US1197304A - Process for proofing hats of straw and the like and said product. - Google Patents
Process for proofing hats of straw and the like and said product. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1197304A US1197304A US67125812A US1912671258A US1197304A US 1197304 A US1197304 A US 1197304A US 67125812 A US67125812 A US 67125812A US 1912671258 A US1912671258 A US 1912671258A US 1197304 A US1197304 A US 1197304A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hat
- wax
- straw
- cellulose
- substance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 25
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 24
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229940014259 gelatin Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229940079938 nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 nitro-cellulose compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- IWYGVDBZCSCJGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-n-methylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CNC(C)CC1=CC(OC)=C(C)C=C1OC IWYGVDBZCSCJGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012185 ceresin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012182 japan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004722 stifle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B1/00—Hats; Caps; Hoods
- A42B1/14—Straw hats; Substitutes therefor
Definitions
- HERBERT P. PEARSON OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO CRAVENETTE (10., U. S. A, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.
- This invention relates to the manufacture of hats of straw, chip (hast) and like materials and has for its particular object an improved method of finishing the same for the purpose of making them waterproof and capable of being washed.
- manufacture of hats of this kind it is customary to soak the hat in an aqueous solution of gelatin and after drying, to shape it by pressure at a temperature at which the gelatin is softened.
- the gelatin when the hat is dried imparts to the material of which the hat is composed the stiffness necessary to retain its shape and also gives it a smooth finish.
- a film of collodion or nitrocellulose protects the gelatin to a certain extent from the softening action of water, but it does not prevent water from clinging to the hat, which water will gradually soak through in spite of the film of nitro-cellulose. It has also been proposed to render the gelatin insoluble in water by adding to the gelatin solution in which the hat is soaked formaldehyde or substances which liberate formaldehyde during the shaping operation. It has been found however, that the use of formaldehyde-holding agents alters the gelatin in such a way as to make it gummy and rubber-like, so that difficulties occur in the shaping operations and the hat is not so crisp as it would be if treated with the ordinary gel atin solution alone.
- waxes or substances similar to waxes such as paraiiin wax, ceresin wax, beeswax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, stearic acid, or stearln, all generically termed by me as wax-like substances.
- wax-like substances have the effect of preventing water from clinging to the hat and of causing rain drops to immediately run off.
- the hat is preferably coated with an additional waterproof varnish, which both assists in the shedding of the water from the hat and also protects the wax-like substance from the softening influence of the sun.
- the figure is a conventional illustration of a straw hat, treated in accordance with the present invention.
- H represents the hat soaked and stiffened in the usual gelatin solution.
- A indicates the preliminary coating of wax-like substance
- B indicates an outer film of a cellulose compound which acts like a varnish.
- the different coatings of wax-like substance and nitro-cellulose compound although preferably applied separately as hereinafter described, do not necessarily appear as separately applieddayers inthe resultant film.
- the line of demarcation between the separately applied layers of wax-like substance and cellulose compound is not necessarily as clear as that illustrated in the drawing, and it might be hard to determine in the finished product whether the waterproofed film upon a hat were made up of separately applied layers of wax-like substance and cellulose compound, or of one layer containing the wax-like substance and cellulose compound previously mixed in some common solvent.
- the hat is first soaked in a suitable size such as a hot gelatin solution containing the usual bleaching materials, and is afterward shaped by pressure and the application of heat in a. manner now well known and practised in the art.
- a hat thus prepared is then evenly coated with the wax-like substance, baked in an oven at a temperature above that at which the wax-like substance melts, so that it will be absorbed by the straw fiber of the hat.
- the hat After cooling to a sufiicient degree to allow the wax-like substance to harden, the hat is further treated with a waterproof varnish which may be any cellulose compound which is soluble in acetone, such as, for instance, cellulose acetone, or cellulose ester, or nitro-cellulose, and the hat is then finally dried and finished.
- a waterproof varnish which may be any cellulose compound which is soluble in acetone, such as, for instance, cellulose acetone, or cellulose ester, or nitro-cellulose
- the wax-like substance may be applied to the hat in any convenient way ;for instance, the hat may be painted or sprayed with a solution of paratlin wax, or the waxlike substance while in a molten condition may be sprayed onto the hat, and the cellulose compound may be similarly applied by spraying it, While in solution, onto the hat.
