US1199364A

US1199364A - Hydraulic-power transmitter.

Info

Publication number: US1199364A
Application number: US84240914A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hermann Foettinger
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1914-06-02
Filing date: 1914-06-02
Publication date: 1916-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 1933-09-26

Description

H. FUTTINGER. HYDRAULIC POWER TRANSMITTER.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE 2. 1914. I PatentedSept. 26,1916.

2 SHEETSSHE ET I.

mum/1410B WW 7 WITNESSES I ATTORNEY H. FUNINGERT HYDRAULIC POWER TRANSMITTER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2, TQM.

- Patented Sept. 26,1916.

. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A TTOR/VEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FfiTTING OF ZOPPO'I, NEAR DAIlll'ZIlZG, GERMANY. I

HYDRAULIC-POWER TRANSMITTER.

pire of Germany, have invented certain new .anduseful Improvements in Hydraulic- Power Transmitters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in hydraulic power transmitters, and more particularly to thattype disclosed in my prior and co-pending application, Serial No. 322,395, filed June 19th, 1906. In the various forms of transmitter shown and broadly claimed in said application the power is transmitted from one driving member to another by means of a liquid receiving kinetic energy from a centrifugal pump impeller, and giving up that energy to a rotor in the form of a turbine preferably coaxial therewith and disposed closely adjacent thereto. In certain of the forms disclosed in said application the entire circuit for the liquid is made up of the driving and driven members while in other forms an intermediate liquid guiding member is employed 'for delivering the liquid from one to the other without appreciableloss of yelocity or kinetic energy. The guiding v.member when.-z.delive ring fr'onnthe to the driven member -may have its vanes or blades so disposed as toefi'ect the rotation of the driven member in the same direction or in the opposite direction to that of the driving member. My present invention in: volves certain of the forms illustrated in said prior application and in which the driving and driven members are disposed co-axially, with the liquid delivered from the former and received by the latter, in substantially radial directions and in parallel planes normal to the common axis of rotation. The guiding member encircles both driving and driven members and includes a set of vanes orjblades spaced to form passages receiving the outwardly moving liquid and directing it inwardly into the driven member. If desired two sets of guiding vanes or blades-may be provided either one of which might be employed, the selection determining the direction or character ofrotation of the driven member in respect to. the driving member.- In my present application I have illustrated not I Specification of Letters Patent.

only certain subject-matter divided out of my prlor application above referred to, but have also shown a further embodiment/of the invention hereinafter claimed but upon the details of which Imake no specific claim in this application.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings in which. similar characters .of-

corresponding .zpa'rts reference indicate throughout the several views. v

Figure 1 is a partially longitudinal section of one form which my invention may assume, the guiding member being stationary and having but one set of passages; Fig. 2 is a similar longitudinal-section of a second form, having a stationary guiding member with two sets of passages; Fig. 3 is a similar view of a third form with a movable guiding member; Fig. 4- is a simi lar section to that shown in Fig. 3, but with the parts in adjusted position; Fig. 5 is a developed diagrammatic section through the liquid passage and showing the set of guiding vanes for giving the same direction of rotation to driving and driven members; Fig. 6 is a similar developed section show ing the vanes for reverse rotation of the driven member; Fig. 7 is a partial longitudinal section of a further form, the parts being shown more in detail; and Fig. 8 is a sectional detail showing a slight modification of a portion of the form shown in. -Fig. 7.

which no provision is made for reversal or for speed variation. In this form, which '-operates on the same principle as one which was disclosed in my prlor application above referred to, there is employed a driving member 10, keyed or otherwise rigidly secured ,to a drivin shaft 11, and having vanes on blades de ning a set of passages, whereby the drlving member serves as a.

centrifugal pump impeller and throws 1i uid out substantially radially from its peripherally disposed series of outlets. A very similar member 12 mounted on a .driven ten -g inward radially from theperipheral su ace, and delivering substantia l v axially I Patented Sept. 26, 1916. Application filed June 2, 1914. Serial No. 842,409.

