US1194997A - Oil-pbess - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 15,

2 SH EETS-SHEET M. B. GREEN.

` OIL PRESS.

\ APPLICATION HLED APR.4.1916.

attenua,

M. B. GREEN.

0|L PRESS.

APPLICAIION FILED APR. 4| 1916.

1,194,997. PatentedAug. 15,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

www@ i oEEioE.

MICHAEL B. GREEN, OF MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

OIL-PRESS.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

Application led April 4, 1916. Serial No. 88,903.

T 0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL B. GREEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Memphis, in the county of Shelby and State of Tennessee, have invented new and useful Improvements in Oil-Presses, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to oil presses and more particularly to the boxes and mats used in connection therewith.

As is well known, the old process of pressure by extraction using the old style hair mat has great advantages in point of quantity of oil expressed, owing to the porous character of such mats whereby maximum expression is allowed. Such method of extraction,liowever, is slow and expensive, and in order to overcome this objection it has heretofore been proposed to use mats in the form of perforated metal plates. This perforate plate method is much more rapid and much less expensive than the hair mat method, but objectionable on account of less yield, due to deficient porosity, and to liability of distortion of the plates under pressure.`

In my prior Patents No. 1,061,839, dated May 13, 1913, and No. 1,081,905, dated Dec.

16, 1913, and in my prior application Ser. 1

No. 50,058, filed Sept. 10, 1915, I have disclosed mats of a construction which combine to a large extent the qualities of porosity and yielding capacity of the hair mat with the working Space of theperforate plate mat, and which, at the same time, are free from the aforesaid objections to mats of the character referred to. l

The present invention appertains to metallic mats and boxes of the general character set forth in my aforesaid patents and application, and has for its object to provide devices of this character which, like my aforementioned devices, are designed to secure maximum expression of oil with speed of action, and to also provide means for improving the porosity of thc mats and boxes and facilitating the drainage off of the oil as expressed.

The present invention further has for its object to provide a construction which enables a maximum number of boxes and mats to be used in a given size of press thus increasing the capacity of the press; which simplifies the constructionand increases the drainage capacity Aof the mats while affording maximum strength and resistance to parts distortion; and which secures a' better guiding and supporting` action to prevent displacement or canting of the mats and displacement of the cake from between the crushing surfaces.

lVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists of the features of con struction, combination and arrangement of hereinafter fully ldescribed and Claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which vFigure 1 is an elevationof an oil press embodying my invention with a number of the boxes in section. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of one of the mats. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through the same. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross sectional view on an enlarged scale. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary corner view of some of the mats 'illustrating the manner of suspending and slidably connecting the same. Fig. 0 is a detail sectional View thereof.

To illustrate the invention I have shown an ordinary oil press consisting of a base l, corner posts or uprights 2, a head 3 carrying a base plate at, which receives the thrust of the -boxes as they are propelled by the ram, the plunger 5 of which only is shown.

Slidably suspended upon bolts G are boxes which consist of a plurality of what may be termed base plates 7, each of which may bev corrugated upon its under surface, as shown at 8, and which is secured, as by means ofv screws 9 to the mat 10, hav-ing upwardly projecting guide flanges or plates 1,1, adapt. ed to slidably receive and engage the base plate and mat of the next adjacent upper box. More correctly speaking, the box consists of the undersurfaces of one base plate, the mat supported upon the next lower plate, and the guiding flanges 11 upon such mat. The cakes from which the oil is to be expressed are spaced upon the surfaces of the mats and squeezed between the mats and cooperating base plates, by the movement of the boxes upward into collapsing relation under the action of the hydraulic ram, as will be readily understood. The oil expressed in the operation of the press is discharged, partly by drainage off the ends of the mats into a suitable receiving trough, not shown, andv partly through the perforated mats, the oil descending from box to box and being discharged from the final or lowermost box of the series into a suitable receptacle or into the aforementioned trough,

as will be readily understood. have not considered it necessary to enterinto detail .about the construction and arrangement of contiguous side edges arranged in abutting 1 relation, and all the bars of the series being fastened to the base plate 7 by the screws 9 and to each other by means of transverse rivets 14 or other suitable fastening means. The upper surfaces of the bars are transversely corrugated to form oil receiving depressions 15 and produce a crushing surface which coperates With the corrugated surface of the coacting base plate 7.

The meeting faces or sides of the bars are formed with semi-elliptical grooves 16, which cooperate-,to provide longitudinally extending oil discharge channels 17, opening through the ends of the mat. Formed in the upper surfaces of the bars are vertical transverse slots or slits 18 which open through the corrugated face of the mat. These slits or slots are arranged in transverse series, on opposite sides of the longitudinal center of each bar, the slots of each series being staggered With yrespect to or alternating in arrangement with the slots 'of the other series, yand the slots of adjacent bars being staggered with respect to or alternating i arrangement with each other. This constru tion provides the corrugated surface of the mat with drain channels of which a maximum number may be employed and which will afford a maximum extent of aggregate perforated surface giving a maximum range of porosity or drain- (age capacity to the mat, without weakening or impairing the strength and rigidity of the mat bars. The slots extend down through the overhanging portions of the walls of thegrooves 16 and communicate with said grooves for the conduction ofthe oil thereto, so that the large channels 17 may carnv ofi' or discharge the oil with ease 'and facility.

