction face 16. The pulley 18 is designed to receive a belt by which the pulley is rotated from a countershaft or from an electric motor, as may be found to he desirable. The pulley 18 is formed on the end remote from the disk v17 with a' hub 19 having a circumferential groove 2O therein. Seated in the groove 20 is a strap 21 having diametricall oppositely directed pins 22 thereon exten ed through the endsv t25orf `:end of which is madeifast tothe foot board iand the::other to aibail 31 carried by the zanvil. 8.

A*The top'ofthe posti?) is formed linto a 'head'.32 traversed' by a rod 33 and-straddled by one end '34 of an arm'35,said end 34 -being in theztorm of afyoke tostraddle the head l32 and the ends. ofl the yoke are traversedby'thefrod 33, `which latter is held to the, yoke 34 by' pins 36 or otherwise. The

other yend of the arm 35 is seated in a hammer ihead 371'and is provided with a threaded stem continuation 38 projecting through the hammerhead and there receiving. nuts'39, by means-of which vthe hammer :headis made z'fastto the arm 35 in positioni to `override the: anvil 8, the parts being properly proportioned'fonthe purpose.

"Theueccentricf 13 is encircled by an eccentric-strap 40: having ears 41 atV diametrically `opposite ends torrespective ones-'of'which -arexconnected' links 42,143. ``The link 42 has the. end remote 'froml that connected `to the eccentric .fstrap .pivotally connected to the corresponding end. of anangle arm 44, while the link43-haslthe eend remoteifrom the leccentricstrapthreaded,as shown at 45, and :extended 4through `a block 46 pivotally mounte'd in one Y.en'dof an angle arm 47 similaritozithe arm V44. The threaded end 45 has nuts f45a appliedthereto. VThose ends ofthenarms i44..and :47 .which Yare connected to the links42zand 43 diverge, while`the other ends Vof .these arms, indicated lat 48, 49, respectively, are connected by pivot bolts `5Ofto opposite ends. of a crosshead 51 longitudinally splitv-withI the parts` connected tolgether-by :bolts 52. Midway `ofthe length socket 53Ik in which is seated a ball 54 having afstem or neck v .extending through an opening 456 'communicating with the socket l"53. .That-end of the 4stemf55^remote from the ballA 54 isscrew threaded, as shown at y57,iandthis threaded end stapped through fthe larm 35 which may: be there widened, as shown iat58. `'lhefthreaded end 57 of the Vstem, 55 .is secured tothe arm 35 by nuts59.

471 4are in the normal 'position of the parts quite or f approximately parallel and Aadjacent tof thebend of thearms each Vis trav- :ersed by a 'passage 60 insali-nement with that .of the other. i V'lhrough `the A'alined passages there is extended a bolt 61 threaded at both ends and there carrying nuts 62 and Washers L63. Between the arm extensions 48 .and 49 the bolt or rod 61 has loosely thereon spring receiving heads 64 receiving corresponding ends of a Compression spring 65 surrounding the rod 61.

'lVhere .the shaft 12 traverses bearings such bearings may be babbitted. Vhere lubrication is needed lubricating passages 1.66 are provided and in order to properly lubricate the clutch member 18, which is in 'the yform otra `pulley loosely mounted on the shaft 12 the latter has an aXialbore 67 yfor lubricant fed by a lubricant cup 68. Of course, any other suitable means of supplying lubricating material may be provided.

:Infthe position of the parts shown in the drawings the hammer head 37 -is at -about `its nearest approachto the anvil 8 with the parts at rest. Then it is desired to start ,the hammer into motion the operatori presses 'up Vand vdown and llateral reciprocating movements imparted to them. 'Thefup and .down movement is impartedr by the stem 55 to the arm35-which vis' thereby rocked with the 'rod;33"in theibearings inthe head32 and the hammer'37 iscorrespondingly reciprocated'toward and from the anvil 8. When the hammer head 37 is moved toward the anvil 8-it may continue itsmovement beyondthat to which itis carriedby'the :eccentric 113, sincefthe lowering-movement of the'hammer head is elastically resisted `bythe-spring 65 :and thefcompression ot' l"the spring will permit f the arms 44 `and 47 tomove4 downwardly, the`links`42 and v43"'provilding a .yielding connection between the armsf44and l47 and `the eccentric strap. The result is? thatthe down-.stroke of ther hammer, which .isr the` powerstroke, is

an inertia stroke ,that is, the momentum of Ythe'uhammer permits'it to override the distance to which'it is carried bythe power imvpulsesand'to deliver upon the work a powerful blo-wl if: the workbe just' out of reach of fthe positionftoiwhich the hammer is positively carried. f `The ends "48 `,and `49offthe arms 44 and and 62 thef relation'ofV the links 42and43 to Byz suitable adjustments of the nuts 45a the ends of the arms 44 and-47 and to theeccentric 13 is` readily adjusted. In' this way the'ha'mmermay be so connected to the'eccentric asto cause the'hammer; to strikey the work before the downward limit of movement of the hammer under the positive action of the connections between the hammer arm and eccentric 13 is reached, or as occurs in the adjustment shown in the drawings, the limit of travel of the hammer under the direct action of the eccentric 13 may be reached before the hammer actually strikes the work. In the latter case the momentum of the hammer determines the blow.

The connections between the eccentric which may be taken to represent the driving power and the arm '35 which may be taken to represent the hammer, permit a great variety of adjustments as to the character and force of the blows delivered, which blows may occur in very rapid succession or more slowly, in accordance with the speed of the driving pulley 18.

As already stated the invention is susceptible of embodiment in such small size as to permit its use upon a work bench with the employment of a driving force such as would be supplied by a H. P. electric motor. Again, the invention is susceptible of embodiment in such large size as to need a 1 H. P; electric motor for the driving means, and such a hammer structure is well adapted for use by blacksmiths, since it can readily handle metal up to two inches in thickness.