. bers.

transmittersmay bevaried by varying the relative proportions or shape of the parts or by varying the angle of the vanes or blades in the driven or guiding members. Further more, a variation of the form of these vanes or blades serves tocontrol the direction of rotation of the driven member. In Fig. 5 I

have shown somewhat diagrammatically a development of the three members, the blades or vanes in theguiding member 15 being so formed that the liquid in leaving the driving member in' a substantially tangential direction is directed against the blades of the driven member in substantially the same direction. In Fig. 6 I have shown a somewhat similar development in which the vanes or blades in the member 15 are so curved that the liquid leaving the driving member in a substantially tangential direction will be deflected and guided against the blades of the driven member to impart a rotation to the latter in a direction opposite to that of the driving member. I of course do not desire to be limited to any specific form of vanes or blades, as these may be varied, dependent upon the character Where the parts of the Work to be done. are non-adjustable and the guiding member has but one set of blades as'in Fig. 1, the

vanes of the driven member would preferably be slightly curved to better utilize the kinetic energy of the liquid.

By supporting the guiding member outside of and encircling both of the working wheels comprising the driving and driven members, the guiding member may be more easily and firmly supported and betweenthe relatively movable parts friction is reduced. The cost of "manufacture is likewise lessened as parts may be more easily and accurately manufactured, and there is less leakage between the mem- Furthermore, the guiding member may be mounted entirely within a symmetrical casing which incloses the driving and driven members and supported so as to move axially therein. The guiding member may fit in the casing in such manner as to permit the use of the fluid in the casing not only for the transmission of power from the driving member to the driven member but also as hydraulic power means for bodily displac- 'ing the guiding member and retaining it in the desired position.

In Fig. 2, I have shown another form of "power transmitter, which is similar to one which was illustrated in my prior application, above referred to. In this transmitter,

the driving member is provided with two sets of vanes or blades 16 and 17 and the driven member is also provided with two

sets

18 and 19. Concentric with the tWo members and encircling them is a stationary guiding member having two sets of guiding passages 20 and 21.. The driving, driven, and guiding members thus define two entirely separate sets of annular passages, one made up of the.

passages

16, 21 and 18, and the other made up of the passages 17, 20 and 19. The vanes in one of the passages of the guiding member for instance the passage 21 may deliver the liquid without material change of direction as far as the direction of rotation of the driving member is concerned substantially as shown in Fig. 5, while the vanes in the other passage, for instance the passage 20, may deliver the liquid in the reverse direction substantially as shown in Fig. 6. Suitable pumping or liquid transferring means (not. shown), is provided whereby the liquid of either circuit may be withdrawn and liquid delivered to the other circuit. Whilethe liquid is in one passage the other would ordinarily run idle. With the driving member rotating in a given direction the driven-member may rotate in either the same or the reverse direction depending upon which circuit is filled with liquid.

In Figs. 3 and 4, I have illustrated a form in which the guiding member has two sets of passages and may be shifted axially to bring either of its two sets into registry with a single set in the driving, member. Here the driving member has a set of passages 20 and the driven member has. two

sets 21 and 22 delivering to the single set' 11 20 of the driving member. The peripheral. surface of both the driving and driven members are substantially cylindrical and the guiding member encircles it and includes the ,two concentric sets of passages 23 and 2 1.

The passages are so formed that when the passage 23 of the guiding member is in registry with the driven member it will deliverliquid to the passage 22 of the driven member as shown in Fig. 3. The inlet as well as the outlet to the passages 24 of the guiding member will be closed by Walls 25 and 27. Upon shifting the guiding member axially from the position shown in Fig.

