US1196343A

US1196343A - Apparatus for disintegrating metal articles.

Info

Publication number: US1196343A
Application number: US87946?14A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alfred De Back
Original assignee: Goldschmidt Detinning Co
Current assignee: M&T Chemicals Inc
Priority date: 1914-12-29
Filing date: 1914-12-29
Publication date: 1916-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 1933-08-29

Description

A. DE BACK.

APPARATUS FOR DISINTEGRATING METAL ARTICLES. APPLICATION FILE'D DEC-29. l9l4.

1 T 9@,%3 Patented Aug. 29, 1916.

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A. DE BACK.

APPARATUS FOR DISINTEGRATING METAL ARTICLES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.29. 19M. Lw.,%o 'PatentedAug. 29,1916.

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ALFRED m; BACK, or nssEN-oN-THE-r UHn, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GOLDSCHMIDT DETINNING COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION or NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR DISINTEGRATING METAL ARTICLES.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented A11 29, 1916.

Application filed December 29, 1914. Serial No. 879,463.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED on BACK, subject of the King of Hungary, and resident of Essen-ori-the-Ruhr, in the Province of the Rhine, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Disintegrating Metal Articles, Especially Enameled Iron and Steel lure, of which the following is a specification. v In order to make waste metal articles again lit for smelting it is necessary to disintegrate same and to separate therefrom any coatings such as enamel with which they may be coated. For this purpose many devices and processes have already been proposed. For instance the articles have heretofore been flattened, bent, and out between suitable cutting rollers. These cutting rollers generally comprised steel disks arranged in such a manner that always one steel disk entered into the space between two steel disks of the other roller. By the cutting eifect obtained in this manner the articles were cut into strips which were removed in a suitable manner from the spaces between the disks by means of scrapers projecting into the spaces. This manner of disintegrating the articles has the drawback that the cutting disks lose in efliciency by becoming blunt.

According to the present invention the articles are compressed and then bentand stretched or pulled between rollers in such a manner that they are torn to pieces, as distinguished from being cut to pieces. For this purpose the material to be treated passes through rollers the surfaces of which are grooved or fluted in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the rollers.

The vertically grooved rollers are situated opposite to one another in pairs in such a manner that the projections of the one roller enter into the grooves of the other. The material arriving between these rollers will be forced to adapt itself to the peculiar shape of the roller-surface. It is therefore forcibly pressed into the grooves of the rollers and is bound to be torn by this procedure because the material is not elastic enough to completely fill up the grooves. 'Hand in hand with this disintegration of the waste sheet metal articles is the separation of the enamel which may coat these articles, and it has proved very useful to carry out these two act tions in one and the same apparatus. Henc ",ofore in devices of this kind the enameled articles have first, for example been flattened, then bent in undular manner between longitudinally grooved or fluted rollers thereupon stretched again between a pair of more closely grooved or fluted rollers which have a greater circumferential speed and finally cut into strips in a cutting device. This alternate bending and stretching again of the flattened articles in the longitudinal direction of the axis of the rollers is an effective means for the removal of the enamel. This effect will be surpassed, however, if the articles to be treated besides being bent in the longitudinal direction of the axis of the rollers are also bent 'ierpendicularly to this direction. This kind of bending can however be carried out in an excellent and simple manner by means of those rollers which at the same time serve for tearing up the material. If in a series of horizontally grooved or fluted rollers there are also included rollers which are vertically grooved and of different circumferential speeds, the material is corrugated or undulated in the direction of the axis of the rollers as well as perpendicularly to this direction and straightened again so that the enamel will be completely removed. At the same time the material will be torn to pieces by the vertically grooved or fluted rollers.

In the accompanying drawings such a device is shown by way of example.

Figure 1 shows a front view of the device for carrying out the process; and Fig. 2 shows diagrammatically in a side elevation the arrangement of the series of rollers.