It will be observed that the hammer head 37 is readily removable and may be replaced by any special tool or die to coperate with another die lodged on the anvil 8, wherefore the hammer head 37 may be taken as indicative of any suitable tool other than a hammer.

Moreover, if the structure be mounted on a bench rather than on a special base the treadle has its foot receiving portion suitably extended or dropped for the purpose.

`What is claimed is 1. In a power hammer, a reciprocable hammer, a rotatable driving member for reciprocating the hammer, and connections between the driving member and hammer comprising oppositely movable associated arms connected at one end to the hammer, links connecting the other ends of the arms to the driving member, positive means for determining the spread of the arms, f and elastic means interposed between the arms and resisting their approach.

2. In a power hammer, a reciprocable ham mer, a rotatable driving member for recip cating the hammer, and connections betwee the driving member and hammer compris ing oppositely movable associated arms con nected at one end to the hammer, links con necting the other ends of the arms to th driving member, positive. means for deter n mining the spread of the arms, and elasticl means interposed between the arms and re-l sisting their approach, the means for determining the separation of the arms having adjusting means for regulatingrits 'effective length.

3. In a power hammer, a reciprocable hammer, a rotatable driving member for reciprocating the hammer, and connections between the driving member and hammer comprising oppositely movable associated arms connected at one end to the hammer, links connecting the other ends of the arms to the driving member, positive means for determining the spread of the arms, and elastic means interposed between the arms and resisting their approach,y the means for determiningthe separation of the arms having adjusting means for regulating its effective length, and the connections between the driving member andthe arms also having adjusting means for determini-ng the' effective length of said connections. l

4. In a power hammer, a reciprocable hammer, an eccentric driving means for the hammer, and connections'between the eccentric driving means and thehammer comprising a cross head connected to the hammer, divergent arms each ypivoted at one end to the cross head and there Yseparated with the other ends of the arms separated to a greater extent than the pivot ends, links connecting the divergent ends of the arms to the eccentric, a rod connecting the arms lbetween the eccentric. and cross head and determining the extent of separation of the arms, and a spring interposed between the arms and in surrounding relation to the rod and yielding to the approach of the arms.

5. In a power hammer, a reciprocableV hammer, an eccentric driving means for the hammer, and connections between the eccentric driving means and the hammer comprising a cross head connected to the hammer, divergent arms each pivoted at one end to the cross head and there separated with the other ends of the arms separated to a greater extent than the pivot ends, links connecting the divergent ends of the arms to the eccentric, a rod connecting the arms l between the eccentric and cross head and deltermining the extent of separation of the arms, and a spring interposed between the farms and in surrounding relation to the rod fand yielding to approach of the arms, the cross head having a universal connection with the hammer.

6. A power hammer comprising a base member, an anvil upstanding from the base Hmember, a post also upstanding from the ase member in spaced relation to the anvil, rock arm mounted on the post, a hammer ead carried by the rock arm at the end remote from the post and in operative relation o the anvil, an eccentric carried by the post, yieldable connections between the eccentric and rock arm, a driving member mounted to rotate in the same'axis as the eccentric,

and sa tcliutchf between 'the l'eccentric :and the driving lmember e for coupling-them together. 7 A power hammer comprising a ibase ,mem-herman anvil upstandingfrom the base Amember, ayypostffalso .upstanding from the baseimernberin spacedfrelation to the anvil,

alroelniarmfmountedl :on: the.post, aV hammer -head` carried by .the-rockffarmat the Tend remote` from- `thefpost :and in .operative rela- Y 10 tion-:tothe xanvil, anreccentric carried by the Y. pest, yieldable .connections betweenk the eccentric-Jandfroek arm,an'd-fa.cluteh for con- -nectingr` ther eccentric.' to a sourcer of power, isaid? eccentric :and: rocky armf having connecrtions-fbetween`them inethefform of: a jointed y member-fwith 4npposed 4ypartsg.yieldable in a f', directie-ni one towardv the other and provided with A,a springA fzfor resisting @such yielding movementfand positively lasting Vmeans' `for preventing separation-ofthe yielding; mem- @bersbeyond .a predetermined limit.

- 28.lnanpowerzhammen athammer `head ,and carrier therefor-inV the form of apivot- .edf-farm, -atdrivingfmeans in the form of an eccentric, andconnections betweenA the eccentric vandthe hammerv kcarrying arm having f .opposed fmembersfwith devices positively de- Vf.te:rmi -nir 1g the @separation i of ...said lopposed fmemberssand Aelastically ,-yieldable..-to the .ap- 30.,proachipfvsaidgmembers M9. Ag'powerihammer comprising a basic 1 memberV with an -.anvil uprising a therefrom near one end, and a post near the other end, -a powerhammer pivotally mounted on `the post and having a head in operative relation v to theanvil, a shaft carried by thefopost With 'an eccentric .at one `end and provided Vwith `a. clutch having one member fast' to the shaft `and the other member rotatable thereon and ythecliitch, a-treadle fast to the end of the lever remote from theiclutch'. and extend-y i-ng `toan accessible point adJacentto the anvil, .and a spring at the accessible end of the treadle for holding itin an elevated position .and thereby separating the clutch members. p

In testimonythat I claimthe foregoing as my own,I have hereto affixed kmy signature in the presence of twowitnesses;

JH'ARRY D. Witnesses W. L. HAznN, J. C. 'MOORHEAIL l.fcppiessofi,thigapatentinaybembtained; for ve cents. each.by addressing the "Commissioner of Patenti:`

Washingtoml) C.

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