3 to the position shown in Fig. 4, the passages 23 of the guiding member will be rendered inoperative by walls 27 and 28,

and the passages 24: will receive liquid from the driving member and deliver it to the passages 21 of the driven member.

thus control the direction of rotation and relative speed of the latter. It will further be, evident that by stopping the guiding member in an intermediate position the liquid delivered to the guiding member and from the latter to the driven member may be controlled and the speed and direction of the driven member thus regulated. For instance, if the guiding member be moved to andheld in a position intermediate that shown in Fig. 3 and that shown in Fig. 4, a .part of the liquid thrown out from the driving member; will enter one annular series of passages. 24 and a part of it will enter the other annular series of passages 25. These will counteract each other and therefore no energy will be imparted to the driven member and the latter may remain stationary. While the driving member is rotating at full speed the driven member may operate at full speed forward or backward or at any intermediate speed or may remain stationary dependent upon the position of the guiding member.

The forms above described in detail and which involves the same principle of operation and the same invention as certain forms which were previously disclosed in my prior application Serial No. 322,395, of

June 19th,'1906, co-pending herewith, possess certain advantages by reason of the fact that the guiding member encircles both the driving and the driven member and that the outer peripheral faces of both the driving'and the driven members are cylindrical and closely juxtaposed to the inner cylin-' drical surface of the guiding member. The form shown in Figs. 3 and 4 possesses a further advantage in that the speed as well i as the direction of rotation of the driven member is controlled by an axial shifting of the non-rotatable guiding member.

As coming within my broad invention, I have illustrated in Fig. 7, a further em bodiment of my invention, but in this application I make no claim to any of the specific details or features not found in the other forms illustrated. Here instead of the two guiding passages being concentiic as in Figs. 3 and-4, they are arranged side by side so that there need be but one set of vanes and passages in the driven -member. In this specific form the power transmitter includes a primary wheel in the form of a centrifugal pump impeller '30, having blades adapted to deliver the liquid radially shaft.

or in' a direction having a very material radial component .and a secondary wheel 31 adjacent thereto, constituting a turbine and having a set of blades or vanes againstwhich the liquid may impinge to effect the rotation of the driven member. This guides the liquid toward the center so-tliat' it may be taken up again by the driving member. The driving and driven members are wedged and keyed or rigidly secured in any other suitable manner to the driving and driven shafts 32 and 33, the latter being mounted in suitable bearings, which resist the end thrust. The two wheels or members are mounted inside of a casing 34 which serves to support .a movable guiding member 35, having two sets of passages .36 and 37, each including liquid directing vanes or blades. I

/ The primary wheel 30 which is positively rotated from the source of power for instance a .steam turbine, serves to transform the mechanical power of the motor into hydraulickinetic energy which again is changed back into mechanical energy in the driven member and passed on to the driven The annular guiding member. 35 serves to direct and deliver the liquid from the peripherally disposed series of outlets of the primary wheel to the peripherally disposed series of inlets of the secondary wheel, and serves to control the angle of liquid delivery necessary to secure the desired ratio of gearing and direction of rotation.

The guiding apparatus with its two separate sets of vanes or blades can be axially moved and retained in the desired'position, so that it is possible to secure any desired speed or direction of rotation of the driven member between full speed forward and full speed backward without varying the speed or direction of rotation or the direction of rotation of the driving member. The vanes or blades 36 of the guiding member may be so formed as to deflect the liquid but a slight amount from the direction which it received in leaving the driving member as in Fig. 5,

and this set would be used for normal formoved to the opposite limitingposition, the

' driven member will be rotated in the opposite direction. While theguiding member is being moved from one position toward the other, the inlets and outlets of the section of the guiding member-which were in registry with the outlets andinlets of the driving and driven members, will pass out of registry and the fiow of fluid and the transmission of power will be correspondingly decreased. For instance, when the member 35 has moved toward the left from the position shown in Fig. 7, to such a point that the inlet to the section 36 no longer registers with the outlet from the driving member 30, there will. be no transmission of power and the driven member may come to a stop. As the movement of the member 35 continues, the inlet to the section 37 will come into registry with the outlet from the driving.

member 30 and the transmission of power in the opposite direction will begin. The

amount of power transmitted will continue to increase until the member 35 is in the final position and the passages; 37 are in perfect registry with those of the driving and driven members. axially slidable, liquid-guiding member may occupy either of two limiting positionsor any intermediate position, and will cause the driven member to rotate either full speed forward, or at full speed backward, or at any intermediate speed, or to remain stationary,

without any change in the direction or speed but as it'forms no portion of mypresent invention, I havenot thought it necessary to illustrate the same.