For the purpose of further increasing the drainage capacity of the mat, the meeting edges of the bars are cut away or spaced slightly to provide longitudinal drain channels 19, and below the surfaces forming these channels the side faces of the bars above the grooves 16 are formed With inclined surfaces 20 diverging downwardly and progressively widening the slots 20 to insure the rapidpassage of the oil to the channels 17 and to prevent any liability of clogging or choking of the slots. Still further drainage capacity is afforded by providing the surfaces 20 with recessesor indentations 21, providing auxiliary clearance channels along the walls of the slots 19, as

will be readily understood, by which means .any particles of the oil cake which may pass downward with the oil will be prevented from clogging in or gumming up the longitudinal drain passages or tending to clog the transverse. drain slots. Flaring or conical auxiliary drain passages 22 are also formed in the overl'ianging walls of the grooves 1G, said sockets or nozzles having their reduced or restricted ends communicating with the transverse slots and their widened ends communicating with the groovesA` so as to further and additionally provide for the free drainage ofl' of the oil. These passages also provide for the use of a steam blast device composed of slotted tubes which may be fitted within the channels 17 and employed for the purpose of injecting blasts ot' hot steam upward through the slots for the purpose of clearing the saine of any obstructions and cleaning the same at intervals in a ready and convenient manner. 1t will be observed that the drain slots have their inner walls inclined downwardly and outwardly at an angle to the channel forming grooves, thus imparting to each slot a substantially V-form, whereby the discharge of' oil and particles of cake will be facilitated, owing t0 the natural shedding action by gravity of the walls of the slot.

The side bars 13 of the mat are provided with outwardly extending horizontal flanges 23, each provided at its respective ends with series of openings 21. Through some of the openings at each end of each fiange pass bolts 25 detachably securing to the flange a bracket 26, and the respective brackets 26, which are thus arranged adjacent to the corner portions of the mat, are provided with slotted or bifurcated guide members 27 slidably engaging guide rods or bars 2S fitted in key ways or grooves in the corner posts 2 of the press frame, whereby each mat is slidably mounted for vertical motion. The mats are supported and suspended from the head portion of the press frame vand from each other by the bolts G, which engage certain of the' other perfor-ations 2l, and each of these bolts is rigidly connected with a flange ofv one of the mats and slidably engages the flange of the next adjacent mat, the series of bolts throughout being staggered in arrangement, so that the mats may move upwardly in collapsing relation 1'f'ithout interference between their guiding connections, the mode of mounting described also permitting theniats to be removed andreapplied in a ready and convenient manner. The guide flanges. 11 project upwardly from the flanges 23 of the side bars 13,` and the flanges of each mat are adapted to encompass and ride in guided connection with the base plate and bars of the next-adjacent upper mat and forni therewith a compression box, as' will be readily underand facility..

stood, such action applying except in the case of the uppermost mat the bars and flanges of which coperate with the upper stationary plate 4 on the head portion of the press frame. It will be evident that by the described mode of mounting the mats each mat will be firmly and securely supported, and during` the compressing action the flanges 11, by running in guided engagement with the box forming portion above, will maintain the mat in a true horizontal position and prevent it from tilting or cantingl and at the same time serve as guards t'o prevent the oil cake from escaping at the sides of the mat and dropping down without being subjectedv to compression, evenness of compression and an avoidance of waste of material being thereby' secured.

From the foregoing description, the construction and operation of the press will be readily understood, and it will be seen that the invention provides a construction of mat which will be firmly supported and guided in its movementswith lthe stated resultant advantages. It will also be seen that by the construction described the porosity or drainage capacity of the mat will be greatly increased over prior .constructions of metallic mats, by which the expressing quality of the ordinary hair mat will be simulated to a very high degree, together with the quickness of operation of the perforated metallic mat, while avoiding the well known objections to mats of these classes. Furthermore, the construction described allows the drain passages in the mats to be blown out and relieved of adhering material with great convenience Another and important advantage of my invention resides inthe fact that by making each mat of a single base plate or apron and compression bars directly secured' thereto, much space is saved over structures employ- 4ing a base plate in addition to the apron ,to

which the bars vare attached, the aggregate space then being suiiicient in a press of the capacity of, say, fourteen boxes, ,to enable an additional box to be employed, thus increasing the capacity of the press.

I claim 1. A mat for oil presses comprising bars having grooves in their meeting faces forming oil discharge channels, cut-away portions along the margins of their meeting edges forming longitudinal drain passages communicating with the. channels, transverse slots opening' through their surfaces and lateral faces and communicating with thechannels, and conical passages leading up- A through their upper surfaces and side edges and communicating with said channels,.cut

aw'ay portions along the margins of their meeting edges forming'fpassages communicating with the channels, and notches or recesses formed in the walls of said. marginal portions.

l. A mat for oil presses comprising bars having grooves forming discharge channels below their surfaces, transverse slots intersecting said channels, and conical passages extending upwardly and inwardly at an angle from the inner walls of the channels and intersecting the slots at points inward from the lateral faces of the bars.

5. A mat for oil presses comprising bars having grooves in thelmeeting faces thereof forming oil discharge channels, cut-away portions along the margins of their' meeting edges above the channels providing longitudinal drain passages communicating with said channels, transverse slots opening through the surfaces and lateral faces of the barsand communicating with said longitudinal drain passages and channels, and conical passages extending at an upward and inward angle from theinner walls of the channels and intersecting said transverse slots at lpoints inward from the lateral faces of the ars.

6. A mat 'for oil presses comprising bars having grooves in their meeting faces forming oil discharge channels, slots opening through their upper surfaces and side edges and communicating' with said channels, cut away portions along the margins of the meeting edges of the bars forming passages comslots at points inwardly; from the meeting faces of the bars. l

' In testimony whereof I aix my signature. A MICHAEL B. GREEN.

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