The articles to be disintegrated and deenameled as for instance iron-pots, cans, and the like vessels are first split open at two places and then bent up, whereupon they are introduced between rollers a and a which rotate in opposite directions and which pull the articles into the machine. These rollers are in the direction of the longitudinal axis fairly deeply grooved and are mounted on the frame of the machine in such a manner that during their movement the projections of the one roller enter into the grooves of the other roller. The material arriving between these rollers will be pressed together and at the same time bent or corrugated in an undulated Way. Under these rollers a second pair of rollers 7) 6 is arranged being of similar shape to the first one, but showing the difference that a greater number of grooves is provided. The articles leaving the first pair of rollers are seized by the second pair, and, the circumferential speed of this pair being greater than that of 'the first pair, are straightened again. This difference in circumferential speed may be caused in any suitable manner. In the present instance, it is caused by the fact that the periphery of the rollers of the second pair is greater than that of the rollers of the first pair, and as the rollers of each pair are rotated at the same angular velocity, it is evident that the rollers of the second pair will have a greater circumferential speed than those of the first pair. As soon, however, as the articles have passed this second pair of rollers, they have again obtained a corrugated or undulated shape. Owing to the bending and stretching and the renewed bending of the articles the enamel is partially broken so that it falls off. Between these rollers the articles are bent only in the horizontal direction. In order to bend them also in the vertical direction a third pair of rollers c c, is provided, the rollers of which are grooved or fluted in such a manner that the grooves are .arranged perpendicularly to the grooves of the preceding rollers. Also with this pair of rollers a projection of the one roller enters into a groove of the other. As soon as the pieces of sheet metal come between these rollers they are corrugated or undulated in such a manner that the corrugations run in a direction perpendicular to that of the previous direction. By these means the enamel which had not been removed by the horizontal bending of the articles is broken. This vertical bending may, however, cause a tearing and consequently a dis integration of the sheets. If the material is not so elastic that it will be pressed into the grooves of the one roller by the projections of the other roller it must be torn. This, however, has only a favorable efiect for the total separation of the enamel because by this means further openings are produced in vessels which may still be closed but have been compressed from which the enamel already separated can fall out. Below the pair of rollers c c, a fourth pair of rollers (Z (Z, and a fifth pair 6 6 are arranged. In the fourth pair, the sheets coming from the rollers c are stretched again, and then again undulated in a direction perpendicular to their direction of travel and in the last pair of rollers the sheets receive once more an undulated shape perpendicular to this direction. Also in this last pair of rollers a further tearing and thereby a further disintegration of the articles may take place analogous to that of the pair of rollers 0 0 The articles leaving this last pair of rollers are totally freed from enamel coatings.

It is not absolutely necessary that the rollers should be arranged in such a manner as shown on the drawings. It is possible for instance to arrange the series horizontally and also to vary their sequence. Further more the material can be passed from the bottom to the top through the machine in stead of from the top to the bottom. If the enameled articles are introduced from below the advantage will be obtained that the clean material does not come again in contact with the detached enamel. In the other case the detached enamel falls upon the already cleaned pieces of sheet metal so that the latter will again he soiled.

What I claim is:

1. Apparatus for treating waste enameled articles comprising at least two pairs of rollers, one pair being capable of corru gating the articles in one direction and feeding them to the second pair and the second pair being capable of corrugating the articles in a different direction, the circum ferential speed of the rollers of the second pair being greater than that of the rollers of the first pair.

2. Apparatus for treating waste enameled articles comprising a plurality of pairs of rollers adapted to corrugate the articles in two directions, the rollers of certain pairs having a greater circumferential speed than the rollers of the preceding pair, for the purpose described.

3. Apparatus for treating waste enameled articles comprising two pairs of rollers, the rollers of the first pair being provided with circumferential corrugating means and the rollers of the second pair being provided with longitudinal corrugating means, the circumferential speed of the rollers of the second pair being greater than that of the rollers of the first pair, for the purpose described.

4. Apparatus for treating waste enameled articles comprising means for corrugating the articles in one direction, and means for corrugating the articles in a different direction and simultaneously exerting tension on the articles being discharged by the firstnamed means.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED on BACK. [L. s] lVitnesses:

HELEN Norma, ALBERT NUFER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.