For shifting thev position of the annular liquid guiding member I may use either hydraulic pressure or mechanically actuated mechanism. It will be noted that the easing which incloses the driving and driven members and supports the guiding member in the forms shown in Figs. 7 and 8, has annular off-set portions or channels at each end which may alternately receive the two sections of the guiding member, when the latter is shifted. The guiding member may and preferably does fit suflicientlytight, so that upon forcing predetermined quantities of liquid into one annular chamber or pocket, and withdrawing it from the opposite one the two members may be shifted to any intermediate position between the extremes.

To prevent rotation of the annular guiding member and at the same time to insure the axial movement of all parts in parallelism, and thus'avoidtilting or skewing,

Thus, the annular,

ter and suitable levers or other mechanisms connect these points so that movement at one point is accompanied by an equal and simultaneous movement at every other point. Instead of relying upon hydraulic power to shift the guiding member I may rely solely upon mechanically applied power or use the two in conjunctionwith each other. In Fig. 7 I have shown a screw member 38 parallel to the axis of rotation of the power transmitter and having threaded engagement with a projection 39 on the guiding member 9 5. The screw member is held against longitudinal movement by a suitable bearingjtO, and carries a pinion ll keyed thereto. By'rotating the pinion it will be noted that the guiding member is pulled or pushed endwise depending upon thedirection of rotation. Thisscrew member may be driven in any suitable manner, but preferably there are a plurality of such members spaced about the center of the machine and all of the pinions mesh with a large gear 42,.s0 as to insure simultaneous and equal rotation.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a modified form of shifting device in which a rod 43 is rigidly secured to a flange 44 on the guiding member. The rod extends through a stufling box 45 and its outer end is threaded through a pinion 46. The pinion is held against longitudinal movement, so that by rotating the pinion, the rod is forced to move endwise and to thus bring the guiding member to the desired position. The mechanism shown in Figs. 7 and 8 may operate as the sole shifting means or may operate in conjunction with hydraulic pressure. The guiding member may be moved from one extreme position to the opposite extreme position in. a very few seconds and by arranging the liquid guiding sections side by side as shown in Fig. 8, the liquid will begin-to be delivered to the driven member so as to reverse the direction of the latter before the guiding member reaches its final position. Therefore by the time it does reach its final position, the driven member may be brought to a complete stop, or may have already started rotating in the reverse direction.

The shafts of the driving and driven members are supported in suitable bearin s and the casing is provided with suitable stu ing boxes. These may contain soft packings when low speed of rotation is em loyed, and may be made absolutely tight. T e casing may be provided with all of the necessary appurtenances of a detailedcharacter which do not involve my invention, and which I have not shown. Such appurtenances may'include air cooks for letting air out of the casing, discharge and sup ly cocks or valves, a'tachometer for the secondary shaft and pressure gages or other mechawhat I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is:

1. A hydraulic power transmitter including a rotatable driving member, having a series of peripherally-disposed liquid outlets in the same radial plane, a rotatable member driven by the liquid, saidgmembe'r being disposed closely adjacent to said first mentioned member and coaxial therewith andhaving a series of peripherally-disposed liquid inlets in a radial plane adjacent to but spaced from said' first mentioned plane,

and a liquid guiding member encircling said driving and driven members and having a series of curved passages leading from said inlets to said outlets. q

2. A hydraulic power transmitter including a centrifugal pump impeller provided with discharge passages delivering in a sub stantially radial plane, a turbine member having a series of inlet passages receiving in "a substantially radial plane. and a member includin an annular series of curved passages receiving liquid from said driving member and delivering it to said driven member.