- the hat may be painted or sprayed with a solution of paratlin wax, or the waxlike substance while in a molten condition may be sprayed onto the hat, and the cellulose compound may be similarly applied by spraying it, While in solution, onto the hat.
- a straw hat of average size it is preferred for a straw hat of average size to employ about 6 drams of wax and about 35 drams of a nitro-cellulose solution, which, when dried, leaves about 1% drams of nitro-cellu lose in the form of a film.
- the wax coating upon the hat prior to the application of the cellulose compound, since fairly satisfactory results may be obtained by applying first the waterproof film of the cellulose compound, such as nitrocellulose dissolved in acetone and then later applying the wax thereto. It will be found in this manner of carrying out the process, that the wax will permeate more or less into the film of the cellulose compound and give the same a capacity for shedding water.
- the advantage, however, of applying the wax coating first to the hat is that the cellulose compound film when afterward applied, protects the wax film more completely' from the effects of the suns rays.
- Hats of straw and similar materials when treated in accordance with this invention are practically waterproof, and the effect of the wax-like substance is to prevent the water from clinging to the hat as it does to a hat which has been waterproofed with a nitro-cellulose varnish alone, and the hat retains the same stiffness as when finished with the latin m'ze alone.
- a straw hat having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and some compound of cellulose which is characterized by its solubility in acetone.
- a straw hat having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and nitro-cellulose.
- a straw hat having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and some compound of cellulose which is characterized by its solubility in acetone, the quantity of the wax-like substance in said waterproofed film being greater than said cellulose compound.
- a straw hat having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and some compound of cellulose which is characterized by its solubility in acetone, the approximate pro ortions being four parts of the wax-like substance to one part of the cellulose compound.
- stance and some compound of cellulose hich is characterized b g ed at Ne Y its 1 b W ork mt N acetone, the quantity of the w x lil r d gi th day of January, 1912 ew York fins stance in s id fil b HERBE 5 greater than the q n itg d c l l l sg 2 32 5 y' esses: ON.
Landscapes
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
Description
H. P. PEARSON.
PROCESS FOR PROFING HATS 0F STRAW AND THE LIKE AND SAID PRODUCT.
APPucATwu HLED JAN-15,1912.
Patented Sept. 5, 1916.
J fan IMF Me sea jrer. mason M a atfarnew.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
HERBERT P. PEARSON, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO CRAVENETTE (10., U. S. A, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.
PROCESS FOR PROOFING HATS OF STRAW AND THE LIKE AND SAID PRODUCT.
Application filed January 15, 1912.
'0 all arr/1.0m it may concern Be it known that I, IInnuEu'r PINK PEAR- soN, a subject of the King of England, residing at 22 Basinghall street, London, E. (1., England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for Proofing Hats of Straw and the like and Said Product, of which the following is a clear, full, and exact description.
This invention relates to the manufacture of hats of straw, chip (hast) and like materials and has for its particular object an improved method of finishing the same for the purpose of making them waterproof and capable of being washed. In the manufacture of hats of this kind it is customary to soak the hat in an aqueous solution of gelatin and after drying, to shape it by pressure at a temperature at which the gelatin is softened. The gelatin when the hat is dried imparts to the material of which the hat is composed the stiffness necessary to retain its shape and also gives it a smooth finish. An objection to a hat of this char acter is that when it is exposed to rain, water penetrates into and dissolves or softens the gelatin, causing the latter to swell so that the hat loses its shape and crispness. Attempts have been made to provide such hats with a finish which is impervious to water and it has previously been proposed to treat them with a gum or collodion varnish for the purpose of making them waterproof.
A film of collodion or nitrocellulose protects the gelatin to a certain extent from the softening action of water, but it does not prevent water from clinging to the hat, which water will gradually soak through in spite of the film of nitro-cellulose. It has also been proposed to render the gelatin insoluble in water by adding to the gelatin solution in which the hat is soaked formaldehyde or substances which liberate formaldehyde during the shaping operation. It has been found however, that the use of formaldehyde-holding agents alters the gelatin in such a way as to make it gummy and rubber-like, so that difficulties occur in the shaping operations and the hat is not so crisp as it would be if treated with the ordinary gel atin solution alone.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Sept. 5, 1916.
