US1200132A - Kiln. - Google Patents

Description

J. RALSTON.

KILN.

APPLICATION men JUNE 30. 1915.

1,200,132. Patented Oct. 3,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

a Tiii 3mm Jis'qai fawn l. RALSTON.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30. I9I5- 3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

Wihwoo JOSEPH RALSTON, OF GRANT PARK, ILLINOIS.

KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 3, 191

Application filed June 30, 1915. Serial No. 37,290.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Josnrn RALSTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grant Park, in the county of Kankakee and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in kilns, especially that type adapted for burning tile and brick.

The object of my construction is to,,.provide an arrangement designed to obtain or insure a uniformity in the firingfprocess at all points with respect to the objectsto be fired, with a view to obtaining a superior product.

In constructions ofthis character, the dif ficulty which is most frequently encountered is the application of the'heat or fire so as to be as efiective at onev point as another, or in other words, so that the intensity of the heat at the top and center of'the articles to be burned will be practically the same as at the bottom or the nearest point'of appli-' cation of said heat. Not only is this ac oomplished by my invention, but a further advantageous feature incident thereto is the control of the source of heat such that the even distribution with respect to the objects contained in the kiln is obtained.

With the above and other objects in view, this invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts all as hereinafter more fully described, claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

' Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a kiln constructed in accordance with myinvention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken about on the plane indicated by the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on the planeindicated by theline 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary front ele vation of one of the firing'holes, parts being broken away and shown in section. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the damper members disposed for cooperating with a lateral outlet for the heating chamber. Fig. 6 is a similar view of a type of damper or valve for the covering of the chamber. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 7-7 of Fig. 1.

Throughout the following detail description, andon the several figures ofthe drawposed;

'neath the floor 11 of said chamber.

is introduced into said chamber through the ings, similar parts are referred to by like reference characters.

Describing the preferred construction of my type of kiln and referring to the draw ings 1, 2 designate-what may be termed, for the purposes of this description, the end walls of the kiln, and 3, 4, the side walls thereof, forming a substantially rectangular chainber or housing in which the' plastic materialto be fired is adapted to be dis- The chamber thus constituted is provided-with a covering or roof, of any desired construction, but, preferably, as disnumber of firing holes or boxes 7 beneath each of which is located the ashpit 8. It will be apparent, particularly by-reference to Fig. 2 of the drawing, that a series of these fire holes is arrangedin each end of the kiln, and, furthermore, that said fire holes are alternately arranged with respect 7 to each other for reasons hereinafter to be more fully disclosed. The fire. holes being arranged below the surface of the ground,

obviously protect the fires as is desirable in I constructions of this character. At one end aretaining wall 9 is built in spaced relation to the fire holes at this side so as to provide suitable space for firing and removal of ashes. Each fire box? communicates with the interior of the chamber through a flue or passage 10 extending longitudinallyTple- 1S floor is preferably constructed of tile, brick or similar material to withstand and retain heat, and arranged within the chamber, at each end thereof is a deflecting wall 12, spaced from the contiguous end wall a suitable distance to allow the fire or heat to pass between the same and into the'upper portion of said chamber. The material to be fired doorway 13 and arranged between the defleeting walls 12 hereinbefore described. It

baffle 14 which extends substantially the en- 105 tire length of the passage, the function of said bafiie being to spread the fire and to insure effective heating of the floor surface hereinbefore mentioned so that said heat issubstantially as effective at this portion as at the bottom of the heating chamber beneath which the flues extend. In order to bring or draw the heat and flame, as desired, downwardly, within this chamber and about the objects to be fired, I provide a plurality or series of outlets 15 in each of the side walls 3, 4, these openings communicating with a lateralpassage 16' at each side of the construction, said passagesleading to V a stack or chimney 17. The inner wall for the passage 16, designated 16 is disposed in spaced relation to'the fire boxes at this end of the kiln to conform to the spaced wall 9 at th'e opposite end.

Each of the outlets 15 is provided with a damper 'of any desired construction, such as illustrated in Fig. 5 and designated 18, said damper being provided with a handle '19. so as to 'enable'the outlet to be properly con- 7 trolled. Now it will be observed that the fire boxes are located in the ends of the'kiln and the diametrically opposite outlets 15 in the sides thereof so that the regulation'of these outlets will draw; the heat in these lateral directions and thereby obtain a most uniform distribution or circulation of the heat'within the "firing chamber. If more heat is desired in any one point, the damper corresponding to this location may be opened a greater extent and thereby draw the heat toward said location, as desired,

and likewise reduction of the heat at the desired'point may be accomplished by closing of the proper damper.

The elfective control of excess heat within the chamber is accomplished by the operation of damper valves 20 which are provided for openings 21 inthe covering for the heating chamber, one of said dampers being illustrated" in Flg. 6/ Manual operating,

members 22 are connected to the dampers in any desired manner so that when the heat in the kiln becomes excessive said valves vmay be opened and the excess heat allowed 'tie rod :24;

It will be apparent from the foregoing description that a most effective control may be exercised over the heating action with this construction of kiln and by proper manipulation, a uniform distribution of the heat is secured, necessarily resulting in a better product than is obtainable with the use of kilns not provided with heat sources and outlet controls situated in the manner hereinbefore described. 1

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new is:

A kiln of the class described comprising a chamber, a series of heat sources located at one side of said chamber, below the floor thereof, a second series ofv heat sources similarly located at the opposite side of said chamber from-the first series, passages leading from the respective heat sources to the interior of the chamber, opposite deflecting walls'in the chamber arranged transversely of the respective passages whereby to direct the heat to the upper portion of said chamber, plurality of outlets arranged adjacent to the bottom of the chamber at each of the other sides thereof from the heat sources, a stack at one end of the kiln, a flue at each openings to'more or less control excessive :heat in the chamber and counteract the draft through the lateral outlets aforesaid.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

JOSEPH RALSTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the"-Gommissioner of Eatenta.

' Washington, D. c. V r

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