3. A hydraulic power transmitter including a centrifugal pump impeller provided with discharge passages delivering in a substantially radial having a series 01 inlet passages receiving .ina substantially radial plane, and a mem ber encircling both of said first-mentioned members and including an annular series of curved passages receiving liquid from said driving member and delivering it to said driven member.

4. A hydraulic power transmitter including a centrifugal pump impeller provided with discharge passages delivering in a substantially radial plane, a turbine member having a series of inlet passages receivingin a substantially radial plane, and a member including an annular series of curved passages receivin liquid from said driving member and delivering it to said driven member, in a direction to efiect the rotation of the driven member in the same direction as the driving member.

5. A hydraulic power transmitter including acentrifugal pump impeller provided with discharge passages delivering ina substantially radial plane, a turbine member having a series of inlet passages receiving in a substantially radial plane, and a member including an annular series of curved passages receiving liquid from said member and delivering it to said driven. member in a direction to effect the rotation of the,

driven member in adirection opposite to that of the driving member.

lane, a turbine member apparatus, the combination of a rotatabledriving 'member, a rotatable driven member, said members being arranged side by side, and a guiding member encircling said driving and driven members and serving to transfer liquid from one to'the other without material loss of kinetic energy, said driven member including two independent sets of passages.

9. In combination a rotatable driving I member, a rotatable driven member co-axial therewith, and an annular guiding member encircling said first-mentioned members and including two separate sets of passages, one

when in operation serving to efiect rotation of the driven member in the same direction as the driving'member and the other when in operation serving to effect rotation of the driven member in the opposite direction to that of the driving member.

10.'A fluid gear including two turbine wheels arranged co-axially and an annular guiding member encircling said turbine wheels, and including two liquid passages either one of which ma be brought into operation by an axial shifting of the guiding member. g

11. A fluid gear having a primary and secondary wheel -disposed co-axially and a liquid guiding member encircling both of said. wheels and movable axially to control 'the delivery of liquid from the primary tion and the other for the reverse direction of said secondary wheel, and means interposed between said primary wheel and the reverse vanes of said secondary wheel to change the direction of the How of the liquid issuing from the primary wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

14. In a hydraulic power transmitting apparatus, the combination with a primary turbine wheel, of a secondary turbine wheel comprising two series of vanes arranged coaxially with the vanes of said primary wheel, one series serving for the ahead direc tion and the other for the reverse direction 0! said secondary wheel, means interposed between said primary wheel and the reverse vanes of said secondary wheel to change the direction of the flow of the liquid issuing from the primarywheel, and liquid guiding means interposed between said primary wheel and the ahead vanes of said secondary wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

15. In a hydraulic power transmitting 'apparatus, the combination with a primary turbine wheel, of a secondary turbine wheel comprising two series of vanes arranged coaxially with the vanes of said primary means, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

16. In a hydraulic power transmitting apparatus, the combination with a primary turbine wheel, of a secondary turbine wheel comprising two series of vanes arranged coaxially with the vanes of said primary wheel, one series serving for the ahead direction and the other for the reverse direction of said secondary Wheel, and non-rotatable means interposed between said primary wheel and the reverse vanes to change the direction of the fiow'of water issuing from the primary wheel.

17. In a hydraulic power transmitting apparatus, the combination with a driving turbinemember, of a driven turbine member comprising two series of vanes, one series servingrfor the ahead direction and the other for the reverse direction of said driven member, and a member interposed between said driving member and the reverse vanes of said driven member to change the direction of the flow of water issuing from said driving member, two of said members being relatively movable axially, for the purpose described.

Signed at Danzig, Germany, this 7th day of May, A. -D. 1914.-

DR, HER-MANN FoTTINGER.

\Vitnesses ERNST SPRUNERK, R. FICHTNER.