Serial No. 671,258.
In the present process, these prior disad vantages are avoided by treating a hat which has been previously stiffened and shaped by the aid of gelatin in the ordinary way, with waxes or substances similar to waxes such as paraiiin wax, ceresin wax, beeswax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, stearic acid, or stearln, all generically termed by me as wax-like substances. These wax-like substances have the effect of preventing water from clinging to the hat and of causing rain drops to immediately run off. After the application of the wax-like substance, the hat is preferably coated with an additional waterproof varnish, which both assists in the shedding of the water from the hat and also protects the wax-like substance from the softening influence of the sun.
In the drawing, the figure is a conventional illustration of a straw hat, treated in accordance with the present invention.
H represents the hat soaked and stiffened in the usual gelatin solution.
A indicates the preliminary coating of wax-like substance, and B indicates an outer film of a cellulose compound which acts like a varnish. It should be understood, however, that in an actual hat treated by this process the different coatings of wax-like substance and nitro-cellulose compound, although preferably applied separately as hereinafter described, do not necessarily appear as separately applieddayers inthe resultant film. In other words, the line of demarcation between the separately applied layers of wax-like substance and cellulose compound is not necessarily as clear as that illustrated in the drawing, and it might be hard to determine in the finished product whether the waterproofed film upon a hat were made up of separately applied layers of wax-like substance and cellulose compound, or of one layer containing the wax-like substance and cellulose compound previously mixed in some common solvent.
In carrying out the present process, the hat is first soaked in a suitable size such as a hot gelatin solution containing the usual bleaching materials, and is afterward shaped by pressure and the application of heat in a. manner now well known and practised in the art. A hat thus prepared is then evenly coated with the wax-like substance, baked in an oven at a temperature above that at which the wax-like substance melts, so that it will be absorbed by the straw fiber of the hat. After cooling to a sufiicient degree to allow the wax-like substance to harden, the hat is further treated with a waterproof varnish which may be any cellulose compound which is soluble in acetone, such as, for instance, cellulose acetone, or cellulose ester, or nitro-cellulose, and the hat is then finally dried and finished.
The wax-like substance may be applied to the hat in any convenient way ;for instance, the hat may be painted or sprayed with a solution of paratlin wax, or the waxlike substance while in a molten condition may be sprayed onto the hat, and the cellulose compound may be similarly applied by spraying it, While in solution, onto the hat. I have found that very satisfactory results are obtained by the use of parafiin wax melting at a temperature of approximately 54 centigrade, but the other waxes above mentioned also give satisfaction. It is preferred for a straw hat of average size to employ about 6 drams of wax and about 35 drams of a nitro-cellulose solution, which, when dried, leaves about 1% drams of nitro-cellu lose in the form of a film.
Although preferable, it is not absolutely necessary in the practice of this invention to apply the wax coating upon the hat prior to the application of the cellulose compound, since fairly satisfactory results may be obtained by applying first the waterproof film of the cellulose compound, such as nitrocellulose dissolved in acetone and then later applying the wax thereto. It will be found in this manner of carrying out the process, that the wax will permeate more or less into the film of the cellulose compound and give the same a capacity for shedding water. The advantage, however, of applying the wax coating first to the hat is that the cellulose compound film when afterward applied, protects the wax film more completely' from the effects of the suns rays.
Hats of straw and similar materials when treated in accordance with this invention are practically waterproof, and the effect of the wax-like substance is to prevent the water from clinging to the hat as it does to a hat which has been waterproofed with a nitro-cellulose varnish alone, and the hat retains the same stiffness as when finished with the latin m'ze alone.
I wish it to be understood that the particular details of my process as heretofore described, may be variedwithout departing from the spirit of my invention, and accordingly I desire to have the following claims broadly interpreted so as to cover the 2 full scope of my improvement.
What I claim is:
1. The process of Waterproofing hats of straw and the like, which consists in applyingsthereto a surface coating of a wax-like su tance so that the same is absorbed by the straw fiber of the hat, and separately applying a surface coating of some cellulose compound which is characterized in acetone.
2. The process of waterproofin hats of straw and the like, which consists in applying thereto a surface coating of a wax-like su stance so that the same is absorbed by the straw fiber of the hat, and separately applying a surface coating of some cellulose compound which is characterized in acetone, said wax-like substance being applied in larger quantity than said cellulose compound. 3. The process of waterproofing hats of straw and the like, which consists in applying thereto a surface coating of a wax-like substance so that the same is absorbed by the straw fiber of the hat and separately applyin a surface coating of a solution of nitro-ce ulose.
4. The process of waterproofing straw hats and the like, which consists in first impregnating said straw with a solution of gelatin allowin the same to stifl'en therein, and then applying thereto a surface coating of a wax-like substance so that the same is absorbed by the straw fiber of the hat, and separately applying a surface coating of some cellulose compound which is characterized by its solubility in acetone.
5. As an article of manufacture, a straw hat having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and some compound of cellulose which is characterized by its solubility in acetone.
6. As an article of manufacture, a straw hat having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and nitro-cellulose.
7. As an article of manufacture, a straw hat having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and some compound of cellulose which is characterized by its solubility in acetone, the quantity of the wax-like substance in said waterproofed film being greater than said cellulose compound.
8. As an article of manufacture, a straw hat having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and some compound of cellulose which is characterized by its solubility in acetone, the approximate pro ortions being four parts of the wax-like substance to one part of the cellulose compound.
9. As an article of manufacture, a straw hat impregnated with a gelatin size and having upon its outer surface a waterproofed film comprising a wax-like substance and some compound of cellulose Signed at New York city, New York this which is characterized by its solubility in 12th day of January, 1912. acetone, the quantity of the wax-like sub- HERBERT P. PEARSON.
stance in said film being substantially Witnesses: greater than the quantity of cellulose oom- BEATRICE Mmvrs, pound. ABRAM BERNSTEIN.
stance and some compound of cellulose hich is characterized b g ed at Ne Y its 1 b W ork mt N acetone, the quantity of the w x lil r d gi th day of January, 1912 ew York fins stance in s id fil b HERBE 5 greater than the q n itg d c l l l sg 2 32 5 y' esses: ON.
P und. BEATRICE Mfiw ABRAM BERNSTEIN It is hereby" certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,197,304, granted Septercber 5, v 1'9l6, unon the epplication ci Herbert YhPeaIrsom-oFLondonJ England, for an 4 imnrovement in Processes for Proofing Hats 0f Straw and the like and Said lrodnctfl errors appear in the printed s pecificetion requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line claim 1, sarne page, line 79, claim 2, before the word cellulose the word dissolved} same page, line 73, claim 1, and line 80,claim 2, after the word cheracterize insert the words by its solubility; end that the said Letters Patent should be read rvith these correctichs therein that the same may conform to record of the case in the Patent Ofiice. I
S igned and sealed this 3d day of October, D'., 1916.
{B n i A I F. w. 11 CLAY,
I 1' Acting Commissioner of Patents.
ions in Letters W No. 1,191,304.
Correct It is hereby certified thatin Letters Patent No. 1,197,304, granted September 5, 1916, upon the application of Herbert P. Pearson, of London, England, for an improvement in Processes for Proofing Hats of Straw and the like and Said Product, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows:
Page 2, line 72, claim 1, sarne page, line 79, claim 2, before the word cellulose" insert the word dissolved; same page, line 73, claim 1, and line 80, claim 2, after the word characterized insert the words by its solubility; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.
Signed and sealed this 3d day of October, A. D., 1916.
[SEALJ F. W. H. CLAY,
Acting Commissioner f Patents.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US67125812A US1197304A (en) | 1912-01-15 | 1912-01-15 | Process for proofing hats of straw and the like and said product. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US67125812A US1197304A (en) | 1912-01-15 | 1912-01-15 | Process for proofing hats of straw and the like and said product. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1197304A true US1197304A (en) | 1916-09-05 |
Family
ID=3265247
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US67125812A Expired - Lifetime US1197304A (en) | 1912-01-15 | 1912-01-15 | Process for proofing hats of straw and the like and said product. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1197304A (en) |
-
1912
- 1912-01-15 US US67125812A patent/US1197304A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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